githubmirror/sg3_utils

sg_lib.c
1 981 строка75 KB
Douglas Gilbert
Load sg3_utils-1.09 into trunk/.
27 июн 2007, 07:00
27 июн 2007, 07:00fa6966c
/*
 * Copyright (c) 1999-2004 Douglas Gilbert.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
 *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 */

/* NOTICE:
 *    On 5th October 2004 (v1.00) this file name was changed from sg_err.c
 *    to sg_lib.c and the previous GPL was changed to a FreeBSD license.
 *    The intention is to maintain this file and the related sg_lib.h file
 *    as open source and encourage their unencumbered use.
 *
 * CONTRIBUTIONS:
 *    This file started out as a copy of SCSI opcodes, sense keys and
 *    additional sense codes (ASC/ASCQ) kept in the Linux SCSI subsystem
 *    in the kernel source file: drivers/scsi/constant.c . That file
 *    bore this notice: "Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995 Eric Youngdale"
 *    and a GPL notice.
 *
 *    Much of the data in this file is derived from SCSI draft standards
 *    found at http://www.t10.org with the "SCSI Primary Commands-3" (SPC-3)
 *    being the central point of reference.
 *
 *    Other contributions:
 *      Version 0.91 (20031116)
 *          sense key specific field (bytes 15-17) decoding [Trent Piepho]
 *
 * CHANGELOG (changes prior to v0.97 removed):
 *      v0.97 (20040830)
 *        safe_strerror(), rename sg_decode_sense() to sg_normalize_sense()
 *        decode descriptor sense data format in full
 *      v0.98 (20040924) [SPC-3 rev 21]
 *        renamed from sg_err.c to sg_lib.c 
 *        factor out sg_get_num() and sg_get_llnum() into this file
 *        add 'no_ascii<0' variant to dStrHex for ASCII-hex output only
 *      v1.00 (20041012)
 *        renamed from sg_err.c to sg_lib.c 
 *        change GPL to FreeBSD license 
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "sg_include.h"
#include "sg_lib.h"

static char * version_str = "1.00 20041020";

FILE * sg_warnings_str = NULL;        /* would like to default to stderr */

/* Commands with service actions that change the command name */
#define SG_MAINTENANCE_IN 0xa3
#define SG_MAINTENANCE_OUT 0xa4
#define SG_SERVICE_ACTION_IN_12 0xab
#define SG_SERVICE_ACTION_OUT_12 0xa9
#define SG_SERVICE_ACTION_IN_16 0x9e
#define SG_SERVICE_ACTION_OUT_16 0x9f
#define SG_VARIABLE_LENGTH_CMD 0x7f

struct value_name_t {
    int value;
    int peri_dev_type; /* only non-zero to disambiguate by command set */
    const char * name;
};

static const struct value_name_t normal_opcodes[] = {
    {0, 0, "Test Unit Ready"},
    {0x1, 0, "Rezero Unit"},
    {0x1, 1, "Rewind"},
    {0x3, 0, "Request Sense"},
    {0x4, 0, "Format Unit"},
    {0x4, 1, "Format medium"},
    {0x4, 2, "Format"},
    {0x5, 0, "Read Block Limits"},
    {0x7, 0, "Reassign Blocks"},
    {0x7, 8, "Initialize element status"},
    {0x8, 0, "Read(6)"},
    {0x8, 3, "Receive"},
    {0xa, 0, "Write(6)"},
    {0xa, 2, "Print"},
    {0xa, 3, "Send"},
    {0xb, 0, "Seek(6)"},
    {0xb, 1, "Set capacity"},
    {0xb, 2, "Slew and print"},
    {0xf, 0, "Read reverse(6)"},
    {0x10, 0, "Write filemarks(6)"},
    {0x10, 2, "Synchronize buffer"},
    {0x11, 0, "Space(6)"},
    {0x12, 0, "Inquiry"},
    {0x13, 0, "Verify(6)"},  /* SSC */
    {0x14, 0, "Recover buffered data"},
    {0x15, 0, "Mode select(6)"},
    {0x16, 0, "Reserve(6)"},
    {0x16, 8, "Reserve element(6)"},
    {0x17, 0, "Release(6)"},
    {0x17, 8, "Release element(6)"},
    {0x18, 0, "Copy"},
    {0x19, 0, "Erase(6)"},
    {0x1a, 0, "Mode sense(6)"},
    {0x1b, 0, "Start stop unit"},
    {0x1b, 1, "Load unload"},
    {0x1b, 0x12, "Load unload"},
    {0x1b, 2, "Stop print"},
    {0x1c, 0, "Receive diagnostic results"},
    {0x1d, 0, "Send diagnostic"},
    {0x1e, 0, "Prevent allow medium removal"},
    {0x23, 0, "Read Format capacities"},
    {0x24, 0, "Set window"},
    {0x25, 0, "Read capacity(10)"},
    {0x25, 0xf, "Read card capacity"},
    {0x28, 0, "Read(10)"},
    {0x29, 0, "Read generation"},
    {0x2a, 0, "Write(10)"},
    {0x2b, 0, "Seek(10)"},
    {0x2b, 1, "Locate(10)"},
    {0x2b, 8, "Position to element"},
    {0x2c, 0, "Erase(10)"},
    {0x2d, 0, "Read updated block"},
    {0x2e, 0, "Write and verify(10)"},
    {0x2f, 0, "Verify(10)"},
    {0x30, 0, "Search data high(10)"},
    {0x31, 0, "Search data equal(10)"},
    {0x32, 0, "Search data low(10)"},
    {0x33, 0, "Set limits(10)"},
    {0x34, 0, "Pre-fetch(10)"},
    {0x34, 1, "Read position"},
    {0x35, 0, "Synchronize cache(10)"},
    {0x36, 0, "Lock unlock cache(10)"},
    {0x37, 0, "Read defect data(10)"},
    {0x37, 8, "Initialize element status with range"},
    {0x38, 0, "Medium scan"},
    {0x39, 0, "Compare"},
    {0x3a, 0, "Copy and verify"},
    {0x3b, 0, "Write buffer"},
    {0x3c, 0, "Read buffer"},
    {0x3d, 0, "Update block"},
    {0x3e, 0, "Read long(10)"},
    {0x3f, 0, "Write long(10)"},
    {0x40, 0, "Change definition"},
    {0x41, 0, "Write same(10)"},
    {0x42, 0, "Read sub-channel"},
    {0x43, 0, "Read TOC/PMA/ATIP"},
    {0x44, 0, "Report density support"},
    {0x45, 0, "Play audio(10)"},
    {0x46, 0, "Get configuration"},
    {0x47, 0, "Play audio msf"},
    {0x4a, 0, "Get event status notification"},
    {0x4b, 0, "Pause/resume"},
    {0x4c, 0, "Log select"},
    {0x4d, 0, "Log sense"},
    {0x4e, 0, "Stop play/scan"},
    {0x50, 0, "Xdwrite(10)"},
    {0x51, 0, "Xpwrite(10)"},
    {0x51, 5, "Read disk information"},
    {0x52, 0, "Xdread(10)"},
    {0x52, 5, "Read track information"},
    {0x53, 0, "Reserve track"},
    {0x54, 0, "Send OPC information"},
    {0x55, 0, "Mode select(10)"},
    {0x56, 0, "Reserve(10)"},
    {0x57, 0, "Release(10)"},
    {0x58, 0, "Repair track"},
    {0x5a, 0, "Mode sense(10)"},
    {0x5b, 0, "Close track/session"},
    {0x5c, 0, "Read buffer capacity"},
    {0x5d, 0, "Send cue sheet"},
    {0x5e, 0, "Persistent reserve in"},
    {0x5f, 0, "Persistent reserve out"},
    {0x80, 0, "Xdwrite extended(16)"},
    {0x80, 1, "Write filemarks(16)"},
    {0x81, 0, "Rebuild(16)"},
    {0x81, 1, "Read reverse(16)"},
    {0x82, 0, "Regenerate(16)"},
    {0x83, 0, "Extended copy"},
    {0x84, 0, "Receive copy results"},
    {0x86, 0, "Access control in"},
    {0x87, 0, "Access control out"},
    {0x88, 0, "Read(16)"},
    {0x8a, 0, "Write(16)"},
    {0x8c, 0, "Read attribute"},
    {0x8d, 0, "Write attribute"},
    {0x8e, 0, "Write and verify(16)"},
    {0x8f, 0, "Verify(16)"},
    {0x90, 0, "Pre-fetch(16)"},
    {0x91, 0, "Synchronize cache(16)"},
    {0x91, 1, "Space(16)"},
    {0x92, 0, "Lock unlock cache(16)"},
    {0x92, 1, "Locate(16)"},
    {0x93, 0, "Write same(16)"},
    {0x93, 1, "Erase(16)"},
    {0x9e, 0, "Service action in(16)"},
    {0x9f, 0, "Service action out(16)"},
    {0xa0, 0, "Report luns"},
    {0xa1, 0, "Blank"},
    {0xa2, 0, "Trusted computing in"},
    {0xa3, 0, "Maintenance in"},
    {0xa3, 5, "Send key"},
    {0xa4, 0, "Maintenance out"},
    {0xa4, 5, "Report key"},
    {0xa5, 0, "Move medium"},
    {0xa5, 5, "Play audio(12)"},
    {0xa6, 0, "Exchange medium"},
    {0xa6, 5, "Load/unload cd/dvd"},
    {0xa7, 0, "Move medium attached"},
    {0xa7, 5, "Set read ahead"},
    {0xa8, 0, "Read(12)"},
    {0xa9, 0, "Service action out(12)"},
    {0xaa, 0, "Write(12)"},
    {0xab, 0, "Service action in(12)"},
    {0xac, 0, "erase(12)"},
    {0xac, 5, "Get performance"},
    {0xad, 5, "Read dvd structure"},
    {0xae, 0, "Write and verify(12)"},
    {0xaf, 0, "Verify(12)"},
    {0xb0, 0, "Search data high(12)"},
    {0xb1, 0, "Search data equal(12)"},
    {0xb2, 0, "Search data low(12)"},
    {0xb3, 0, "Set limits(12)"},
    {0xb4, 0, "Read element status attached"},
    {0xb5, 0, "Trusted computing out"},
    {0xb5, 8, "Request volume element address"},
    {0xb6, 0, "Set volume tag"},
    {0xb6, 5, "Set streaming"},
    {0xb7, 0, "Read defect data(12)"},
    {0xb8, 0, "Read element status"},
    {0xb9, 0, "Read CD msf"},
    {0xba, 0, "Redundancy group in"},
    {0xba, 5, "Scan"},
    {0xbb, 0, "Redundancy group out"},
    {0xbb, 5, "Set CD speed"},
    {0xbc, 0, "Spare in"},
    {0xbd, 0, "Spare out"},
    {0xbd, 5, "Mechanism status"},
    {0xbe, 0, "Volume set in"},
    {0xbe, 5, "Read CD"},
    {0xbf, 0, "Volume set out"},
    {0xbf, 5, "Send DVD structure"},
};

#define NORMAL_OPCODES_SZ \
        (int)(sizeof(normal_opcodes) / sizeof(normal_opcodes[0]))


static const struct value_name_t maint_in_arr[] = {
    {0x5, 0, "Report device identifier"},
    {0xa, 0, "Report target port groups"},
    {0xb, 0, "Report aliases"},
    {0xc, 0, "Report supported operation codes"},
    {0xd, 0, "Report supported task management functions"},
    {0xe, 0, "Report priority"},
};

#define MAINT_IN_SZ \
        (int)(sizeof(maint_in_arr) / sizeof(maint_in_arr[0]))

static const struct value_name_t maint_out_arr[] = {
    {0x6, 0, "Set device identifier"},
    {0xa, 0, "Set target port groups"},
    {0xb, 0, "Change aliases"},
    {0xe, 0, "Set priority"},
};

#define MAINT_OUT_SZ \
        (int)(sizeof(maint_out_arr) / sizeof(maint_out_arr[0]))

static const struct value_name_t serv_in12_arr[] = {
    {0x1, 0, "Read media serial number"},
};

#define SERV_IN12_SZ  \
        (int)(sizeof(serv_in12_arr) / sizeof(serv_in12_arr[0]))

static const struct value_name_t serv_out12_arr[] = {
    {0xff, 0, "Impossible command name"},
};

#define SERV_OUT12_SZ \
        (int)(sizeof(serv_out12_arr) / sizeof(serv_in12_arr[0]))

static const struct value_name_t serv_in16_arr[] = {
    {0x10, 1, "Read capacity(16)"},
    {0x11, 1, "Read long(16)"},
};

#define SERV_IN16_SZ  \
        (int)(sizeof(serv_in16_arr) / sizeof(serv_in16_arr[0]))

static const struct value_name_t serv_out16_arr[] = {
    {0x11, 1, "Write long(16)"},
    {0x1f, 0x12, "Notify data transfer device(16)"},
};

#define SERV_OUT16_SZ \
        (int)(sizeof(serv_out16_arr) / sizeof(serv_in16_arr[0]))

static const struct value_name_t variable_length_arr[] = {
    {0x1, 0, "Rebuild(32)"},
    {0x2, 0, "Regenerate(32)"},
    {0x3, 0, "Xdread(32)"},
    {0x4, 0, "Xdwrite(32)"},
    {0x5, 0, "Xdwrite extended(32)"},
    {0x6, 0, "Xpwrite(32)"},
    {0x7, 0, "Xdwriteread(32)"},
    {0x8, 0, "Xdwrite extended(64)"},
    {0x9, 0, "Read(32)"},
    {0xa, 0, "Verify(32)"},
    {0xb, 0, "Write(32)"},
    {0xc, 0, "Write an verify(32)"},
    {0xd, 0, "Write same(32)"},
    {0x8801, 0, "Format OSD"},
    {0x8802, 0, "Create (osd)"},
    {0x8803, 0, "List (osd)"},
    {0x8805, 0, "Read (osd)"},
    {0x8806, 0, "Write (osd)"},
    {0x8807, 0, "Append (osd)"},
    {0x8808, 0, "Flush (osd)"},
    {0x880a, 0, "Remove (osd)"},
    {0x880b, 0, "Create partition (osd)"},
    {0x880c, 0, "Remove partition (osd)"},
    {0x880e, 0, "Get attributes (osd)"},
    {0x880f, 0, "Set attributes (osd)"},
    {0x8812, 0, "Create and write (osd)"},
    {0x8815, 0, "Create collection (osd)"},
    {0x8816, 0, "Remove collection (osd)"},
    {0x8817, 0, "List collection (osd)"},
    {0x8818, 0, "Set key (osd)"},
    {0x8819, 0, "Set master key (osd)"},
    {0x881a, 0, "Flush collection (osd)"},
    {0x881b, 0, "Flush partition (osd)"},
    {0x881c, 0, "Flush OSD"},
    {0x8f7e, 0, "Perform SCSI command (osd)"},
    {0x8f7f, 0, "Perform task management function (osd)"},
};

#define VARIABLE_LENGTH_SZ \
        (int)(sizeof(variable_length_arr) / sizeof(variable_length_arr[0]))


/* searches 'arr' for match on 'value' then 'peri_type'. If matches
   'value' but not 'peri_type' the yields first 'value' match entry.
   There are 'arr_sz' elements of 'arr', if no match yields NULL. */
static const struct value_name_t * get_value_name(
        const struct value_name_t * arr, int arr_sz, int value, int peri_type)
{
    const struct value_name_t * maxp = arr + arr_sz;
    const struct value_name_t * vp = arr;
    const struct value_name_t * holdp;

    for (; vp < maxp; ++vp) {
        if (value == vp->value) {
            if (peri_type == vp->peri_dev_type)
                return vp;
            holdp = vp;
            while (((vp + 1) < maxp) && 
                   (value == (vp + 1)->value)) {
                ++vp;
                if (peri_type == vp->peri_dev_type)
                    return vp;
            }
            return holdp;
        }
    }
    return NULL;
}

void sg_set_warnings_str(FILE * warnings_str)
{
    sg_warnings_str = warnings_str;
}

#define CMD_BUFF_LEN 64

void sg_print_command(const unsigned char * command) 
{
    int k, sz;
    char buff[CMD_BUFF_LEN];

    sg_get_command_name(command, 0, CMD_BUFF_LEN, buff);
    buff[CMD_BUFF_LEN - 1] = '\0';

    if (NULL == sg_warnings_str)
        sg_warnings_str = stderr;
    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "%s [", buff);
    if (SG_VARIABLE_LENGTH_CMD == command[0]) 
        sz = command[7] + 8;
    else
        sz = sg_get_command_size(command[0]);
    for (k = 0; k < sz; ++k)
        fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "%02x ", command[k]);
    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "]\n");
}

void sg_print_status(int masked_status) 
{
    int scsi_status = (masked_status << 1) & 0x7e;

    sg_print_scsi_status(scsi_status);
}

void sg_print_scsi_status(int scsi_status) 
{
    const char * ccp;

    scsi_status &= 0x7e; /* sanitize as much as possible */
    switch (scsi_status) {
        case 0: ccp = "Good"; break;
        case 0x2: ccp = "Check Condition"; break;
        case 0x4: ccp = "Condition Met"; break;
        case 0x8: ccp = "Busy"; break;
        case 0x10: ccp = "Intermediate"; break;
        case 0x14: ccp = "Intermediate-Condition Met"; break;
        case 0x18: ccp = "Reservation Conflict"; break;
        case 0x22: ccp = "Command Terminated (obsolete)"; break;
        case 0x28: ccp = "Task set Full"; break;
        case 0x30: ccp = "ACA Active"; break;
        case 0x40: ccp = "Task Aborted"; break;
        default: ccp = "Unknown status"; break;
    }
    if (NULL == sg_warnings_str)
        sg_warnings_str = stderr;
    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "%s ", ccp);
}

struct error_info{
    unsigned char code1, code2;
    const char * text;
};

struct error_info2{
    unsigned char code1, code2_min, code2_max;
    const char * text;
};

static struct error_info2 additional2[] =
{
  {0x40,0x00,0x7f,"Ram failure [0x%x]"},
  {0x40,0x80,0xff,"Diagnostic failure on component [0x%x]"},
  {0x41,0x00,0xff,"Data path failure [0x%x]"},
  {0x42,0x00,0xff,"Power-on or self-test failure [0x%x]"},
  {0x4d,0x00,0xff,"Tagged overlapped commands [0x%x]"},
  {0x70,0x00,0xff,"Decompression exception short algorithm id of 0x%x"},
  {0, 0, 0, NULL}
};

static struct error_info additional[] =
{
  {0x00,0x00,"No additional sense information"},
  {0x00,0x01,"Filemark detected"},
  {0x00,0x02,"End-of-partition/medium detected"},
  {0x00,0x03,"Setmark detected"},
  {0x00,0x04,"Beginning-of-partition/medium detected"},
  {0x00,0x05,"End-of-data detected"},
  {0x00,0x06,"I/O process terminated"},
  {0x00,0x11,"Audio play operation in progress"},
  {0x00,0x12,"Audio play operation paused"},
  {0x00,0x13,"Audio play operation successfully completed"},
  {0x00,0x14,"Audio play operation stopped due to error"},
  {0x00,0x15,"No current audio status to return"},
  {0x00,0x16,"operation in progress"},
  {0x00,0x17,"Cleaning requested"},
  {0x00,0x18,"Erase operation in progress"},
  {0x00,0x19,"Locate operation in progress"},
  {0x00,0x1a,"Rewind operation in progress"},
  {0x00,0x1b,"Set capacity operation in progress"},
  {0x00,0x1c,"Verify operation in progress"},
  {0x01,0x00,"No index/sector signal"},
  {0x02,0x00,"No seek complete"},
  {0x03,0x00,"Peripheral device write fault"},
  {0x03,0x01,"No write current"},
  {0x03,0x02,"Excessive write errors"},
  {0x04,0x00,"Logical unit not ready, cause not reportable"},
  {0x04,0x01,"Logical unit is in process of becoming ready"},
  {0x04,0x02,"Logical unit not ready, " 
                "initializing command required"},
  {0x04,0x03,"Logical unit not ready, " 
                "manual intervention required"},
  {0x04,0x04,"Logical unit not ready, format in progress"},
  {0x04,0x05,"Logical unit not ready, rebuild in progress"},
  {0x04,0x06,"Logical unit not ready, recalculation in progress"},
  {0x04,0x07,"Logical unit not ready, operation in progress"},
  {0x04,0x08,"Logical unit not ready, long write in progress"},
  {0x04,0x09,"Logical unit not ready, self-test in progress"},
  {0x04,0x0a,"Logical unit " 
                "not accessible, asymmetric access state transition"},
  {0x04,0x0b,"Logical unit " 
                "not accessible, target port in standby state"},
  {0x04,0x0c,"Logical unit " 
                "not accessible, target port in unavailable state"},
  {0x04,0x10,"Logical unit not ready, "
                "auxiliary memory not accessible"},
  {0x04,0x11,"Logical unit not ready, "
                "notify (enable spinup) required"},
  {0x04,0x12,"Logical unit not ready, offline"},
  {0x05,0x00,"Logical unit does not respond to selection"},
  {0x06,0x00,"No reference position found"},
  {0x07,0x00,"Multiple peripheral devices selected"},
  {0x08,0x00,"Logical unit communication failure"},
  {0x08,0x01,"Logical unit communication time-out"},
  {0x08,0x02,"Logical unit communication parity error"},
  {0x08,0x03,"Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)"},
  {0x08,0x04,"Unreachable copy target"},
  {0x09,0x00,"Track following error"},
  {0x09,0x01,"Tracking servo failure"},
  {0x09,0x02,"Focus servo failure"},
  {0x09,0x03,"Spindle servo failure"},
  {0x09,0x04,"Head select fault"},
  {0x0A,0x00,"Error log overflow"},
  {0x0B,0x00,"Warning"},
  {0x0B,0x01,"Warning - specified temperature exceeded"},
  {0x0B,0x02,"Warning - enclosure degraded"},
  {0x0C,0x00,"Write error"},
  {0x0C,0x01,"Write error - recovered with auto reallocation"},
  {0x0C,0x02,"Write error - auto reallocation failed"},
  {0x0C,0x03,"Write error - recommend reassignment"},
  {0x0C,0x04,"Compression check miscompare error"},
  {0x0C,0x05,"Data expansion occurred during compression"},
  {0x0C,0x06,"Block not compressible"},
  {0x0C,0x07,"Write error - recovery needed"},
  {0x0C,0x08,"Write error - recovery failed"},
  {0x0C,0x09,"Write error - loss of streaming"},
  {0x0C,0x0A,"Write error - padding blocks added"},
  {0x0C,0x0B,"Auxiliary memory write error"},
  {0x0C,0x0C,"Write error - unexpected unsolicited data"},
  {0x0C,0x0D,"Write error - not enough unsolicited data"},
  {0x0D,0x00,"Error detected by third party temporary initiator"},
  {0x0D,0x01,"Third party device failure"},
  {0x0D,0x02,"Copy target device not reachable"},
  {0x0D,0x03,"Incorrect copy target device"},
  {0x0D,0x04,"Copy target device underrun"},
  {0x0D,0x05,"Copy target device overrun"},
  {0x0E,0x00,"Invalid information unit"},
  {0x0E,0x01,"Information unit too short"},
  {0x0E,0x02,"Information unit too long"},
  {0x10,0x00,"Id CRC or ECC error"},
  {0x10,0x01,"Data block guard check failed"},
  {0x10,0x02,"Data block application tag check failed"},
  {0x10,0x03,"Data block reference tag check failed"},
  {0x11,0x00,"Unrecovered read error"},
  {0x11,0x01,"Read retries exhausted"},
  {0x11,0x02,"Error too long to correct"},
  {0x11,0x03,"Multiple read errors"},
  {0x11,0x04,"Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed"},
  {0x11,0x05,"L-EC uncorrectable error"},
  {0x11,0x06,"CIRC unrecovered error"},
  {0x11,0x07,"Data re-synchronization error"},
  {0x11,0x08,"Incomplete block read"},
  {0x11,0x09,"No gap found"},
  {0x11,0x0A,"Miscorrected error"},
  {0x11,0x0B,"Unrecovered read error - recommend reassignment"},
  {0x11,0x0C,"Unrecovered read error - recommend rewrite the data"},
  {0x11,0x0D,"De-compression CRC error"},
  {0x11,0x0E,"Cannot decompress using declared algorithm"},
  {0x11,0x0F,"Error reading UPC/EAN number"},
  {0x11,0x10,"Error reading ISRC number"},
  {0x11,0x11,"Read error - loss of streaming"},
  {0x11,0x12,"Auxiliary memory read error"},
  {0x11,0x13,"Read error - failed retransmission request"},
  {0x12,0x00,"Address mark not found for id field"},
  {0x13,0x00,"Address mark not found for data field"},
  {0x14,0x00,"Recorded entity not found"},
  {0x14,0x01,"Record not found"},
  {0x14,0x02,"Filemark or setmark not found"},
  {0x14,0x03,"End-of-data not found"},
  {0x14,0x04,"Block sequence error"},
  {0x14,0x05,"Record not found - recommend reassignment"},
  {0x14,0x06,"Record not found - data auto-reallocated"},
  {0x14,0x07,"Locate operation failure"},
  {0x15,0x00,"Random positioning error"},
  {0x15,0x01,"Mechanical positioning error"},
  {0x15,0x02,"Positioning error detected by read of medium"},
  {0x16,0x00,"Data synchronization mark error"},
  {0x16,0x01,"Data sync error - data rewritten"},
  {0x16,0x02,"Data sync error - recommend rewrite"},
  {0x16,0x03,"Data sync error - data auto-reallocated"},
  {0x16,0x04,"Data sync error - recommend reassignment"},
  {0x17,0x00,"Recovered data with no error correction applied"},
  {0x17,0x01,"Recovered data with retries"},
  {0x17,0x02,"Recovered data with positive head offset"},
  {0x17,0x03,"Recovered data with negative head offset"},
  {0x17,0x04,"Recovered data with retries and/or circ applied"},
  {0x17,0x05,"Recovered data using previous sector id"},
  {0x17,0x06,"Recovered data without ecc - data auto-reallocated"},
  {0x17,0x07,"Recovered data without ecc - recommend reassignment"},
  {0x17,0x08,"Recovered data without ecc - recommend rewrite"},
  {0x17,0x09,"Recovered data without ecc - data rewritten"},
  {0x18,0x00,"Recovered data with error correction applied"},
  {0x18,0x01,"Recovered data with error corr. & retries applied"},
  {0x18,0x02,"Recovered data - data auto-reallocated"},
  {0x18,0x03,"Recovered data with CIRC"},
  {0x18,0x04,"Recovered data with L-EC"},
  {0x18,0x05,"Recovered data - recommend reassignment"},
  {0x18,0x06,"Recovered data - recommend rewrite"},
  {0x18,0x07,"Recovered data with ecc - data rewritten"},
  {0x18,0x08,"Recovered data with linking"},
  {0x19,0x00,"Defect list error"},
  {0x19,0x01,"Defect list not available"},
  {0x19,0x02,"Defect list error in primary list"},
  {0x19,0x03,"Defect list error in grown list"},
  {0x1A,0x00,"Parameter list length error"},
  {0x1B,0x00,"Synchronous data transfer error"},
  {0x1C,0x00,"Defect list not found"},
  {0x1C,0x01,"Primary defect list not found"},
  {0x1C,0x02,"Grown defect list not found"},
  {0x1D,0x00,"Miscompare during verify operation"},
  {0x1E,0x00,"Recovered id with ecc correction"},
  {0x1F,0x00,"Partial defect list transfer"},
  {0x20,0x00,"Invalid command operation code"},
  {0x20,0x01,"Access denied - initiator pending-enrolled"},
  {0x20,0x02,"Access denied - no access rights"},
  {0x20,0x03,"Access denied - no mgmt id key"},
  {0x20,0x04,"Illegal command while in write capable state"},
  {0x20,0x05,"Obsolete"},
  {0x20,0x06,"Illegal command while in explicit address mode"},
  {0x20,0x07,"Illegal command while in implicit address mode"},
  {0x20,0x08,"Access denied - enrollment conflict"},
  {0x20,0x09,"Access denied - invalid LU identifier"},
  {0x20,0x0A,"Access denied - invalid proxy token"},
  {0x20,0x0B,"Access denied - ACL LUN conflict"},
  {0x21,0x00,"Logical block address out of range"},
  {0x21,0x01,"Invalid element address"},
  {0x21,0x02,"Invalid address for write"},
  {0x22,0x00,"Illegal function (use 20 00,24 00,or 26 00)"},
  {0x24,0x00,"Invalid field in cdb"},
  {0x24,0x01,"CDB decryption error"},
  {0x24,0x04,"Security audit value frozen"},
  {0x24,0x05,"Security working key frozen"},
  {0x24,0x06,"Nonce not unique"},
  {0x24,0x07,"Nonce timestamp out of range"},
  {0x25,0x00,"Logical unit not supported"},
  {0x26,0x00,"Invalid field in parameter list"},
  {0x26,0x01,"Parameter not supported"},
  {0x26,0x02,"Parameter value invalid"},
  {0x26,0x03,"Threshold parameters not supported"},
  {0x26,0x04,"Invalid release of persistent reservation"},
  {0x26,0x05,"Data decryption error"},
  {0x26,0x06,"Too many target descriptors"},
  {0x26,0x07,"Unsupported target descriptor type code"},
  {0x26,0x08,"Too many segment descriptors"},
  {0x26,0x09,"Unsupported segment descriptor type code"},
  {0x26,0x0A,"Unexpected inexact segment"},
  {0x26,0x0B,"Inline data length exceeded"},
  {0x26,0x0C,"Invalid operation for copy source or destination"},
  {0x26,0x0D,"Copy segment granularity violation"},
  {0x26,0x0E,"Invalid parameter while port is enabled"},
  {0x26,0x0F,"Invalid data-out buffer integrity"},
  {0x27,0x00,"Write protected"},
  {0x27,0x01,"Hardware write protected"},
  {0x27,0x02,"Logical unit software write protected"},
  {0x27,0x03,"Associated write protect"},
  {0x27,0x04,"Persistent write protect"},
  {0x27,0x05,"Permanent write protect"},
  {0x27,0x06,"Conditional write protect"},
  {0x28,0x00,"Not ready to ready change, medium may have changed"},
  {0x28,0x01,"Import or export element accessed"},
  {0x29,0x00,"Power on, reset, or bus device reset occurred"},
  {0x29,0x01,"Power on occurred"},
  {0x29,0x02,"SCSI bus reset occurred"},
  {0x29,0x03,"Bus device reset function occurred"},
  {0x29,0x04,"Device internal reset"},
  {0x29,0x05,"Transceiver mode changed to single-ended"},
  {0x29,0x06,"Transceiver mode changed to lvd"},
  {0x29,0x07,"I_T nexus loss occurred"},
  {0x2A,0x00,"Parameters changed"},
  {0x2A,0x01,"Mode parameters changed"},
  {0x2A,0x02,"Log parameters changed"},
  {0x2A,0x03,"Reservations preempted"},
  {0x2A,0x04,"Reservations released"},
  {0x2A,0x05,"Registrations preempted"},
  {0x2A,0x06,"Asymmetric access state changed"},
  {0x2A,0x07,"Implicit asymmetric access state transition failed"},
  {0x2A,0x08,"Priority changed"},
  {0x2A,0x09,"Capacity data has changed"},
  {0x2B,0x00,"Copy cannot execute since host cannot disconnect"},
  {0x2C,0x00,"Command sequence error"},
  {0x2C,0x01,"Too many windows specified"},
  {0x2C,0x02,"Invalid combination of windows specified"},
  {0x2C,0x03,"Current program area is not empty"},
  {0x2C,0x04,"Current program area is empty"},
  {0x2C,0x05,"Illegal power condition request"},
  {0x2C,0x06,"Persistent prevent conflict"},
  {0x2C,0x07,"Previous busy status"},
  {0x2C,0x08,"Previous task set full status"},
  {0x2C,0x09,"Previous reservation conflict status"},
  {0x2C,0x0A,"Partition or collection contains user objects"},
  {0x2C,0x0B,"Not reserved"},
  {0x2D,0x00,"Overwrite error on update in place"},
  {0x2E,0x00,"Insufficient time for operation"},
  {0x2F,0x00,"Commands cleared by another initiator"},
  {0x30,0x00,"Incompatible medium installed"},
  {0x30,0x01,"Cannot read medium - unknown format"},
  {0x30,0x02,"Cannot read medium - incompatible format"},
  {0x30,0x03,"Cleaning cartridge installed"},
  {0x30,0x04,"Cannot write medium - unknown format"},
  {0x30,0x05,"Cannot write medium - incompatible format"},
  {0x30,0x06,"Cannot format medium - incompatible medium"},
  {0x30,0x07,"Cleaning failure"},
  {0x30,0x08,"Cannot write - application code mismatch"},
  {0x30,0x09,"Current session not fixated for append"},
  {0x30,0x0A,"Cleaning request rejected"},
  {0x30,0x0C,"WORM medium, overwrite attempted"},
  {0x30,0x10,"Medium not formatted"},
  {0x31,0x00,"Medium format corrupted"},
  {0x31,0x01,"Format command failed"},
  {0x31,0x02,"Zoned formatting failed due to spare linking"},
  {0x32,0x00,"No defect spare location available"},
  {0x32,0x01,"Defect list update failure"},
  {0x33,0x00,"Tape length error"},
  {0x34,0x00,"Enclosure failure"},
  {0x35,0x00,"Enclosure services failure"},
  {0x35,0x01,"Unsupported enclosure function"},
  {0x35,0x02,"Enclosure services unavailable"},
  {0x35,0x03,"Enclosure services transfer failure"},
  {0x35,0x04,"Enclosure services transfer refused"},
  {0x35,0x05,"Enclosure services checksum error"},
  {0x36,0x00,"Ribbon,ink,or toner failure"},
  {0x37,0x00,"Rounded parameter"},
  {0x38,0x00,"Event status notification"},
  {0x38,0x02,"Esn - power management class event"},
  {0x38,0x04,"Esn - media class event"},
  {0x38,0x06,"Esn - device busy class event"},
  {0x39,0x00,"Saving parameters not supported"},
  {0x3A,0x00,"Medium not present"},
  {0x3A,0x01,"Medium not present - tray closed"},
  {0x3A,0x02,"Medium not present - tray open"},
  {0x3A,0x03,"Medium not present - loadable"},
  {0x3A,0x04,"Medium not present - medium auxiliary memory accessible"},
  {0x3B,0x00,"Sequential positioning error"},
  {0x3B,0x01,"Tape position error at beginning-of-medium"},
  {0x3B,0x02,"Tape position error at end-of-medium"},
  {0x3B,0x03,"Tape or electronic vertical forms unit not ready, "},
  {0x3B,0x04,"Slew failure"},
  {0x3B,0x05,"Paper jam"},
  {0x3B,0x06,"Failed to sense top-of-form"},
  {0x3B,0x07,"Failed to sense bottom-of-form"},
  {0x3B,0x08,"Reposition error"},
  {0x3B,0x09,"Read past end of medium"},
  {0x3B,0x0A,"Read past beginning of medium"},
  {0x3B,0x0B,"Position past end of medium"},
  {0x3B,0x0C,"Position past beginning of medium"},
  {0x3B,0x0D,"Medium destination element full"},
  {0x3B,0x0E,"Medium source element empty"},
  {0x3B,0x0F,"End of medium reached"},
  {0x3B,0x11,"Medium magazine not accessible"},
  {0x3B,0x12,"Medium magazine removed"},
  {0x3B,0x13,"Medium magazine inserted"},
  {0x3B,0x14,"Medium magazine locked"},
  {0x3B,0x15,"Medium magazine unlocked"},
  {0x3B,0x16,"Mechanical positioning or changer error"},
  {0x3B,0x17,"Read past end of user object"},
  {0x3D,0x00,"Invalid bits in identify message"},
  {0x3E,0x00,"Logical unit has not self-configured yet"},
  {0x3E,0x01,"Logical unit failure"},
  {0x3E,0x02,"Timeout on logical unit"},
  {0x3E,0x03,"Logical unit failed self-test"},
  {0x3E,0x04,"Logical unit unable to update self-test log"},
  {0x3F,0x00,"Target operating conditions have changed"},
  {0x3F,0x01,"Microcode has been changed"},
  {0x3F,0x02,"Changed operating definition"},
  {0x3F,0x03,"Inquiry data has changed"},
  {0x3F,0x04,"Component device attached"},
  {0x3F,0x05,"Device identifier changed"},
  {0x3F,0x06,"Redundancy group created or modified"},
  {0x3F,0x07,"Redundancy group deleted"},
  {0x3F,0x08,"Spare created or modified"},
  {0x3F,0x09,"Spare deleted"},
  {0x3F,0x0A,"Volume set created or modified"},
  {0x3F,0x0B,"Volume set deleted"},
  {0x3F,0x0C,"Volume set deassigned"},
  {0x3F,0x0D,"Volume set reassigned"},
  {0x3F,0x0E,"Reported luns data has changed"},
  {0x3F,0x10,"Medium loadable"},
  {0x3F,0x11,"Medium auxiliary memory accessible"},
  /*
   * ASC 0x40, 0x41 and 0x42 overridden by "additional2" array entries
   * so there is no need to have them here.
   */
  /* {0x40,0x00,D,"Ram failure (should use 40 nn)"}, */
  /* {0x40,0x80,SC_ALL_DEVS,"Diagnostic failure on component nn (80h-ffh)"}, */
  /* {0x41,0x00,D,"Data path failure (should use 40 nn)"}, */
  {0x42,0x00,"Power-on or self-test failure (should use 40 nn)"},
  {0x43,0x00,"Message error"},
  {0x44,0x00,"Internal target failure"},
  {0x45,0x00,"Select or reselect failure"},
  {0x46,0x00,"Unsuccessful soft reset"},
  {0x47,0x00,"SCSI parity error"},
  {0x47,0x01,"Data phase CRC error detected"},
  {0x47,0x02,"SCSI parity error detected during st data phase"},
  {0x47,0x03,"Information unit CRC error detected"},
  {0x47,0x04,"Asynchronous information protection error detected"},
  {0x47,0x05,"Protocol service CRC error"},
  {0x47,0x7F,"Some commands cleared by iSCSI protocol event"},
  {0x48,0x00,"Initiator detected error message received"},
  {0x49,0x00,"Invalid message error"},
  {0x4A,0x00,"Command phase error"},
  {0x4B,0x00,"Data phase error"},
  {0x4B,0x01,"Invalid target port transfer tag received"},
  {0x4B,0x02,"Too much write data"},
  {0x4B,0x03,"Ack/nak timeout"},
  {0x4B,0x04,"Nak received"},
  {0x4B,0x05,"Data offset error"},
  {0x4B,0x06,"Initiator response timeout"},
  {0x4C,0x00,"Logical unit failed self-configuration"},
  /*
   * ASC 0x4D overridden by an "additional2" array entry
   * so there is no need to have them here.
   */
  /* {0x4D,0x00,SC_ALL_DEVS,"Tagged overlapped commands (nn = queue tag)"}, */
  {0x4E,0x00,"Overlapped commands attempted"},
  {0x50,0x00,"Write append error"},
  {0x50,0x01,"Write append position error"},
  {0x50,0x02,"Position error related to timing"},
  {0x51,0x00,"Erase failure"},
  {0x51,0x01,"Erase failure - incomplete erase operation detected"},
  {0x52,0x00,"Cartridge fault"},
  {0x53,0x00,"Media load or eject failed"},
  {0x53,0x01,"Unload tape failure"},
  {0x53,0x02,"Medium removal prevented"},
  {0x54,0x00,"SCSI to host system interface failure"},
  {0x55,0x00,"System resource failure"},
  {0x55,0x01,"System buffer full"},
  {0x55,0x02,"Insufficient reservation resources"},
  {0x55,0x03,"Insufficient resources"},
  {0x55,0x04,"Insufficient registration resources"},
  {0x55,0x05,"Insufficient access control resources"},
  {0x55,0x06,"Auxiliary memory out of space"},
  {0x55,0x07,"Quota error"},
  {0x57,0x00,"Unable to recover table-of-contents"},
  {0x58,0x00,"Generation does not exist"},
  {0x59,0x00,"Updated block read"},
  {0x5A,0x00,"Operator request or state change input"},
  {0x5A,0x01,"Operator medium removal request"},
  {0x5A,0x02,"Operator selected write protect"},
  {0x5A,0x03,"Operator selected write permit"},
  {0x5B,0x00,"Log exception"},
  {0x5B,0x01,"Threshold condition met"},
  {0x5B,0x02,"Log counter at maximum"},
  {0x5B,0x03,"Log list codes exhausted"},
  {0x5C,0x00,"Rpl status change"},
  {0x5C,0x01,"Spindles synchronized"},
  {0x5C,0x02,"Spindles not synchronized"},
  {0x5D,0x00,"Failure prediction threshold exceeded"},
  {0x5D,0x01,"Media failure prediction threshold exceeded"},
  {0x5D,0x02,"Logical unit failure prediction threshold exceeded"},
  {0x5D,0x03,"spare area exhaustion prediction threshold exceeded"},
  {0x5D,0x10,"Hardware impending failure general hard drive failure"},
  {0x5D,0x11,"Hardware impending failure drive error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x12,"Hardware impending failure data error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x13,"Hardware impending failure seek error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x14,"Hardware impending failure too many block reassigns"},
  {0x5D,0x15,"Hardware impending failure access times too high" },
  {0x5D,0x16,"Hardware impending failure start unit times too high" },
  {0x5D,0x17,"Hardware impending failure channel parametrics"},
  {0x5D,0x18,"Hardware impending failure controller detected"},
  {0x5D,0x19,"Hardware impending failure throughput performance"},
  {0x5D,0x1A,"Hardware impending failure seek time performance"},
  {0x5D,0x1B,"Hardware impending failure spin-up retry count"},
  {0x5D,0x1C,"Hardware impending failure drive calibration retry count"},
  {0x5D,0x20,"Controller impending failure general hard drive failure"},
  {0x5D,0x21,"Controller impending failure drive error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x22,"Controller impending failure data error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x23,"Controller impending failure seek error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x24,"Controller impending failure too many block reassigns"},
  {0x5D,0x25,"Controller impending failure access times too high" },
  {0x5D,0x26,"Controller impending failure start unit times too high" },
  {0x5D,0x27,"Controller impending failure channel parametrics"},
  {0x5D,0x28,"Controller impending failure controller detected"},
  {0x5D,0x29,"Controller impending failure throughput performance"},
  {0x5D,0x2A,"Controller impending failure seek time performance"},
  {0x5D,0x2B,"Controller impending failure spin-up retry count"},
  {0x5D,0x2C,"Controller impending failure drive calibration retry count"},
  {0x5D,0x30,"Data channel impending failure general hard drive failure"},
  {0x5D,0x31,"Data channel impending failure drive error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x32,"Data channel impending failure data error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x33,"Data channel impending failure seek error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x34,"Data channel impending failure too many block reassigns"},
  {0x5D,0x35,"Data channel impending failure access times too high" },
  {0x5D,0x36,"Data channel impending failure start unit times too high" },
  {0x5D,0x37,"Data channel impending failure channel parametrics"},
  {0x5D,0x38,"Data channel impending failure controller detected"},
  {0x5D,0x39,"Data channel impending failure throughput performance"},
  {0x5D,0x3A,"Data channel impending failure seek time performance"},
  {0x5D,0x3B,"Data channel impending failure spin-up retry count"},
  {0x5D,0x3C,"Data channel impending failure drive calibration retry count"},
  {0x5D,0x40,"Servo impending failure general hard drive failure"},
  {0x5D,0x41,"Servo impending failure drive error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x42,"Servo impending failure data error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x43,"Servo impending failure seek error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x44,"Servo impending failure too many block reassigns"},
  {0x5D,0x45,"Servo impending failure access times too high" },
  {0x5D,0x46,"Servo impending failure start unit times too high" },
  {0x5D,0x47,"Servo impending failure channel parametrics"},
  {0x5D,0x48,"Servo impending failure controller detected"},
  {0x5D,0x49,"Servo impending failure throughput performance"},
  {0x5D,0x4A,"Servo impending failure seek time performance"},
  {0x5D,0x4B,"Servo impending failure spin-up retry count"},
  {0x5D,0x4C,"Servo impending failure drive calibration retry count"},
  {0x5D,0x50,"Spindle impending failure general hard drive failure"},
  {0x5D,0x51,"Spindle impending failure drive error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x52,"Spindle impending failure data error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x53,"Spindle impending failure seek error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x54,"Spindle impending failure too many block reassigns"},
  {0x5D,0x55,"Spindle impending failure access times too high" },
  {0x5D,0x56,"Spindle impending failure start unit times too high" },
  {0x5D,0x57,"Spindle impending failure channel parametrics"},
  {0x5D,0x58,"Spindle impending failure controller detected"},
  {0x5D,0x59,"Spindle impending failure throughput performance"},
  {0x5D,0x5A,"Spindle impending failure seek time performance"},
  {0x5D,0x5B,"Spindle impending failure spin-up retry count"},
  {0x5D,0x5C,"Spindle impending failure drive calibration retry count"},
  {0x5D,0x60,"Firmware impending failure general hard drive failure"},
  {0x5D,0x61,"Firmware impending failure drive error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x62,"Firmware impending failure data error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x63,"Firmware impending failure seek error rate too high" },
  {0x5D,0x64,"Firmware impending failure too many block reassigns"},
  {0x5D,0x65,"Firmware impending failure access times too high" },
  {0x5D,0x66,"Firmware impending failure start unit times too high" },
  {0x5D,0x67,"Firmware impending failure channel parametrics"},
  {0x5D,0x68,"Firmware impending failure controller detected"},
  {0x5D,0x69,"Firmware impending failure throughput performance"},
  {0x5D,0x6A,"Firmware impending failure seek time performance"},
  {0x5D,0x6B,"Firmware impending failure spin-up retry count"},
  {0x5D,0x6C,"Firmware impending failure drive calibration retry count"},
  {0x5D,0xFF,"Failure prediction threshold exceeded (false)"},
  {0x5E,0x00,"Low power condition on"},
  {0x5E,0x01,"Idle condition activated by timer"},
  {0x5E,0x02,"Standby condition activated by timer"},
  {0x5E,0x03,"Idle condition activated by command"},
  {0x5E,0x04,"Standby condition activated by command"},
  {0x5E,0x41,"Power state change to active"},
  {0x5E,0x42,"Power state change to idle"},
  {0x5E,0x43,"Power state change to standby"},
  {0x5E,0x45,"Power state change to sleep"},
  {0x5E,0x47,"Power state change to device control"},
  {0x60,0x00,"Lamp failure"},
  {0x61,0x00,"Video acquisition error"},
  {0x61,0x01,"Unable to acquire video"},
  {0x61,0x02,"Out of focus"},
  {0x62,0x00,"Scan head positioning error"},
  {0x63,0x00,"End of user area encountered on this track"},
  {0x63,0x01,"Packet does not fit in available space"},
  {0x64,0x00,"Illegal mode for this track"},
  {0x64,0x01,"Invalid packet size"},
  {0x65,0x00,"Voltage fault"},
  {0x66,0x00,"Automatic document feeder cover up"},
  {0x66,0x01,"Automatic document feeder lift up"},
  {0x66,0x02,"Document jam in automatic document feeder"},
  {0x66,0x03,"Document miss feed automatic in document feeder"},
  {0x67,0x00,"Configuration failure"},
  {0x67,0x01,"Configuration of incapable logical units failed"},
  {0x67,0x02,"Add logical unit failed"},
  {0x67,0x03,"Modification of logical unit failed"},
  {0x67,0x04,"Exchange of logical unit failed"},
  {0x67,0x05,"Remove of logical unit failed"},
  {0x67,0x06,"Attachment of logical unit failed"},
  {0x67,0x07,"Creation of logical unit failed"},
  {0x67,0x08,"Assign failure occurred"},
  {0x67,0x09,"Multiply assigned logical unit"},
  {0x67,0x0A,"Set target port groups command failed"},
  {0x68,0x00,"Logical unit not configured"},
  {0x69,0x00,"Data loss on logical unit"},
  {0x69,0x01,"Multiple logical unit failures"},
  {0x69,0x02,"Parity/data mismatch"},
  {0x6A,0x00,"Informational,refer to log"},
  {0x6B,0x00,"State change has occurred"},
  {0x6B,0x01,"Redundancy level got better"},
  {0x6B,0x02,"Redundancy level got worse"},
  {0x6C,0x00,"Rebuild failure occurred"},
  {0x6D,0x00,"Recalculate failure occurred"},
  {0x6E,0x00,"Command to logical unit failed"},
  {0x6F,0x00,"Copy protection key exchange failure - authentication failure"},
  {0x6F,0x01,"Copy protection key exchange failure - key not present"},
  {0x6F,0x02,"Copy protection key exchange failure - key not established"},
  {0x6F,0x03,"Read of scrambled sector without authentication"},
  {0x6F,0x04,"Media region code is mismatched to logical unit region"},
  {0x6F,0x05,"Drive region must be permanent/region reset count error"},
  /*
   * ASC 0x70 overridden by an "additional2" array entry
   * so there is no need to have them here.
   */
  /* {0x70,0x00,T,"Decompression exception short algorithm id of nn"}, */
  {0x71,0x00,"Decompression exception long algorithm id"},
  {0x72,0x00,"Session fixation error"},
  {0x72,0x01,"Session fixation error writing lead-in"},
  {0x72,0x02,"Session fixation error writing lead-out"},
  {0x72,0x03,"Session fixation error - incomplete track in session"},
  {0x72,0x04,"Empty or partially written reserved track"},
  {0x72,0x05,"No more track reservations allowed"},
  {0x73,0x00,"Cd control error"},
  {0x73,0x01,"Power calibration area almost full"},
  {0x73,0x02,"Power calibration area is full"},
  {0x73,0x03,"Power calibration area error"},
  {0x73,0x04,"Program memory area update failure"},
  {0x73,0x05,"Program memory area is full"},
  {0x73,0x06,"RMA/PMA is full"},
  {0, 0, NULL}
};

static const char *sense_key_desc[] = {
    "No Sense",                 /* There is no sense information */
    "Recovered Error",          /* The last command completed successfully
                                   but used error correction */
    "Not Ready",                /* The addressed target is not ready */
    "Medium Error",             /* Data error detected on the medium */
    "Hardware Error",           /* Controller or device failure */
    "Illegal Request",
    "Unit Attention",           /* Removable medium was changed, or
                                   the target has been reset */
    "Data Protect",             /* Access to the data is blocked */
    "Blank Check",              /* Reached unexpected written or unwritten
                                   region of the medium */
    "Key=9",                    /* Vendor specific */
    "Copy Aborted",             /* COPY or COMPARE was aborted */
    "Aborted Command",          /* The target aborted the command */
    "Equal",                    /* SEARCH DATA found data equal (obsolete) */
    "Volume Overflow",          /* Medium full with still data to be written */
    "Miscompare",               /* Source data and data on the medium
                                   do not agree */
    "Key=15"                    /* Reserved */
};

void sg_get_asc_ascq_str(int asc, int ascq, int buff_len, char * buff)
{
    int k, num;
    int found = 0;
    struct error_info * eip;
    struct error_info2 * ei2p;

    for (k = 0; additional2[k].text; ++k) {
        ei2p = &additional2[k];
        if ((ei2p->code1 == asc) &&
            (ascq >= ei2p->code2_min)  &&
            (ascq <= ei2p->code2_max)) {
            found = 1;
            num = snprintf(buff, buff_len, "Additional sense: ");
            num += snprintf(buff + num, buff_len - num, ei2p->text, ascq);
            snprintf(buff + num, buff_len - num, "\n");
        }
    }
    if (found)
        return;

    for (k = 0; additional[k].text; ++k) {
        eip = &additional[k];
        if (eip->code1 == asc &&
            eip->code2 == ascq) {
            found = 1;
            snprintf(buff, buff_len, "Additional sense: %s\n", eip->text);
        }
    }
    if (! found) {
        if (asc >= 0x80)
            snprintf(buff, buff_len, "vendor specific ASC=%2x, ASCQ=%2x\n",
                     asc, ascq);
        else if (ascq >= 0x30)
            snprintf(buff, buff_len, "ASC=%2x, vendor specific ASCQ=%2x\n",
                     asc, ascq);
        else
            snprintf(buff, buff_len, "ASC=%2x, ASCQ=%2x\n", asc, ascq);
    }
}

const unsigned char * sg_scsi_sense_desc_find(const unsigned char * sensep,
                                              int sense_len, int desc_type)
{
    int add_sen_len, add_len, desc_len, k;
    const unsigned char * descp;

    if ((sense_len < 8) || ((sensep[0] & 0x7f) >= 0x72) ||
        (0 == (add_sen_len = sensep[7])))
        return NULL;
    add_sen_len = (add_sen_len < (sense_len - 8)) ?
                         add_sen_len : (sense_len - 8);
    descp = &sensep[8];
    for (desc_len = 0, k = 0; k < add_sen_len; k += desc_len) {
        descp += desc_len;
        add_len = (k < (add_sen_len - 1)) ? descp[1]: -1;
        desc_len = add_len + 2;
        if (descp[0] == desc_type)
            return descp;
        if (add_len < 0) // short descriptor ??
            break;
    }
    return NULL;
}

/* Print descriptor format sense descriptors (assumes sense buffer is
   in descriptor format) */
static void sg_print_sense_descriptors(const unsigned char * sense_buffer,
                                       int sb_len)
{
    int add_sen_len, add_len, desc_len, k, j, sense_key;
    const unsigned char * descp;

    if (NULL == sg_warnings_str)
        sg_warnings_str = stderr;
    if ((sb_len < 8) || (0 == (add_sen_len = sense_buffer[7])))
        return;
    add_sen_len = (add_sen_len < (sb_len - 8)) ? add_sen_len : (sb_len - 8);
    descp = &sense_buffer[8];
    sense_key = (sense_buffer[1] & 0xf);
    for (desc_len = 0, k = 0; k < add_sen_len; k += desc_len) {
        descp += desc_len;
        add_len = (k < (add_sen_len - 1)) ? descp[1]: -1;
        desc_len = add_len + 2;
        fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "  Descriptor type: ");
        switch (descp[0]) {
        case 0:
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "Information\n");
            if ((add_len >= 10) && (0x80 & descp[2])) {
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "    0x");
                for (j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
                    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "%02x", descp[4 + j]);
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "\n");
            }
            break;
        case 1:
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "Command specific\n");
            if (add_len >= 10) {
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "    0x");
                for (j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
                    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "%02x", descp[4 + j]);
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "\n");
            }
            break;
        case 2:
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "Sense key specific:");
            switch (sense_key) {
            case ILLEGAL_REQUEST:
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " Field pointer\n");
                if (add_len < 6)
                    break;
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "    Error in %s byte %d",
                        (descp[4] & 0x40) ? "Command" : "Data",
                        (descp[5] << 8) | descp[6]);
                if (descp[4] & 0x08) {
                    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " bit %d\n", descp[4] & 0x07);
                } else
                    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "\n");
                break;
            case HARDWARE_ERROR:
            case MEDIUM_ERROR:
            case RECOVERED_ERROR:
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " Actual retry count\n");
                if (add_len < 6)
                    break;
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "    0x%02x%02x\n", descp[5],
                        descp[6]);
                break;
            case NO_SENSE:
            case NOT_READY:
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " Progress indication\n");
                if (add_len < 6)
                    break;
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "    0x%02x%02x\n", descp[5],
                        descp[6]);
                break;
            case COPY_ABORTED:
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " Segment pointer\n");
                if (add_len < 6)
                    break;
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "    Relative to start of %s, byte %d",
                        (descp[4] & 0x20) ? "segment descriptor" : 
                                            "parameter list",
                        (descp[5] << 8) | descp[6]);
                if (descp[4] & 0x08) {
                    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " bit %d\n", descp[4] & 0x07);
                } else
                    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "\n");
                break;
            default:
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " Sense_key: 0x%x unexpected\n",
                        sense_key);
                break;
            }
            break;
        case 3:
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "Field replaceable unit\n");
            if (add_len >= 2)
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "    0x%x\n", descp[3]);
            break;
        case 4:
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "Stream commands\n");
            if (add_len >= 2) {
                if (descp[3] & 0x80)
                    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "    FILEMARK");
                if (descp[3] & 0x40)
                    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "    End Of Medium (EOM)");
                if (descp[3] & 0x20)
                    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "    Incorrect Length Indicator "
                            "(ILI)");
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "\n");
            }
            break;
        case 5:
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "Block commands\n");
            if (add_len >= 2)
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "    Incorrect Length Indicator "
                        "(ILI) %s\n", (descp[3] & 0x20) ? "set" : "clear");
            break;
        case 6:
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "OSD object identification\n");
            break;
        case 7:
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "OSD response integrity check value\n");
            break;
        case 8:
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "OSD attribute identification\n");
            break;
        default:
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "Unknown or vendor specific [0x%x]\n",
                    descp[0]);
            if (add_len > 0) {
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "    ");
                for (j = 0; (j < add_len) && ((k + j + 2) < add_sen_len);
                     ++j) {
                    if ((j > 0) && (0 == (j % 24)))
                        fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "\n    ");
                    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "%02x ", descp[j + 2]);
                }
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "\n");
            }
            break;
        }
        if (add_len < 0) {
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "    short descriptor\n");
            break;
        }
    }
}

/* Print sense information */
void sg_print_sense(const char * leadin, const unsigned char * sense_buffer,
                    int sb_len)
{
    int k, len, valid;
    unsigned int info;
    int descriptor_format = 0;
    const char * error = NULL;
    char error_buff[64];
    char add_sense[128];
    struct sg_scsi_sense_hdr ssh;

    if (NULL == sg_warnings_str)
        sg_warnings_str = stderr;
    if (sb_len < 1) {
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "sense buffer empty\n");
            return;
    }
    if (leadin)
        fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "%s: ", leadin);
    len = sb_len;
    if (sg_scsi_normalize_sense(sense_buffer, sb_len, &ssh)) {
        switch (ssh.response_code) {
        case 0x70:      /* fixed, current */
            error = "Fixed format, current"; 
            len = (sb_len > 7) ? (sense_buffer[7] + 8) : sb_len;
            len = (len > sb_len) ? sb_len : len;
            break;
        case 0x71:      /* fixed, deferred */
            /* error related to a previous command */
            error = "Fixed format, <<<deferred>>>";
            len = (sb_len > 7) ? (sense_buffer[7] + 8) : sb_len;
            len = (len > sb_len) ? sb_len : len;
            break;
        case 0x72:      /* descriptor, current */
            descriptor_format = 1;
            error = "Descriptor format, current";
            break;
        case 0x73:      /* descriptor, deferred */
            descriptor_format = 1;
            error = "Descriptor format, <<<deferred>>>";
            break;
        case 0x0:
            error = "Response code: 0x0 (?)";
            break;
        default:
            snprintf(error_buff, sizeof(error_buff), 
                     "Unknown response code: 0x%x", ssh.response_code);
            error = error_buff;
            break;
        }
        fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " %s;  Sense key: %s\n ", error,
                sense_key_desc[ssh.sense_key]);
        if (descriptor_format) {
            sg_get_asc_ascq_str(ssh.asc, ssh.ascq, sizeof(add_sense),
                                add_sense);
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "%s", add_sense);
            sg_print_sense_descriptors(sense_buffer, len);
        } else if (len > 2) {   /* fixed format */
            if (len > 12) {
                sg_get_asc_ascq_str(ssh.asc, ssh.ascq, sizeof(add_sense),
                                    add_sense);
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "%s", add_sense);
            }
            valid = sense_buffer[0] & 0x80;
            if (len > 6) {
                info = (unsigned int)((sense_buffer[3] << 24) |
                        (sense_buffer[4] << 16) | (sense_buffer[5] << 8) |
                        sense_buffer[6]);
                if (valid)
                    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "  Info fld=0x%x [%u] ", info,
                            info);
                else if (info > 0)
                    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "  vendor specific Info "
                            "fld=0x%x ", info);
            }
            if (sense_buffer[2] & 0x80)
               fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " FMK");
                        /* current command has read a filemark */
            if (sense_buffer[2] & 0x40)
               fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " EOM");
                        /* end-of-medium condition exists */
            if (sense_buffer[2] & 0x20)
               fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " ILI");
                        /* incorrect block length requested */
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "\n");
            if ((ssh.sense_key == ILLEGAL_REQUEST) && (len >= 18) &&
                (sense_buffer[15] & 0x80)) {
                fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "  Sense Key Specific: Error in "
                        "%s byte %d",
                        (sense_buffer[15] & 0x40) ? "Command" : "Data",
                        (sense_buffer[16] << 8) | sense_buffer[17]);
                if (sense_buffer[15] & 0x08) {
                    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " bit %d\n",
                            sense_buffer[15] & 0x07);
                } else {
                    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "\n");
                }
            }
        } else 
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " fixed descriptor length too short, "
                    "len=%d\n", len);
    } else {    /* non-extended sense data */

         /*
          * Standard says:
          *    sense_buffer[0] & 0200 : address valid
          *    sense_buffer[0] & 0177 : vendor-specific error code
          *    sense_buffer[1] & 0340 : vendor-specific
          *    sense_buffer[1..3] : 21-bit logical block address
          */

        if (sb_len < 4) {
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "sense buffer too short (4 byte "
                    "minimum)\n");
            return;
        }
        if (leadin)
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "%s: ", leadin);
        if (sense_buffer[0] < 15)
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "old sense: key %s\n",
                    sense_key_desc[sense_buffer[0] & 0x0f]);
        else
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "sns = %2x %2x\n", sense_buffer[0],
                    sense_buffer[2]);

        fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "Non-extended sense class %d code 0x%0x ", 
                (sense_buffer[0] >> 4) & 0x07, sense_buffer[0] & 0xf);
        len = 4;
    }

    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " Raw sense data (in hex):\n  ");
    for (k = 0; k < len; ++k) {
        if ((k > 0) && (0 == (k % 24)))
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "\n  ");
        fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "%02x ", sense_buffer[k]);
    }
    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "\n");
}

static const char * linux_host_bytes[] = {
    "DID_OK", "DID_NO_CONNECT", "DID_BUS_BUSY", "DID_TIME_OUT",
    "DID_BAD_TARGET", "DID_ABORT", "DID_PARITY", "DID_ERROR",
    "DID_RESET", "DID_BAD_INTR", "DID_PASSTHROUGH", "DID_SOFT_ERROR"
};

#define LINUX_HOST_BYTES_SZ \
        (int)(sizeof(linux_host_bytes) / sizeof(linux_host_bytes[0]))

void sg_print_host_status(int host_status)
{
    if (NULL == sg_warnings_str)
        sg_warnings_str = stderr;
    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "Host_status=0x%02x ", host_status);
    if ((host_status < 0) || (host_status >= LINUX_HOST_BYTES_SZ))
        fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "is invalid ");
    else
        fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "[%s] ", linux_host_bytes[host_status]);
}

static const char * linux_driver_bytes[] = {
    "DRIVER_OK", "DRIVER_BUSY", "DRIVER_SOFT", "DRIVER_MEDIA",
    "DRIVER_ERROR", "DRIVER_INVALID", "DRIVER_TIMEOUT", "DRIVER_HARD",
    "DRIVER_SENSE"
};

#define LINUX_DRIVER_BYTES_SZ \
    (int)(sizeof(linux_driver_bytes) / sizeof(linux_driver_bytes[0]))

static const char * linux_driver_suggests[] = {
    "SUGGEST_OK", "SUGGEST_RETRY", "SUGGEST_ABORT", "SUGGEST_REMAP",
    "SUGGEST_DIE", "UNKNOWN","UNKNOWN","UNKNOWN",
    "SUGGEST_SENSE"
};

#define LINUX_DRIVER_SUGGESTS_SZ \
    (int)(sizeof(linux_driver_suggests) / sizeof(linux_driver_suggests[0]))


void sg_print_driver_status(int driver_status)
{
    int driv, sugg;
    const char * driv_cp = "invalid";
    const char * sugg_cp = "invalid";

    driv = driver_status & SG_LIB_DRIVER_MASK;
    if (driv < LINUX_DRIVER_BYTES_SZ)
        driv_cp = linux_driver_bytes[driv];
    sugg = (driver_status & SG_LIB_SUGGEST_MASK) >> 4;
    if (sugg < LINUX_DRIVER_SUGGESTS_SZ)
        sugg_cp = linux_driver_suggests[sugg];
    if (NULL == sg_warnings_str)
        sg_warnings_str = stderr;
    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "Driver_status=0x%02x", driver_status);
    fprintf(sg_warnings_str, " [%s, %s] ", driv_cp, sugg_cp);
}

static int sg_sense_print(const char * leadin, int scsi_status,
                          int host_status, int driver_status,
                          const unsigned char * sense_buffer, int sb_len)
{
    int done_leadin = 0;
    int done_sense = 0;

    if (NULL == sg_warnings_str)
        sg_warnings_str = stderr;
    scsi_status &= 0x7e; /*sanity */
    if ((0 == scsi_status) && (0 == host_status) && (0 == driver_status))
        return 1;       /* No problems */
    if (0 != scsi_status) {
        if (leadin)
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "%s: ", leadin);
        done_leadin = 1;
        fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "SCSI status: ");
        sg_print_scsi_status(scsi_status);
        fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "\n");
        if (sense_buffer && ((scsi_status == SCSI_CHECK_CONDITION) ||
                             (scsi_status == SCSI_COMMAND_TERMINATED))) {
            /* SCSI_COMMAND_TERMINATED is obsolete */
            sg_print_sense(0, sense_buffer, sb_len);
            done_sense = 1;
        }
    }
    if (0 != host_status) {
        if (leadin && (! done_leadin))
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "%s: ", leadin);
        if (done_leadin)
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "plus...: ");
        else
            done_leadin = 1;
        sg_print_host_status(host_status);
        fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "\n");
    }
    if (0 != driver_status) {
        if (leadin && (! done_leadin))
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "%s: ", leadin);
        if (done_leadin)
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "plus...: ");
        else
            done_leadin = 1;
        sg_print_driver_status(driver_status);
        fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "\n");
        if (sense_buffer && (! done_sense) &&
            (SG_LIB_DRIVER_SENSE == (SG_LIB_DRIVER_MASK & driver_status)))
            sg_print_sense(0, sense_buffer, sb_len);
    }
    return 0;
}

int sg_scsi_normalize_sense(const unsigned char * sensep, int sb_len,
                            struct sg_scsi_sense_hdr * sshp)
{
    if (sshp)
        memset(sshp, 0, sizeof(struct sg_scsi_sense_hdr));
    if ((NULL == sensep) || (0 == sb_len) || (0x70 != (0x70 & sensep[0])))
        return 0;
    if (sshp) {
        sshp->response_code = (0x7f & sensep[0]);
        if (sshp->response_code >= 0x72) {  /* descriptor format */
            if (sb_len > 1)
                sshp->sense_key = (0xf & sensep[1]);
            if (sb_len > 2)
                sshp->asc = sensep[2];
            if (sb_len > 3)
                sshp->ascq = sensep[3];
            if (sb_len > 7)
                sshp->additional_length = sensep[7];
        } else {                              /* fixed format */
            if (sb_len > 2)
                sshp->sense_key = (0xf & sensep[2]);
            if (sb_len > 7) {
                sb_len = (sb_len < (sensep[7] + 8)) ? sb_len : 
                                                      (sensep[7] + 8);
                if (sb_len > 12)
                    sshp->asc = sensep[12];
                if (sb_len > 13)
                    sshp->ascq = sensep[13];
            }
        }
    }
    return 1;
}

#ifdef SG_IO

int sg_normalize_sense(const struct sg_io_hdr * hp,
                       struct sg_scsi_sense_hdr * sshp)
{
    if ((NULL == hp) || (0 == hp->sb_len_wr)) {
        if (sshp)
            memset(sshp, 0, sizeof(struct sg_scsi_sense_hdr));
        return 0;
    }
    return sg_scsi_normalize_sense(hp->sbp, hp->sb_len_wr, sshp);
}

int sg_chk_n_print3(const char * leadin, struct sg_io_hdr * hp)
{
    return sg_sense_print(leadin, hp->status, hp->host_status,
                          hp->driver_status, hp->sbp, hp->sb_len_wr);
}
#endif

int sg_chk_n_print(const char * leadin, int masked_status,
                   int host_status, int driver_status,
                   const unsigned char * sense_buffer, int sb_len)
{
    int scsi_status = (masked_status << 1) & 0x7e;

    return sg_sense_print(leadin, scsi_status, host_status, driver_status,
                          sense_buffer, sb_len);
}

#ifdef SG_IO
int sg_err_category3(struct sg_io_hdr * hp)
{
    return sg_err_category_new(hp->status, hp->host_status,
                               hp->driver_status, hp->sbp, hp->sb_len_wr);
}
#endif

int sg_err_category(int masked_status, int host_status,
                    int driver_status, const unsigned char * sense_buffer,
                    int sb_len)
{
    int scsi_status = (masked_status << 1) & 0x7e;

    return sg_err_category_new(scsi_status, host_status, driver_status,
                               sense_buffer, sb_len);
}

int sg_err_category_new(int scsi_status, int host_status, int driver_status, 
                        const unsigned char * sense_buffer, int sb_len)
{
    int masked_driver_status = (SG_LIB_DRIVER_MASK & driver_status);

    scsi_status &= 0x7e;
    if ((0 == scsi_status) && (0 == host_status) &&
        (0 == masked_driver_status))
        return SG_LIB_CAT_CLEAN;
    if ((SCSI_CHECK_CONDITION == scsi_status) ||
        (SCSI_COMMAND_TERMINATED == scsi_status) ||
        (SG_LIB_DRIVER_SENSE == masked_driver_status)) {
        struct sg_scsi_sense_hdr ssh;

        if ((sense_buffer && (sb_len > 2)) &&
            (sg_scsi_normalize_sense(sense_buffer, sb_len, &ssh))) {
            if (RECOVERED_ERROR == ssh.sense_key)
                return SG_LIB_CAT_RECOVERED;
            else if (UNIT_ATTENTION == ssh.sense_key) {
                if (0x28 == ssh.asc)
                    return SG_LIB_CAT_MEDIA_CHANGED;
                if (0x29 == ssh.asc)
                    return SG_LIB_CAT_RESET;
            }
            else if (ILLEGAL_REQUEST == ssh.sense_key) {
                if ((0x20 == ssh.asc) && (0x0 == ssh.ascq))
                    return SG_LIB_CAT_INVALID_OP;
            }
        }
        return SG_LIB_CAT_SENSE;
    }
    if (0 != host_status) {
        if ((SG_LIB_DID_NO_CONNECT == host_status) ||
            (SG_LIB_DID_BUS_BUSY == host_status) ||
            (SG_LIB_DID_TIME_OUT == host_status))
            return SG_LIB_CAT_TIMEOUT;
    }
    if (SG_LIB_DRIVER_TIMEOUT == masked_driver_status)
        return SG_LIB_CAT_TIMEOUT;
    return SG_LIB_CAT_OTHER;
}

/* gives wrong answer for variable length command (opcode=0x7f) */
int sg_get_command_size(unsigned char opcode)
{
    switch ((opcode >> 5) & 0x7) {
    case 0:
        return 6;
    case 1: case 2: case 6: case 7:
        return 10;
    case 3: case 5:
        return 12;
        break;
    case 4:
        return 16;
    default:
        return 10;
    }
}

void sg_get_command_name(const unsigned char * cmdp, int peri_type,
                         int buff_len, char * buff)
{
    unsigned char service_action;

    if ((NULL == buff) || (buff_len < 1))
        return;
    if (NULL == cmdp) {
        strncpy(buff, "<null> command pointer", buff_len);
        return;
    }
    service_action = (SG_VARIABLE_LENGTH_CMD == cmdp[0]) ?
                     (cmdp[1] & 0x1f) : ((cmdp[8] << 8) | cmdp[9]);
    sg_get_opcode_sa_name(cmdp[0], service_action, peri_type, buff_len, buff);
}


void sg_get_opcode_sa_name(unsigned char cmd_byte0, int service_action,
                           int peri_type, int buff_len, char * buff)
{
    const struct value_name_t * vnp;

    if ((NULL == buff) || (buff_len < 1))
        return;
    switch ((int)cmd_byte0) {
    case SG_VARIABLE_LENGTH_CMD:
        vnp = get_value_name(variable_length_arr, VARIABLE_LENGTH_SZ,
                             service_action, peri_type);
        if (vnp)
            strncpy(buff, vnp->name, buff_len);
        else
            snprintf(buff, buff_len, "Variable length service action=0x%x",
                     service_action);
        break;
    case SG_MAINTENANCE_IN:
        vnp = get_value_name(maint_in_arr, MAINT_IN_SZ, service_action, 
                             peri_type);
        if (vnp)
            strncpy(buff, vnp->name, buff_len);
        else
            snprintf(buff, buff_len, "Maintenance in service action=0x%x",
                     service_action);
        break;
    case SG_MAINTENANCE_OUT:
        vnp = get_value_name(maint_out_arr, MAINT_OUT_SZ, service_action, 
                             peri_type);
        if (vnp)
            strncpy(buff, vnp->name, buff_len);
        else
            snprintf(buff, buff_len, "Maintenance out service action=0x%x",
                     service_action);
        break;
    case SG_SERVICE_ACTION_IN_12:
        vnp = get_value_name(serv_in12_arr, SERV_IN12_SZ, service_action, 
                             peri_type);
        if (vnp)
            strncpy(buff, vnp->name, buff_len);
        else
            snprintf(buff, buff_len, "Service action in(12)=0x%x",
                     service_action);
        break;
    case SG_SERVICE_ACTION_OUT_12:
        vnp = get_value_name(serv_out12_arr, SERV_OUT12_SZ, service_action,
                             peri_type);
        if (vnp)
            strncpy(buff, vnp->name, buff_len);
        else
            snprintf(buff, buff_len, "Service action out(12)=0x%x",
                     service_action);
        break;
    case SG_SERVICE_ACTION_IN_16:
        vnp = get_value_name(serv_in16_arr, SERV_IN16_SZ, service_action, 
                             peri_type);
        if (vnp)
            strncpy(buff, vnp->name, buff_len);
        else
            snprintf(buff, buff_len, "Service action in(16)=0x%x",
                     service_action);
        break;
    case SG_SERVICE_ACTION_OUT_16:
        vnp = get_value_name(serv_out16_arr, SERV_OUT16_SZ, service_action,
                             peri_type);
        if (vnp)
            strncpy(buff, vnp->name, buff_len);
        else
            snprintf(buff, buff_len, "Service action out(16)=0x%x",
                     service_action);
        break;
    default:
        sg_get_opcode_name(cmd_byte0, peri_type, buff_len, buff);
        break;
    }
}

void sg_get_opcode_name(unsigned char cmd_byte0, int peri_type, 
                        int buff_len, char * buff)
{
    const struct value_name_t * vnp;
    int grp;

    if ((NULL == buff) || (buff_len < 1))
        return;
    if (SG_VARIABLE_LENGTH_CMD == cmd_byte0) {
        strncpy(buff, "Variable length", buff_len);
        return;
    }
    grp = (cmd_byte0 >> 5) & 0x7;
    switch (grp) {
    case 0:
    case 1:
    case 2:
    case 4:
    case 5:
        vnp = get_value_name(normal_opcodes, NORMAL_OPCODES_SZ, cmd_byte0,
                             peri_type);
        if (vnp)
            strncpy(buff, vnp->name, buff_len);
        else
            snprintf(buff, buff_len, "Opcode=0x%x", (int)cmd_byte0);
        break;
    case 3:
        snprintf(buff, buff_len, "Reserved [0x%x]", (int)cmd_byte0);
        break;
    case 6:
    case 7:
        snprintf(buff, buff_len, "Vendor specific [0x%x]", (int)cmd_byte0);
        break;
    default:
        snprintf(buff, buff_len, "Opcode=0x%x", (int)cmd_byte0);
        break;
    }
}


/* safe_strerror() contributed by Clayton Weaver <cgweav at email dot com>
   Allows for situation in which strerror() is given a wild value (or the
   C library is incomplete) and returns NULL. Still not thread safe.
 */

static char safe_errbuf[64] = {'u', 'n', 'k', 'n', 'o', 'w', 'n', ' ',
                               'e', 'r', 'r', 'n', 'o', ':', ' ', 0};

char * safe_strerror(int errnum)
{
    size_t len;
    char * errstr;
  
    errstr = strerror(errnum);
    if (NULL == errstr) {
        len = strlen(safe_errbuf);
        snprintf(safe_errbuf + len, sizeof(safe_errbuf) - len, "%i", errnum);
        safe_errbuf[sizeof(safe_errbuf) - 1] = '\0';  /* bombproof */
        return safe_errbuf;
    }
    return errstr;
}


/* Note the ASCII-hex output goes to stdin. [All other output from functions
   in this file go to sg_warnings_str (default stderr).] 
   'no_ascii' allows for 3 output types:
       > 0     each line has address then up to 16 ASCII-hex bytes
       = 0     in addition, the bytes are listed in ASCII to the right
       < 0     only the ASCII-hex bytes are listed (up to 16 per line) */
void dStrHex(const char* str, int len, int no_ascii)
{
    const char* p = str;
    unsigned char c;
    char buff[82];
    int a = 0;
    const int bpstart = 5;
    const int cpstart = 60;
    int cpos = cpstart;
    int bpos = bpstart;
    int i, k;

    if (len <= 0)
        return;
    memset(buff,' ',80);
    buff[80]='\0';
    if (no_ascii < 0) {
        for (bpos = 0, k = 0; k < len; k++) {
            c = *p++;
            sprintf(&buff[bpos], "%.2x", (int)(unsigned char)c);
            buff[bpos + 2] = ' ';
            bpos += 3;
            if ((k > 0) && (0 == ((k + 1) % 16))) {
                printf("%.50s\n", buff);
                bpos = 0;
                memset(buff,' ',80);
            }
        }
        if (bpos > 0)
            printf("%.50s\n", buff);
        return;
    }
    /* no_ascii>=0, start each line with address (offset) */
    k = sprintf(buff + 1, "%.2x", a);
    buff[k + 1] = ' ';
    if (bpos >= ((bpstart + (9 * 3))))
        bpos++;

    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
        c = *p++;
        bpos += 3;
        if (bpos == (bpstart + (9 * 3)))
            bpos++;
        sprintf(&buff[bpos], "%.2x", (int)(unsigned char)c);
        buff[bpos + 2] = ' ';
        if (no_ascii)
            buff[cpos++] = ' ';
        else {
            if ((c < ' ') || (c >= 0x7f))
                c='.';
            buff[cpos++] = c;
        }
        if (cpos > (cpstart+15)) {
            printf("%s\n", buff);
            bpos = bpstart;
            cpos = cpstart;
            a += 16;
            memset(buff,' ',80);
            k = sprintf(buff + 1, "%.2x", a);
            buff[k + 1] = ' ';
        }
    }
    if (cpos > cpstart)
        printf("%s\n", buff);
}

/* If the number in 'buf' can be decoded or the multiplier is unknown
   then -1 is returned. Accepts a hex prefix (0x or 0X) or a decimal
   multiplier suffix. */
int sg_get_num(char * buf)
{
    int res, num;
    unsigned int unum;
    char c = 'c';

    if ((NULL == buf) || ('\0' == buf[0]))
        return -1;
    if (('0' == buf[0]) && (('x' == buf[1]) || ('X' == buf[1]))) {
        res = sscanf(buf + 2, "%x", &unum);
        num = (int)unum;
    } else
        res = sscanf(buf, "%d%c", &num, &c);
    if (1 == res)
        return num;
    else if (2 != res)
        return -1;
    else {
        switch (c) {
        case 'c':
        case 'C':
            return num;
        case 'b':
        case 'B':
            return num * 512;
        case 'k':
            return num * 1024;
        case 'K':
            return num * 1000;
        case 'm':
            return num * 1024 * 1024;
        case 'M':
            return num * 1000000;
        case 'g':
            return num * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
        case 'G':
            return num * 1000000000;
        default:
            if (NULL == sg_warnings_str)
                sg_warnings_str = stderr;
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "unrecognized multiplier\n");
            return -1;
        }
    }
}

/* If the number in 'buf' can be decoded or the multiplier is unknown
   then -1LL is returned. Accepts a hex prefix (0x or 0X) or a decimal
   multiplier suffix. */
long long sg_get_llnum(char * buf)
{
    int res;
    long long num;
    unsigned long long unum;
    char c = 'c';

    if ((NULL == buf) || ('\0' == buf[0]))
        return -1LL;
    if (('0' == buf[0]) && (('x' == buf[1]) || ('X' == buf[1]))) {
        res = sscanf(buf + 2, "%llx", &unum);
        num = unum;
    } else
        res = sscanf(buf, "%lld%c", &num, &c);
    if (1 == res)
        return num;
    else if (2 != res)
        return -1LL;
    else {
        switch (c) {
        case 'c':
        case 'C':
            return num;
        case 'b':
        case 'B':
            return num * 512;
        case 'k':
            return num * 1024;
        case 'K':
            return num * 1000;
        case 'm':
            return num * 1024 * 1024;
        case 'M':
            return num * 1000000;
        case 'g':
            return num * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
        case 'G':
            return num * 1000000000;
        case 't':
            return num * 1024LL * 1024LL * 1024LL * 1024LL;
        case 'T':
            return num * 1000000000000LL;
        default:
            if (NULL == sg_warnings_str)
                sg_warnings_str = stderr;
            fprintf(sg_warnings_str, "unrecognized multiplier\n");
            return -1LL;
        }
    }
}

const char * sg_lib_version()
{
    return version_str;
}