AlamofireImage

AlamofireImage is an image component library for Alamofire.

Features

• Image Response Serializers
• UIImage Extensions for Inflation / Scaling / Rounding / CoreImage
• Single and Multi-Pass Image Filters
• Auto-Purging In-Memory Image Cache
• Prioritized Queue Order Image Downloading
• Authentication with URLCredential
• UIImageView Async Remote Downloads with Placeholders
• UIImageView Filters and Transitions
• Comprehensive Test Coverage
• Complete Documentation

Requirements

• iOS 9.0+ / macOS 10.11+ / tvOS 9.0+ / watchOS 2.0+
• Xcode 8.0+
• Swift 3.0+

Migration Guides

• AlamofireImage 2.0 Migration Guide
• AlamofireImage 3.0 Migration Guide

Dependencies

• Alamofire 4.0+

Communication

• If you need help, use Stack Overflow. (Tag 'alamofire')
• If you'd like to ask a general question, use Stack Overflow.
• If you found a bug, open an issue.
• If you have a feature request, open an issue.
• If you want to contribute, submit a pull request.

Installation

CocoaPods

CocoaPods is a dependency manager for Cocoa projects. You can install it with the following command:

$ gem install cocoapods

CocoaPods 1.1.0+ is required.

To integrate AlamofireImage into your Xcode project using CocoaPods, specify it in your

:

source 'https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git'
platform :ios, '10.0'
use_frameworks!

target '<Your Target Name>' do
    pod 'AlamofireImage', '~> 3.0'
end

Then, run the following command:

$ pod install

Carthage

Carthage is a decentralized dependency manager that builds your dependencies and provides you with binary frameworks.

You can install Carthage with Homebrew using the following command:

$ brew update
$ brew install carthage

To integrate AlamofireImage into your Xcode project using Carthage, specify it in your

:

github "Alamofire/AlamofireImage" ~> 3.0

Run

to build the framework and drag the built

AlamofireImage.framework

into your Xcode project.

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Usage

Image Response Serializers

import AlamofireImage

Alamofire.request("https://httpbin.org/image/png").responseImage { response in
	debugPrint(response)

	print(response.request)
	print(response.response)
	debugPrint(response.result)

	if let image = response.result.value {
		print("image downloaded: \(image)")
	}
}

The AlamofireImage response image serializers support a wide range of image types including:

• image/png
• image/jpeg
• image/tiff
• image/gif
• image/ico
• image/x-icon
• image/bmp
• image/x-bmp
• image/x-xbitmap
• image/x-win-bitmap

If the image you are attempting to download is an invalid MIME type not in the list, you can add custom acceptable content types using the

addAcceptableImageContentTypes

extension on the

DataRequest

type.

UIImage Extensions

There are several

extensions designed to make the common image manipulation operations as simple as possible.

Inflation

let url = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "unicorn", withExtension: "png")!
let data = try! Data(contentsOf: url)
let image = UIImage(data: data, scale: UIScreen.main.scale)!

image.af_inflate()

Inflating compressed image formats (such as PNG or JPEG) in a background queue can significantly improve drawing performance on the main thread.

Scaling

let image = UIImage(named: "unicorn")!
let size = CGSize(width: 100.0, height: 100.0)

// Scale image to size disregarding aspect ratio
let scaledImage = image.af_imageScaled(to: size)

// Scale image to fit within specified size while maintaining aspect ratio
let aspectScaledToFitImage = image.af_imageAspectScaled(toFit: size)

// Scale image to fill specified size while maintaining aspect ratio
let aspectScaledToFillImage = image.af_imageAspectScaled(toFill: size)

Rounded Corners

let image = UIImage(named: "unicorn")!
let radius: CGFloat = 20.0

let roundedImage = image.af_imageRounded(withCornerRadius: radius)
let circularImage = image.af_imageRoundedIntoCircle()

Core Image Filters

let image = UIImage(named: "unicorn")!

let sepiaImage = image.af_imageFiltered(withCoreImageFilter: "CISepiaTone")

let blurredImage = image.af_imageFiltered(
    withCoreImageFilter: "CIGuassianBlue",
    parameters: ["inputRadius": 25]
)

Image Filters

The

protocol was designed to make it easy to apply a filter operation and cache the result after an image finished downloading. It defines two properties to facilitate this functionality.

public protocol ImageFilter {
    var filter: Image -> Image { get }
    var identifier: String { get }
}

The

closure contains the operation used to create a modified version of the specified image. The

identifier

property is a string used to uniquely identify the filter operation. This is useful when adding filtered versions of an image to a cache. All identifier properties inside AlamofireImage are implemented using protocol extensions.

Single Pass

The single pass image filters only perform a single operation on the specified image.

let image = UIImage(named: "unicorn")!
let imageFilter = RoundedCornersFilter(radius: 10.0)

let roundedImage = imageFilter.filter(image)

The current list of single pass image filters includes:

• ScaledToSizeFilter
  - Scales an image to a specified size.
• AspectScaledToFitSizeFilter
  - Scales an image from the center while maintaining the aspect ratio to fit within a specified size.
• AspectScaledToFillSizeFilter
  - Scales an image from the center while maintaining the aspect ratio to fill a specified size. Any pixels that fall outside the specified size are clipped.
• RoundedCornersFilter
  - Rounds the corners of an image to the specified radius.
• CircleFilter
  - Rounds the corners of an image into a circle.
• BlurFilter
  - Blurs an image using a
  CIGaussianBlur
  filter with the specified blur radius.

Each image filter is built ontop of the

UIImage

extensions.

Multi-Pass

The multi-pass image filters perform multiple operations on the specified image.

let image = UIImage(named: "avatar")!
let size = CGSize(width: 100.0, height: 100.0)
let imageFilter = AspectScaledToFillSizeCircleFilter(size: size)

let avatarImage = imageFilter.filter(image)

The current list of multi-pass image filters includes:

• ScaledToSizeWithRoundedCornersFilter
  - Scales an image to a specified size, then rounds the corners to the specified radius.
• AspectScaledToFillSizeWithRoundedCornersFilter
  - Scales an image from the center while maintaining the aspect ratio to fit within a specified size, then rounds the corners to the specified radius.
• ScaledToSizeCircleFilter
  - Scales an image to a specified size, then rounds the corners into a circle.
• AspectScaledToFillSizeCircleFilter
  - Scales an image from the center while maintaining the aspect ratio to fit within a specified size, then rounds the corners into a circle.

Image Cache

Image caching can become complicated when it comes to network images.

is quite powerful and does a great job reasoning through the various cache policies and

Cache-Control

headers. However, it is not equiped to handle caching multiple modified versions of those images.

For example, let's say you need to download an album of images. Your app needs to display both the thumbnail version as well as the full size version at various times. Due to performance issues, you want to scale down the thumbnails to a reasonable size before rendering them on-screen. You also need to apply a global CoreImage filter to the full size images when displayed. While

can easily handle storing the original downloaded image, it cannot store these different variants. What you really need is another caching layer designed to handle these different variants.

let imageCache = AutoPurgingImageCache(
    memoryCapacity: 100_000_000,
    preferredMemoryUsageAfterPurge: 60_000_000
)

The

in AlamofireImage fills the role of that additional caching layer. It is an in-memory image cache used to store images up to a given memory capacity. When the memory capacity is reached, the image cache is sorted by last access date, then the oldest image is continuously purged until the preferred memory usage after purge is met. Each time an image is accessed through the cache, the internal access date of the image is updated.

Add / Remove / Fetch Images

Interacting with the

protocol APIs is very straightforward.

let imageCache = AutoPurgingImageCache()
let avatarImage = UIImage(data: data)!

// Add
imageCache.add(avatarImage, withIdentifier: "avatar")

// Fetch
let cachedAvatar = imageCache.image(withIdentifier: "avatar")

// Remove
imageCache.removeImage(withIdentifier: "avatar")

URL Requests

The

protocol extends the

ImageCache

protocol by adding support for

URLRequest

caching. This allows a

URLRequest

and an additional identifier to generate the unique identifier for the image in the cache.

let imageCache = AutoPurgingImageCache()

let urlRequest = URLRequest(url: URL(string: "https://httpbin.org/image/png")!)
let avatarImage = UIImage(named: "avatar")!.af_imageRoundedIntoCircle()

// Add
imageCache.add(avatarImage, for: urlRequest, withIdentifier: "circle")

// Fetch
let cachedAvatarImage = imageCache.image(for: urlRequest, withIdentifier: "circle")

// Remove
imageCache.removeImage(for: urlRequest, withIdentifier: "circle")

Auto-Purging

Each time an image is fetched from the cache, the cache internally updates the last access date for that image.

let avatar = imageCache.image(withIdentifier: "avatar")
let circularAvatar = imageCache.image(for: urlRequest, withIdentifier: "circle")

By updating the last access date for each image, the image cache can make more informed decisions about which images to purge when the memory capacity is reached. The

automatically evicts images from the cache in order from oldest last access date to newest until the memory capacity drops below the

preferredMemoryCapacityAfterPurge

.

It is important to set reasonable default values for the

memoryCapacity

and

preferredMemoryCapacityAfterPurge

when you are initializing your image cache. By default, the

memoryCapacity

equals 100 MB and the

preferredMemoryCapacityAfterPurge

equals 60 MB.

Memory Warnings

The

also listens for memory warnings from your application and will purge all images from the cache if a memory warning is observed.

Image Downloader

The

class is responsible for downloading images in parallel on a prioritized queue. It uses an internal Alamofire

SessionManager

instance to handle all the downloading and response image serialization. By default, the initialization of an

ImageDownloader

uses a default

URLSessionConfiguration

with the most common parameter values.

let imageDownloader = ImageDownloader(
    configuration: ImageDownloader.defaultURLSessionConfiguration(),
    downloadPrioritization: .fifo,
    maximumActiveDownloads: 4,
    imageCache: AutoPurgingImageCache()
)

If you need to customize the

URLSessionConfiguration

type or parameters, then simply provide your own rather than using the default.

Downloading an Image

let downloader = ImageDownloader()
let urlRequest = URLRequest(url: URL(string: "https://httpbin.org/image/jpeg")!)

downloader.download(urlRequest) { response in
    print(response.request)
    print(response.response)
    debugPrint(response.result)

    if let image = response.result.value {
        print(image)
    }
}

Make sure to keep a strong reference to the

ImageDownloader

instance, otherwise the

completion

closure will not be called because the

downloader

reference will go out of scope before the

completion

closure can be called.

Applying an ImageFilter

let downloader = ImageDownloader()
let urlRequest = URLRequest(url: URL(string: "https://httpbin.org/image/jpeg")!)
let filter = AspectScaledToFillSizeCircleFilter(size: CGSize(width: 100.0, height: 100.0))

downloader.download(urlRequest, filter: filter) { response in
    print(response.request)
    print(response.response)
    debugPrint(response.result)

    if let image = response.result.value {
        print(image)
    }
}

Authentication

If your images are behind HTTP Basic Auth, you can append the

or the

credential

to the

ImageDownloader

instance. The credentials will be applied to all future download requests.

let downloader = ImageDownloader()
downloader.addAuthentication(user: "username", password: "password")

Download Prioritization

The

maintains an internal queue of pending download requests. Depending on your situation, you may want incoming downloads to be inserted at the front or the back of the queue. The

DownloadPrioritization

enumeration allows you to specify which behavior you would prefer.

public enum DownloadPrioritization {
    case fifo, lifo
}

The

ImageDownloader

is initialized with a

.fifo

queue by default.

Image Caching

The

uses a combination of an

URLCache

and

AutoPurgingImageCache

to create a very robust, high performance image caching system.

URLCache

The

is used to cache all the original image content downloaded from the server. By default, it is initialized with a memory capacity of 20 MB and a disk capacity of 150 MB. This allows up to 150 MB of original image data to be stored on disk at any given time. While these defaults have been carefully set, it is very important to consider your application's needs and performance requirements and whether these values are right for you.

If you wish to disable this caching layer, create a custom

URLSessionConfiguration

with the

urlCache

property set to

nil

and use that configuration when initializing the

ImageDownloader

.

Image Cache

The

is used to cache all the potentially filtered image content after it has been downloaded from the server. This allows multiple variants of the same image to also be cached, rather than having to re-apply the image filters to the original image each time it is required. By default, an

AutoPurgingImageCache

is initialized with a memory capacity of 100 MB and a preferred memory usage after purge limit of 60 MB. This allows up to 100 MB of most recently accessed filtered image content to be stored in-memory at a given time.

Setting Ideal Capacity Limits

Determining the ideal the in-memory and on-disk capacity limits of the

and

AutoPurgingImageCache

requires a bit of forethought. You must carefully consider your application's needs, and tailor the limits accordingly. By default, the combination of caches offers the following storage capacities:

• 150 MB of on-disk storage
• 20 MB of in-memory original image data storage
• 100 MB of in-memory storage of filtered image content
• 60 MB preferred memory capacity after purge of filtered image content

If you do not use image filters, it is advised to set the memory capacity of the

URLCache

to zero to avoid storing the same content in-memory twice.

Duplicate Downloads

Sometimes application logic can end up attempting to download an image more than once before the initial download request is complete. Most often, this results in the image being downloaded more than once. AlamofireImage handles this case elegantly by merging the duplicate downloads. The image will only be downloaded once, yet both completion handlers will be called.

Image Filter Reuse

In addition to merging duplicate downloads, AlamofireImage can also merge duplicate image filters. If two image filters with the same identifier are attached to the same download, the image filter is only executed once and both completion handlers are called with the same resulting image. This can save large amounts of time and resources for computationally expensive filters such as ones leveraging CoreImage.

Request Receipts

Sometimes it is necessary to cancel an image download for various reasons. AlamofireImage can intelligently handle cancellation logic in the

by leveraging the

RequestReceipt

type along with the

cancelRequestForRequestReceipt

method. Each download request vends a

RequestReceipt

which can be later used to cancel the request.

By cancelling the request through the

using the

RequestReceipt

, AlamofireImage is able to determine how to best handle the cancellation. The cancelled download will always receive a cancellation error, while duplicate downloads are allowed to complete. If the download is already active, it is allowed to complete even though the completion handler will be called with a cancellation error. This greatly improves performance of table and collection views displaying large amounts of images.

It is NOT recommended to directly call

cancel

on the

request

in the

RequestReceipt

. Doing so can lead to issues such as duplicate downloads never being allowed to complete.

UIImageView Extension

The UIImage Extensions, Image Filters, Image Cache and Image Downloader were all designed to be flexible and standalone, yet also to provide the foundation of the

extension. Due to the powerful support of these classes, protocols and extensions, the

UIImageView

APIs are concise, easy to use and contain a large amount of functionality.

Setting Image with URL

Setting the image with a URL will asynchronously download the image and set it once the request is finished.

let imageView = UIImageView(frame: frame)
let url = URL(string: "https://httpbin.org/image/png")!

imageView.af_setImage(withURL: url)

If the image is cached locally, the image is set immediately.

Placeholder Images

By specifying a placeholder image, the image view uses the placeholder image until the remote image is downloaded.

let imageView = UIImageView(frame: frame)
let url = URL(string: "https://httpbin.org/image/png")!
let placeholderImage = UIImage(named: "placeholder")!

imageView.af_setImage(withURL: url, placeholderImage: placeholderImage)

If the remote image is cached locally, the placeholder image is never set.

Image Filters

If an image filter is specified, it is applied asynchronously after the remote image is downloaded. Once the filter execution is complete, the resulting image is set on the image view.

let imageView = UIImageView(frame: frame)

let url = URL(string: "https://httpbin.org/image/png")!
let placeholderImage = UIImage(named: "placeholder")!

let filter = AspectScaledToFillSizeWithRoundedCornersFilter(
    size: imageView.frame.size,
    radius: 20.0
)

imageView.af_setImage(
    withURL: url,
    placeholderImage: placeholderImage,
    filter: filter
)

If the remote image with the applied filter is cached locally, the image is set immediately.

Image Transitions

By default, there is no image transition animation when setting the image on the image view. If you wish to add a cross dissolve or flip-from-bottom animation, then specify an

with the preferred duration.

let imageView = UIImageView(frame: frame)

let url = URL(string: "https://httpbin.org/image/png")!
let placeholderImage = UIImage(named: "placeholder")!

let filter = AspectScaledToFillSizeWithRoundedCornersFilter(
    size: imageView.frame.size,
    radius: 20.0
)

imageView.af_setImage(
    withURL: url,
    placeholderImage: placeholderImage,
    filter: filter,
    imageTransition: .crossDissolve(0.2)
)

If the remote image is cached locally, the image transition is ignored.

Image Downloader

The

extension is powered by the default

ImageDownloader

instance. To customize cache capacities, download priorities, request cache policies, timeout durations, etc., please refer to the Image Downloader documentation.

Authentication

If an image requires and authentication credential from the

extension, it can be provided as follows:

ImageDownloader.default.addAuthentication(user: "user", password: "password")

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Credits

Alamofire is owned and maintained by the Alamofire Software Foundation. You can follow them on Twitter at @AlamofireSF for project updates and releases.

Security Disclosure

If you believe you have identified a security vulnerability with AlamofireImage, you should report it as soon as possible via email to security@alamofire.org. Please do not post it to a public issue tracker.

Donations

The ASF is looking to raise money to officially register as a federal non-profit organization. Registering will allow us members to gain some legal protections and also allow us to put donations to use, tax free. Donating to the ASF will enable us to:

• Pay our legal fees to register as a federal non-profit organization
• Pay our yearly legal fees to keep the non-profit in good status
• Pay for our mail servers to help us stay on top of all questions and security issues
• Potentially fund test servers to make it easier for us to test the edge cases
• Potentially fund developers to work on one of our projects full-time

The community adoption of the ASF libraries has been amazing. We are greatly humbled by your enthusiam around the projects, and want to continue to do everything we can to move the needle forward. With your continued support, the ASF will be able to improve its reach and also provide better legal safety for the core members. If you use any of our libraries for work, see if your employers would be interested in donating. Our initial goal is to raise $1000 to get all our legal ducks in a row and kickstart this campaign. Any amount you can donate today to help us reach our goal would be greatly appreciated.

License

AlamofireImage is released under the MIT license. See LICENSE for details.