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  <section id="curses-c-api">
<h1>Curses C API<a class="headerlink" href="#curses-c-api" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/curses.html#module-curses" title="curses: An interface to the curses library, providing portable terminal handling."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses</span></code></a> exposes a small C interface for extension modules.
Consumers must include the header file <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">py_curses.h</span></code> (which is not
included by default by <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Python.h</span></code>) and <a class="reference internal" href="#c.import_curses" title="import_curses"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">import_curses()</span></code></a> must
be invoked, usually as part of the module initialisation function, to populate
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCurses_API" title="PyCurses_API"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCurses_API</span></code></a>.</p>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p>Neither the C API nor the pure Python <a class="reference internal" href="../library/curses.html#module-curses" title="curses: An interface to the curses library, providing portable terminal handling."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses</span></code></a> module are compatible
with subinterpreters.</p>
</div>
<dl class="c macro">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.import_curses">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">import_curses</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.import_curses" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>Import the curses C API. The macro does not need a semi-colon to be called.</p>
<p>On success, populate the <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCurses_API" title="PyCurses_API"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCurses_API</span></code></a> pointer.</p>
<p>On failure, set <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCurses_API" title="PyCurses_API"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCurses_API</span></code></a> to NULL and set an exception.
The caller must check if an error occurred via <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#c.PyErr_Occurred" title="PyErr_Occurred"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_Occurred()</span></code></a>:</p>
<div class="highlight-c notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">import_curses</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// semi-colon is optional but recommended</span>
<span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyErr_Occurred</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* cleanup */</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="c var">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCurses_API">
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">void</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCurses_API</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCurses_API" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>Dynamically allocated object containing the curses C API.
This variable is only available once <a class="reference internal" href="#c.import_curses" title="import_curses"><code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">import_curses</span></code></a> succeeds.</p>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCurses_API[0]</span></code> corresponds to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCursesWindow_Type" title="PyCursesWindow_Type"><code class="xref c c-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCursesWindow_Type</span></code></a>.</p>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCurses_API[1]</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCurses_API[2]</span></code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCurses_API[3]</span></code>
are pointers to predicate functions of type <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span> <span class="pre">(*)(void)</span></code>.</p>
<p>When called, these predicates return whether <a class="reference internal" href="../library/curses.html#curses.setupterm" title="curses.setupterm"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.setupterm()</span></code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/curses.html#curses.initscr" title="curses.initscr"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.initscr()</span></code></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/curses.html#curses.start_color" title="curses.start_color"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.start_color()</span></code></a> have been called
respectively.</p>
<p>See also the convenience macros <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCursesSetupTermCalled" title="PyCursesSetupTermCalled"><code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCursesSetupTermCalled</span></code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCursesInitialised" title="PyCursesInitialised"><code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCursesInitialised</span></code></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCursesInitialisedColor" title="PyCursesInitialisedColor"><code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCursesInitialisedColor</span></code></a>.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>The number of entries in this structure is subject to changes.
Consider using <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCurses_API_pointers" title="PyCurses_API_pointers"><code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCurses_API_pointers</span></code></a> to check if
new fields are available or not.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="c macro">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCurses_API_pointers">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCurses_API_pointers</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCurses_API_pointers" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>The number of accessible fields (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">4</span></code>) in <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCurses_API" title="PyCurses_API"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCurses_API</span></code></a>.
This number is incremented whenever new fields are added.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="c var">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCursesWindow_Type">
<a class="reference internal" href="type.html#c.PyTypeObject" title="PyTypeObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyTypeObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCursesWindow_Type</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCursesWindow_Type" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="typeobj.html#heap-types"><span class="std std-ref">heap type</span></a> corresponding to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/curses.html#curses.window" title="curses.window"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.window</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="c function">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCursesWindow_Check">
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCursesWindow_Check</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">op</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCursesWindow_Check" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>Return true if <em>op</em> is a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/curses.html#curses.window" title="curses.window"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.window</span></code></a> instance, false otherwise.</p>
</dd></dl>

<p>The following macros are convenience macros expanding into C statements.
In particular, they can only be used as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">macro;</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">macro</span></code>, but not
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">macro()</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">macro();</span></code>.</p>
<dl class="c macro">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCursesSetupTermCalled">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCursesSetupTermCalled</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCursesSetupTermCalled" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>Macro checking if <a class="reference internal" href="../library/curses.html#curses.setupterm" title="curses.setupterm"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.setupterm()</span></code></a> has been called.</p>
<p>The macro expansion is roughly equivalent to:</p>
<div class="highlight-c notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">predicate_t</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="n">predicate_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">was_setupterm_called</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">predicate_t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">PyCurses_API</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">was_setupterm_called</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="c macro">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCursesInitialised">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCursesInitialised</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCursesInitialised" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>Macro checking if <a class="reference internal" href="../library/curses.html#curses.initscr" title="curses.initscr"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.initscr()</span></code></a> has been called.</p>
<p>The macro expansion is roughly equivalent to:</p>
<div class="highlight-c notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">predicate_t</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="n">predicate_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">was_initscr_called</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">predicate_t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">PyCurses_API</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">was_initscr_called</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="c macro">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCursesInitialisedColor">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCursesInitialisedColor</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCursesInitialisedColor" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>Macro checking if <a class="reference internal" href="../library/curses.html#curses.start_color" title="curses.start_color"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.start_color()</span></code></a> has been called.</p>
<p>The macro expansion is roughly equivalent to:</p>
<div class="highlight-c notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">predicate_t</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="n">predicate_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">was_start_color_called</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">predicate_t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">PyCurses_API</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">was_start_color_called</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">        </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="internal-data">
<h1>Internal data<a class="headerlink" href="#internal-data" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<p>The following objects are exposed by the C API but should be considered
internal-only.</p>
<dl class="c macro">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCurses_CAPSULE_NAME">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCurses_CAPSULE_NAME</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCurses_CAPSULE_NAME" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>Name of the curses capsule to pass to <a class="reference internal" href="capsule.html#c.PyCapsule_Import" title="PyCapsule_Import"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCapsule_Import()</span></code></a>.</p>
<p>Internal usage only. Use <a class="reference internal" href="#c.import_curses" title="import_curses"><code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">import_curses</span></code></a> instead.</p>
</dd></dl>

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