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doc/help/encryption.html
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Michael Sweet
Online help fixes.
19 дек 2017, 08:05
19 дек 2017, 08:05
cfd375a
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<!doctype html> <html> <!-- SECTION: Getting Started --> <head> <title>Managing Encryption</title> <link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="../cups-printable.css"> </head> <body> <h1 class="title">Managing Encryption</h1> <p>CUPS supports TLS encryption in two ways:</p> <ol> <li>Using HTTPS (always on) as soon as a connection is established, and</li> <li>Using HTTP Upgrade to TLS (opportunistic) after the connection is established.</li> </ol> <p>CUPS supports self-signed, CA-signed, and enterprise certificates, with configurable certificate validation, cipher suite, and SSL/TLS version policies.</p> <p>Out of the box, CUPS uses a Trust On First Use ("TOFU") certificate validation policy like the popular Secure Shell (ssh) software, requires TLS/1.0 or higher, only allows secure cipher suites, and automatically creates a "self-signed" certificate and private key for the scheduler so that remote administration operations and printer sharing are encrypted by default.</p> <h2 class="title" id="CLIENT">Configuring Client TLS Policies</h2> <p>The <a href="man-client.conf.html"><var>client.conf</var></a> file controls the client TLS policies. The default policy is:</p> <pre class="command"> AllowAnyRoot Yes AllowExpiredCerts No Encryption IfRequested SSLOptions None TrustOnFirstUse Yes ValidateCerts No </pre> <p>A client can be configured to only communicate with trusted TLS/1.1+ servers and printers by copying the corresponding certificates to the client (<a href="#PLATFORM">see below</a>) and using the following policy in the <var>client.conf</var> file or macOS<sup>®</sup> printing preferences:</p> <pre class="command"> AllowAnyRoot No AllowExpiredCerts No Encryption Required SSLOptions DenyTLS1.0 TrustOnFirstUse No ValidateCerts Yes </pre> <p>Similarly, if a client needs to support an older server that only supports SSL/3.0 and RC4 cipher suites you can use the following policy option:</p> <pre class="command"> SSLOptions AllowRC4 AllowSSL3 </pre> <h2 class="title" id="SERVER">Configuring Server TLS Policies</h2> <p>Two directives in the <a href="man-cups-files.conf.html"><var>cups-files.conf</var></a> file control the server (scheduler) TLS policies - <a href="man-cups-files.conf.html#CreateSelfSignedCerts"><code>CreateSelfSignedCerts</code></a> and <a href="man-cups-files.conf.html#ServerKeychain"><code>ServerKeychain</code></a>. The default policy creates self-signed certificates as needed.</p> <p>The <a href="man-cupsd.conf.html#DefaultEncryption"><code>DefaultEncryption</code></a> and <a href="man-cupsd.conf.html#Encryption"><code>Encryption</code></a> directives in the <a href="man-cupsd.conf.html"><var>cupsd.conf</var></a> file control whether encryption is used. The default configuration requires encryption for remote access whenever authentication is required.</p> <h2 class="title" id="PLATFORM">Platform Differences</h2> <h3>macOS<sup>®</sup></h3> <p>On macOS, client configuration settings for ordinary users are stored in the <var>~/Library/Preferences/org.cups.PrintingPrefs.plist</var> file. System-wide and user certificates are stored in the system and login keychains, with private CUPS keychains being used for self-signed and CUPS-managed certificates.</p> <h3>Windows<sup>®</sup></h3> <p>On Windows, client configuration settings are controlled by the SSL/TLS Group Policy settings and certificate stores.</p> <h3>Other Platforms</h3> <p>Other platforms only use the <var>client.conf</var> file and PEM-encoded certificates (<i>hostname</i>.crt) and private keys (<i>hostname</i>.key) in the <var>/etc/cups/ssl</var> and <var>~/.cups/ssl</var> directories. If present, the <var>/etc/cups/ssl/site.crt</var> file defines a site-wide CA certificate that is used to validate server and printer certificates. Certificates for known servers and printers are stored by CUPS in the corresponding <var>ssl</var> directory so they can be validated for subsequent connections.</p> <p>CUPS also supports certificates created and managed by the popular <a href="https://letsencrypt.org/">Let's Encrypt</a> certificate service, which are stored in the <var>/etc/letsencrypt/live</var> directory.</p> </body> </html>