man/systemd-ssh-generator.xml - main - niceSOFT/systemd

man/systemd-ssh-generator.xml
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Allison Karlitskaya
man: add docs for ssh.ephemeral-authorized_keys-all
03 сен 2025, 14:04
03 сен 2025, 14:045a1b64f
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<!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later -->
<refentry id="systemd-ssh-generator"
          xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">

  <refentryinfo>
    <title>systemd-ssh-generator</title>
    <productname>systemd</productname>
  </refentryinfo>

  <refmeta>
    <refentrytitle>systemd-ssh-generator</refentrytitle>
    <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
  </refmeta>

  <refnamediv>
    <refname>systemd-ssh-generator</refname>
    <refpurpose>Generator for binding a socket-activated SSH server to local <constant>AF_VSOCK</constant>
    and <constant>AF_UNIX</constant> sockets</refpurpose>
  </refnamediv>

  <refsynopsisdiv>
    <para><filename>/usr/lib/systemd/system-generators/systemd-ssh-generator</filename></para>
  </refsynopsisdiv>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Description</title>

    <para><command>systemd-ssh-generator</command> binds a socket-activated SSH server to local
    <constant>AF_VSOCK</constant> and <constant>AF_UNIX</constant> sockets under certain conditions. It only
    has an effect if the
    <citerefentry project="man-pages"><refentrytitle>sshd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
    binary is installed. Specifically, it does the following:</para>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem><para>If invoked in a VM with <constant>AF_VSOCK</constant> support, a socket-activated SSH
      per-connection service is bound to <constant>AF_VSOCK</constant> port 22.</para></listitem>

      <listitem><para>If invoked in a container environment with a writable directory
      <filename>/run/host/unix-export/</filename> pre-mounted it binds SSH to an <constant>AF_UNIX</constant>
      socket <filename>/run/host/unix-export/ssh</filename>. The assumption is that this directory is bind
      mounted to the host side as well, and can be used to connect to the container from there. See <ulink
      url="https://systemd.io/CONTAINER_INTERFACE">Container Interface</ulink> for more information about
      this interface.</para></listitem>

      <listitem><para>A local <constant>AF_UNIX</constant> socket
      <filename>/run/ssh-unix-local/socket</filename> is also bound, unconditionally. This may be used for
      SSH communication from the host to itself, without involving networking, for example to traverse
      security boundaries safely and with secure authentication.</para></listitem>

      <listitem><para>Additional <constant>AF_UNIX</constant> and <constant>AF_VSOCK</constant> sockets are
      optionally bound, based on the <varname>systemd.ssh_listen=</varname> kernel command line option or the
      <filename>ssh.listen</filename> system credential (see below).</para></listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para>See
    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-ssh-proxy</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> for
    details on how to connect to these sockets via the <command>ssh</command> client.</para>

    <para>The <varname>ssh.authorized_keys.root</varname> credential can be used to allow specific public keys
    to log in over SSH. See
    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.system-credentials</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
    for more information.</para>

    <para>The generator will use a packaged <filename>sshd@.service</filename> service template file if one
    exists, and otherwise generate a suitable service template file.</para>

    <para><command>systemd-ssh-generator</command> implements
    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Kernel Command Line</title>

    <para><command>systemd-ssh-generator</command> understands the following
    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>kernel-command-line</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
    parameters:</para>

    <variablelist class='kernel-commandline-options'>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><varname>systemd.ssh_auto=</varname></term>

        <listitem><para>This option takes an optional boolean argument, and defaults to yes. If enabled, the
        automatic binding to the <constant>AF_VSOCK</constant> and <constant>AF_UNIX</constant> sockets
        listed above is done. If disable, this is not done, except for those explicitly requested via
        <varname>systemd.ssh_listen=</varname> on the kernel command line or via the
        <varname>ssh.listen</varname> system credential.</para>

        <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v256"/></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><varname>systemd.ssh_listen=</varname></term>

        <listitem><para>This option configures an additional socket to bind SSH to. It may be used multiple
        times to bind multiple sockets. The syntax should follow the one of <varname>ListenStream=</varname>,
        see
        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
        for details. This functionality supports all socket families
        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> supports,
        including <constant>AF_INET</constant> and <constant>AF_INET6</constant>.</para>

        <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v256"/></listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Credentials</title>

    <para><command>systemd-ssh-generator</command> supports the system credentials logic. The following
    credentials are used when passed in:</para>

    <variablelist class='system-credentials'>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><varname>ssh.listen</varname></term>

        <listitem><para>This credential should be a text file, with each line referencing one additional
        socket to bind SSH to. The syntax should follow the one of <varname>ListenStream=</varname>, see
        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
        for details. This functionality supports all socket families systemd supports, including
        <constant>AF_INET</constant> and <constant>AF_INET6</constant>.</para>

        <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v256"/></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><varname>ssh.ephemeral-authorized_keys-all</varname></term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Provides additional public keys, given in the customary <filename>authorized_keys</filename>
            format, for all users, for incoming connections via the generated <constant>AF_VSOCK</constant>
            and <constant>AF_UNIX</constant> socket units.</para>

          <para>The intended use of this is for a host system (in either VM or container configurations) to
            generate a keypair and inject the public key into the guest, using the private key to connect to
            any user account on the guest via ssh, without further authentication.</para>

          <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v256"/>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>See Also</title>
    <para><simplelist type="inline">
      <member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
      <member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>kernel-command-line</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
      <member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.system-credentials</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
      <member><citerefentry project="man-pages"><refentrytitle>vsock</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
      <member><citerefentry project="man-pages"><refentrytitle>unix</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
      <member><citerefentry project="man-pages"><refentrytitle>ssh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
      <member><citerefentry project="man-pages"><refentrytitle>sshd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
    </simplelist></para>
  </refsect1>
</refentry>