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# dotenv [![NPM version](https://img.shields.io/npm/v/dotenv.svg?style=flat-square)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/dotenv) dotenv

Dotenv is a zero-dependency module that loads environment variables from a `.env` file into [`process.env`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest/api/process.html#process_process_env). Storing configuration in the environment separate from code is based on [The Twelve-Factor App](https://12factor.net/config) methodology. [![js-standard-style](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-standard-brightgreen.svg?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/feross/standard) [![LICENSE](https://img.shields.io/github/license/motdotla/dotenv.svg)](LICENSE) [![codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/motdotla/dotenv-expand/graph/badge.svg?token=pawWEyaMfg)](https://codecov.io/gh/motdotla/dotenv-expand) * [🌱 Install](#-install) * [🏗️ Usage (.env)](#%EF%B8%8F-usage) * [🌴 Multiple Environments 🆕](#-manage-multiple-environments) * [🚀 Deploying (encryption) 🆕](#-deploying) * [📚 Examples](#-examples) * [📖 Docs](#-documentation) * [❓ FAQ](#-faq) * [⏱️ Changelog](./CHANGELOG.md) ## 🌱 Install ```bash npm install dotenv --save ``` You can also use an npm-compatible package manager like yarn or bun: ```bash yarn add dotenv # or bun add dotenv ``` ## 🏗️ Usage

Create a `.env` file in the root of your project (if using a monorepo structure like `apps/backend/app.js`, put it in the root of the folder where your `app.js` process runs): ```dosini S3_BUCKET="YOURS3BUCKET" SECRET_KEY="YOURSECRETKEYGOESHERE" ``` As early as possible in your application, import and configure dotenv: ```javascript require('dotenv').config() console.log(process.env) // remove this after you've confirmed it is working ``` .. [or using ES6?](#how-do-i-use-dotenv-with-import) ```javascript import 'dotenv/config' ``` That's it. `process.env` now has the keys and values you defined in your `.env` file: ```javascript require('dotenv').config() // or import 'dotenv/config' if you're using ES6 ... s3.getBucketCors({Bucket: process.env.S3_BUCKET}, function(err, data) {}) ``` ### Multiline values If you need multiline variables, for example private keys, those are now supported (`>= v15.0.0`) with line breaks: ```dosini PRIVATE_KEY="-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- ... Kh9NV... ... -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----" ``` Alternatively, you can double quote strings and use the `\n` character: ```dosini PRIVATE_KEY="-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\nKh9NV...\n-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n" ``` ### Comments Comments may be added to your file on their own line or inline: ```dosini # This is a comment SECRET_KEY=YOURSECRETKEYGOESHERE # comment SECRET_HASH="something-with-a-#-hash" ``` Comments begin where a `#` exists, so if your value contains a `#` please wrap it in quotes. This is a breaking change from `>= v15.0.0` and on. ### Parsing The engine which parses the contents of your file containing environment variables is available to use. It accepts a String or Buffer and will return an Object with the parsed keys and values. ```javascript const dotenv = require('dotenv') const buf = Buffer.from('BASIC=basic') const config = dotenv.parse(buf) // will return an object console.log(typeof config, config) // object { BASIC : 'basic' } ``` ### Preload > Note: Consider using [`dotenvx`](https://github.com/dotenvx/dotenvx) instead of preloading. I am now doing (and recommending) so. > > It serves the same purpose (you do not need to require and load dotenv), adds better debugging, and works with ANY language, framework, or platform. – [motdotla](https://github.com/motdotla) You can use the `--require` (`-r`) [command line option](https://nodejs.org/api/cli.html#-r---require-module) to preload dotenv. By doing this, you do not need to require and load dotenv in your application code. ```bash $ node -r dotenv/config your_script.js ``` The configuration options below are supported as command line arguments in the format `dotenv_config_