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Python314/Doc/html/c-api/reflection.html
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Anatoly1147
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11 июл 2026, 17:02
11 июл 2026, 17:02
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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" data-content_root="../"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Reflection" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/reflection.html" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Python documentation" /> <meta property="og:image" content="_static/og-image.png" /> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="Python documentation" /> <meta name="theme-color" content="#3776ab"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="200"> <title>Reflection — Python 3.14.4 documentation</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../_static/pygments.css?v=b86133f3" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" 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registry and support functions" accesskey="N">next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="hash.html" title="PyHash API" accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.svg" alt="Python logo" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li class="switchers"> <div class="language_switcher_placeholder"></div> <div class="version_switcher_placeholder"></div> </li> <li> </li> <li id="cpython-language-and-version"> <a href="../index.html">3.14.4 Documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >Python/C API reference manual</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="utilities.html" accesskey="U">Utilities</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href="">Reflection</a></li> <li class="right"> <div class="inline-search" role="search"> <form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input placeholder="Quick search" aria-label="Quick search" type="search" name="q" id="search-box"> <input type="submit" value="Go"> </form> </div> | </li> <li class="right"> <label class="theme-selector-label"> Theme <select class="theme-selector" oninput="activateTheme(this.value)"> <option value="auto" selected>Auto</option> <option value="light">Light</option> <option value="dark">Dark</option> </select> </label> |</li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body" role="main"> <section id="reflection"> <span id="id1"></span><h1>Reflection<a class="headerlink" href="#reflection" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyEval_GetBuiltins"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetBuiltins</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">void</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyEval_GetBuiltins" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount return_borrowed_ref">Return value: Borrowed reference.</em><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a>.</em><div class="deprecated"> <p><span class="versionmodified deprecated">Deprecated since version 3.13: </span>Use <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyEval_GetFrameBuiltins" title="PyEval_GetFrameBuiltins"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFrameBuiltins()</span></code></a> instead.</p> </div> <p>Return a dictionary of the builtins in the current execution frame, or the interpreter of the thread state if no frame is currently executing.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyEval_GetLocals"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetLocals</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">void</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyEval_GetLocals" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount return_borrowed_ref">Return value: Borrowed reference.</em><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a>.</em><div class="deprecated"> <p><span class="versionmodified deprecated">Deprecated since version 3.13: </span>Use either <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyEval_GetFrameLocals" title="PyEval_GetFrameLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFrameLocals()</span></code></a> to obtain the same behaviour as calling <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#locals" title="locals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a> in Python code, or else call <a class="reference internal" href="frame.html#c.PyFrame_GetLocals" title="PyFrame_GetLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyFrame_GetLocals()</span></code></a> on the result of <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyEval_GetFrame" title="PyEval_GetFrame"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFrame()</span></code></a> to access the <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#frame.f_locals" title="frame.f_locals"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">f_locals</span></code></a> attribute of the currently executing frame.</p> </div> <p>Return a mapping providing access to the local variables in the current execution frame, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code> if no frame is currently executing.</p> <p>Refer to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#locals" title="locals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a> for details of the mapping returned at different scopes.</p> <p>As this function returns a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-borrowed-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">borrowed reference</span></a>, the dictionary returned for <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-optimized-scope"><span class="xref std std-term">optimized scopes</span></a> is cached on the frame object and will remain alive as long as the frame object does. Unlike <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyEval_GetFrameLocals" title="PyEval_GetFrameLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFrameLocals()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#locals" title="locals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a>, subsequent calls to this function in the same frame will update the contents of the cached dictionary to reflect changes in the state of the local variables rather than returning a new snapshot.</p> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.13: </span>As part of <span class="target" id="index-0"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0667/"><strong>PEP 667</strong></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="frame.html#c.PyFrame_GetLocals" title="PyFrame_GetLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyFrame_GetLocals()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#locals" title="locals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#frame.f_locals" title="frame.f_locals"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FrameType.f_locals</span></code></a> no longer make use of the shared cache dictionary. Refer to the <a class="reference internal" href="../whatsnew/3.13.html#whatsnew313-locals-semantics"><span class="std std-ref">What’s New entry</span></a> for additional details.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyEval_GetGlobals"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetGlobals</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">void</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyEval_GetGlobals" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount return_borrowed_ref">Return value: Borrowed reference.</em><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a>.</em><div class="deprecated"> <p><span class="versionmodified deprecated">Deprecated since version 3.13: </span>Use <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyEval_GetFrameGlobals" title="PyEval_GetFrameGlobals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFrameGlobals()</span></code></a> instead.</p> </div> <p>Return a dictionary of the global variables in the current execution frame, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code> if no frame is currently executing.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyEval_GetFrame"> <a class="reference internal" href="frame.html#c.PyFrameObject" title="PyFrameObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyFrameObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFrame</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">void</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyEval_GetFrame" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount return_borrowed_ref">Return value: Borrowed reference.</em><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a>.</em><p>Return the <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-attached-thread-state"><span class="xref std std-term">attached thread state</span></a>’s frame, which is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code> if no frame is currently executing.</p> <p>See also <a class="reference internal" href="threads.html#c.PyThreadState_GetFrame" title="PyThreadState_GetFrame"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThreadState_GetFrame()</span></code></a>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyEval_GetFrameBuiltins"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFrameBuiltins</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">void</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyEval_GetFrameBuiltins" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a> since version 3.13.</em><p>Return a dictionary of the builtins in the current execution frame, or the interpreter of the thread state if no frame is currently executing.</p> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 3.13.</span></p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyEval_GetFrameLocals"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFrameLocals</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">void</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyEval_GetFrameLocals" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a> since version 3.13.</em><p>Return a dictionary of the local variables in the current execution frame, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code> if no frame is currently executing. Equivalent to calling <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#locals" title="locals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a> in Python code.</p> <p>To access <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#frame.f_locals" title="frame.f_locals"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">f_locals</span></code></a> on the current frame without making an independent snapshot in <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-optimized-scope"><span class="xref std std-term">optimized scopes</span></a>, call <a class="reference internal" href="frame.html#c.PyFrame_GetLocals" title="PyFrame_GetLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyFrame_GetLocals()</span></code></a> on the result of <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyEval_GetFrame" title="PyEval_GetFrame"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFrame()</span></code></a>.</p> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 3.13.</span></p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyEval_GetFrameGlobals"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFrameGlobals</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">void</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyEval_GetFrameGlobals" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a> since version 3.13.</em><p>Return a dictionary of the global variables in the current execution frame, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code> if no frame is currently executing. Equivalent to calling <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#globals" title="globals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">globals()</span></code></a> in Python code.</p> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 3.13.</span></p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyEval_GetFuncName"> <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFuncName</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">func</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyEval_GetFuncName" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a>.</em><p>Return the name of <em>func</em> if it is a function, class or instance object, else the name of <em>func</em>s type.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyEval_GetFuncDesc"> <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFuncDesc</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">func</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyEval_GetFuncDesc" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a>.</em><p>Return a description string, depending on the type of <em>func</em>. Return values include “()” for functions and methods, “ constructor”, “ instance”, and “ object”. Concatenated with the result of <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyEval_GetFuncName" title="PyEval_GetFuncName"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFuncName()</span></code></a>, the result will be a description of <em>func</em>.</p> </dd></dl> </section> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="Main"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <div> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="hash.html" title="previous chapter">PyHash API</a></p> </div> <div> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="codec.html" title="next chapter">Codec registry and support functions</a></p> </div> <script> document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const title = document.querySelector('meta[property="og:title"]').content; const elements = document.querySelectorAll('.improvepage'); const pageurl = window.location.href.split('?')[0]; elements.forEach(element => { const url = new URL(element.href.split('?')[0].replace("-nojs", "")); url.searchParams.set('pagetitle', title); url.searchParams.set('pageurl', pageurl); url.searchParams.set('pagesource', "c-api/reflection.rst"); element.href = url.toString(); }); }); </script> <div role="note" aria-label="source link"> <h3>This page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a bug</a></li> <li><a class="improvepage" href="../improve-page-nojs.html">Improve this page</a></li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Doc/c-api/reflection.rst?plain=1" rel="nofollow">Show source </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="sidebarbutton" title="Collapse sidebar"> <span>«</span> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="Related"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="codec.html" title="Codec registry and support functions" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="hash.html" title="PyHash API" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.svg" alt="Python logo" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li class="switchers"> <div class="language_switcher_placeholder"></div> <div class="version_switcher_placeholder"></div> </li> <li> </li> <li id="cpython-language-and-version"> <a href="../index.html">3.14.4 Documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >Python/C API reference manual</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="utilities.html" >Utilities</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href="">Reflection</a></li> <li class="right"> <div class="inline-search" role="search"> <form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input placeholder="Quick search" aria-label="Quick search" type="search" name="q" id="search-box"> <input type="submit" value="Go"> </form> </div> | </li> <li class="right"> <label class="theme-selector-label"> Theme <select class="theme-selector" oninput="activateTheme(this.value)"> <option value="auto" selected>Auto</option> <option value="light">Light</option> <option value="dark">Dark</option> </select> </label> |</li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer"> © <a href="../copyright.html">Copyright</a> 2001 Python Software Foundation. <br> This page is licensed under the Python Software Foundation License Version 2. <br> Examples, recipes, and other code in the documentation are additionally licensed under the Zero Clause BSD License. <br> See <a href="/license.html">History and License</a> for more information.<br> <br> The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation. <a href="https://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a> <br> <br> Last updated on Apr 07, 2026 (13:52 UTC). <a href="/bugs.html">Found a bug</a>? <br> Created using <a href="https://www.sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> 8.2.3. </div> </body> </html>