niceSOFT/systemd: The systemd System and Service Manager

man/systemd-mstack.xml
218 строк9 KB
Yu Watanabe
man: fix typo
19 фев 2026, 19:18
19 фев 2026, 19:18e94c410
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd">
<!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later -->

<refentry id="systemd-mstack"
    xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">

  <refentryinfo>
    <title>systemd-mstack</title>
    <productname>systemd</productname>
  </refentryinfo>

  <refmeta>
    <refentrytitle>systemd-mstack</refentrytitle>
    <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
  </refmeta>

  <refnamediv>
    <refname>systemd-mstack</refname>
    <refname>mount.mstack</refname>
    <refpurpose>Mstack Discoverable Disk Images (DDIs)</refpurpose>
  </refnamediv>

  <refsynopsisdiv>
    <cmdsynopsis>
      <command>systemd-mstack</command> <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> <arg choice="plain"><replaceable>IMAGE</replaceable></arg>
    </cmdsynopsis>
    <cmdsynopsis>
      <command>systemd-mstack</command> <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> <arg>--mount</arg> <arg choice="plain"><replaceable>IMAGE</replaceable></arg> <arg choice="plain"><replaceable>PATH</replaceable></arg>
    </cmdsynopsis>
    <cmdsynopsis>
      <command>systemd-mstack</command> <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> <arg>--umount</arg> <arg choice="plain"><replaceable>PATH</replaceable></arg>
    </cmdsynopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Description</title>

    <para><command>systemd-mstack</command> is a tool for introspecting and interacting with
    <filename>.mstack/</filename> mount stack directories, as described in
    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mstack</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>. It
    supports three different operations:</para>

    <orderedlist>
      <listitem><para>Show general mount stack information, including all described
      <literal>overlayfs</literal> layers and bind mounts.</para></listitem>

      <listitem><para>Mount a mount stack to a local directory.</para></listitem>

      <listitem><para>Unmount a mount stack from a local directory.</para></listitem>
    </orderedlist>

    <para>The <command>systemd-mstack</command> command may be invoked as <command>mount.mstack</command> in
    which case it implements the <citerefentry
    project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> "external
    helper" interface. This ensures mount stack directories compatible with <command>systemd-mstack</command>
    can be mounted directly by <command>mount</command> and <citerefentry
    project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. For
    details see below.</para>

    <xi:include href="vpick.xml" xpointer="image"/>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Commands</title>

    <para>If neither of the command switches listed below are passed the specified mount stack is opened and
    general information about it is shown, including a list of all defined layers.</para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>--mount</option></term>
        <term><option>-m</option></term>

        <listitem><para>Mount the specified mount stack to the specified directory.</para>

        <para>To unmount a mount stack directory mounted like this use the <option>--umount</option> operation.</para>

        <para>Note that this functionality is also available in <citerefentry
        project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> via a
        command such as <command>mount -t mstack mystack.mstack targetdir/</command>, as well as in <citerefentry
        project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. For
        details, see below.</para>

        <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v260"/></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-M</option></term>

        <listitem><para>This is a shortcut for <option>--mount --mkdir</option>.</para>

        <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v260"/></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>--umount</option></term>
        <term><option>-u</option></term>

        <listitem><para>Unmount a mount stack from the specified directory. This command expects one argument:
        a directory where mount stack was mounted.</para>

        <para>All mounted mounts will be recursively unmounted</para>

        <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v260"/></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-U</option></term>

        <listitem><para>This is a shortcut for <option>--umount --rmdir</option>.</para>

        <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v260"/></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
      <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" />
    </variablelist>

  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Options</title>

    <para>The following options are understood:</para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>--read-only</option></term>
        <term><option>-r</option></term>

        <listitem><para>Operate in read-only mode. By default, <option>--mount</option> will establish
        writable mount points. If this option is specified they are established in read-only mode
        instead.</para>

        <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v260"/></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>--mkdir</option></term>

        <listitem><para>If combined with <option>--mount</option> the directory to mount the mount stack to
        is created if it is missing. Note that the directory is not automatically removed when the mount
        stack is unmounted again.</para>

        <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v260"/></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>--rmdir</option></term>

        <listitem><para>If combined with <option>--umount</option> the specified directory where the mount stack
        is mounted is removed after unmounting it.</para>

        <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v260"/></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="image-policy-open" />
      <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="image-filter" />
      <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-pager" />
      <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-legend" />
      <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="json" />
    </variablelist>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Exit status</title>

    <para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise.</para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Invocation as <command>/sbin/mount.mstack</command></title>

    <!-- In case you are wondering why this is spelled out with the /sbin/ prefix, rather than /usr/bin/ or
         so, or omitting the prefix entirely: it's simply because util-linux mount always uses precisely this
         spelling in their API docs. For example open mount(8), and grep for '/sbin/mount', and you see a ton
         of occurrences. We just inherit this spelling here, to make clear this is just an instantiation of
         their plugin mechanism. -->

    <para>The <command>systemd-mstack</command> executable may be symlinked to
    <filename>/sbin/mount.mstack</filename>. If invoked through that it implements <citerefentry
    project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>'s
    "external helper" interface for the (pseudo) file system type <literal>mstack</literal>. This means
    conformant mount stack directories  may be mounted directly via</para>

    <programlisting># mount -t mstack mystack.mstack targetdir/</programlisting>

    <para>in a fashion mostly equivalent to:</para>

    <programlisting># systemd-mstack --mount mystack.mstack targetdir/</programlisting>

    <para>Note that since a single mount stack may contain multiple mount points it should later be unmounted with
    <command>umount -R targetdir/</command>, for recursive operation.</para>

    <para>This functionality is particularly useful to mount mount stacks automatically at boot via simple
    <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> entries. For example:</para>

    <programlisting>/path/to/mystack.nspawn /images/mystack/ mstack defaults 0 0</programlisting>

    <para>When invoked this way the mount options <literal>ro</literal>, <literal>rw</literal> map to the
    corresponding options listed above (i.e. <option>--read-only</option>).</para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>See Also</title>
    <para><simplelist type="inline">
      <member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
      <member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mstack</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
      <member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-nspawn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
      <member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
      <member><citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
      <member><citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>umount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
    </simplelist></para>
  </refsect1>

</refentry>