biography/article.json - main - githubmirror/llm_multiagent_debate

biography/article.json
526 строк571 KB
Yilun Du
add code
23 май 2023, 18:49
23 май 2023, 18:49de63b0b
{
    "Aaron Sloman": "- Aaron Sloman is a philosopher and researcher on artificial intelligence and cognitive science\n- He held the Chair in Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science at the School of Computer Science at the University of Birmingham and previously at the University of Sussex\n- Sloman has published widely on philosophy of mathematics, epistemology, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence and collaborated with biologist Jackie Chappell on the evolution of intelligence\n- He was born in Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) to Lithuanian Jewish parents, and went to school in Cape Town before earning a degree in Mathematics and Physics at the University of Cape Town and a DPhil in philosophy at the University of Oxford\n- Sloman's philosophical ideas were influenced by Immanuel Kant, Gottlob Frege, Karl Popper and others, and his work in AI by Marvin Minsky and John McCarthy\n- He is a Fellow of several AI and philosophy associations and received the K. Jon Barwise Prize for contributions to philosophy and computing from the American Philosophical Association in 2020\n- Sloman has published numerous papers and presentations, including The Computer Revolution in Philosophy, which emphasized the importance of architectures in AI and philosophy",
    "Abhay Bhushan": "\n\n- Abhay Bhushan Pandey is an Indian computer scientist.\n- He made significant contributions to the development of the Internet TCP/IP architecture.\n- He is the author of the File Transfer Protocol and early versions of email protocols.\n- He graduated from the first batch of Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur in 1965 with a B.Tech in electrical engineering.\n- He received a Masters in electrical engineering and a degree in Management from the MIT Sloan School of Management.\n- He worked on developing FTP and email protocols for ARPANet and subsequent Internet.\n- He was a Director at the Institute of Engineering and Rural Technology in Allahabad and a senior manager in Engineering and Development of Xerox.\n- He was a co-founder of YieldUP International and Portola Communications.\n- He is currently chairman of Asquare Inc., Secretary of Indians for Collective Action and former President of the IIT-Kanpur Foundation.",
    "Adam Dunkels": "- Adam Dunkels is a Swedish computer scientist and entrepreneur\n- He is the founder of Thingsquare, an Internet of things product development business\n- Dunkels focuses on computer networking technology and distributed communication for small embedded systems and devices\n- He attended the Swedish Institute of Computer Science, earning a B.S., M.S., and Ph.D.\n- Dunkels is known for his work on the uIP and lwIP TCP/IP Internet protocol suite and for inventing protothreads and the operating system Contiki\n- He co-authored the book Interconnecting Smart Objects with IP: the Next Internet and founded the Internet Protocol for Smart Objects Alliance\n- Dunkels has received various awards for his work, including the TR35 list of top innovators under 35 and the ACM SIGOPS EuroSys Roger Needham PhD award\n- His small implementations have been used in commercial products by companies such as ABB, Cisco Systems, and Volvo Technology\n- Some of his notable implementations include Protothreads, uIP, Contiki, and lwIP.",
    "Adele Goldberg (computer scientist)": "- Adele Goldberg is an American computer scientist, born July 22, 1945 in Cleveland, Ohio.\n- She co-developed the programming language Smalltalk-80 and various concepts related to object-oriented programming at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) in the 1970s.\n- Goldberg earned a bachelor's degree in mathematics at the University of Michigan in 1967, and a master's (1969) and PhD (1973) in information science at the University of Chicago, where she completed her dissertation while working at Stanford University.\n- Goldberg served as manager of the System Concepts Laboratory at PARC, where she developed Smalltalk-80 with Alan Kay and other researchers, introducing a programming environment of overlapping windows on graphic display screens.\n- Many of Goldberg's concepts became the basis for graphical user interfaces, and Steve Jobs demanded a demonstration of the Smalltalk System before incorporating ideas into Apple's Macintosh environment.\n- Goldberg left PARC in 1988 to cofound ParcPlace Systems, a company that created development tools for Smalltalk-based applications, and cofounded Neometron, Inc. in 1999, an Internet support provider.\n- Goldberg has received numerous awards and honors, including the ACM Software Systems Award in 1987 and admission to the Women in Technology International Hall of Fame in 2010.\n- The Computer History Museum has a collection of Goldberg's working documents, reports, publications, and videos related to her work on Smalltalk.\n- Goldberg's publications include books on Smalltalk-80: The Language and Its Implementation (1983), The Interactive Programming Environment (1983), and The Language (1989).",
    "Adi Shamir": "\n\n- Adi Shamir is an Israeli cryptographer.\n- He co-invented the RSA algorithm with Ron Rivest and Len Adleman.\n- He is also a co-inventor of the Feige-Fiat-Shamir identification scheme with Uriel Feige and Amos Fiat.\n- He has made contributions to the field of cryptography and computer science, including the discovery of differential cryptanalysis.\n- He received a BSc in mathematics from Tel Aviv University and an MSc and PhD in Computer Science from the Weizmann Institute.\n- He has received numerous awards and honors, including the ACM Turing Award, the Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award, and the Japan Prize in the field of Electronics, Information and Communication.\n- He was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) and a Member of the American Philosophical Society.",
    "Adriaan van Wijngaarden": "\n\n- Adriaan \"Aad\" van Wijngaarden was a Dutch mathematician and computer scientist who promoted the mathematical aspects of computing.\n- He received a degree in mechanical engineering from Delft University of Technology in 1939.\n- Van Wijngaarden became head of the Computing Department of the Mathematisch Centrum (MC) in Amsterdam in 1947.\n- He worked on the construction of the first Dutch computer, the ARRA, in 1952.\n- Van Wijngaarden was one of the designers of the original ALGOL language and later ALGOL 68.\n- He developed a two-level type of formal grammar known as a Van Wijngaarden grammar.\n- In 1962, he became a member of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) IFIP Working Group 2.1 on Algorithmic Languages and Calculi.\n- The Van Wijngaarden Awards are named in his honor and are awarded every 5 years from the 60th anniversary of the Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica in 2006.\n- Four individuals have been awarded the Van Wijngaarden Awards so far: Nancy Lynch, Persi Diaconis, \u00c9va Tardos, John C. Butcher, Xavier Leroy, Sara van de Geer, Marta Kwiatkowska, and Susan Murphy.\n- Van Wijngaarden died on February 7, 1987.",
    "Alan Dix": "\n\n- Alan John Dix is a British author, researcher, and university professor specializing in human-computer interaction (HCI).\n- He is one of the four co-authors of the university-level textbook Human-Computer Interaction.\n- Dix is the Director of the Computational Foundry at Swansea University since May 2018.\n- He was previously a professor at Lancaster University.\n- Dix has authored several books, including Human-Computer Interaction (1st, 2nd, and 3rd editions) and Formal Methods for Interactive Systems.\n- He has also contributed to the book People and Computers III with a chapter titled \"Myth of the Infinitely Fast Machine.\"\n- Additionally, Dix has a personal website and has been a part of the International Mathematical Olympiad.",
    "Alan Edelman": "\n\n- Alan Stuart Edelman is a mathematician and computer scientist.\n- He is a professor of applied mathematics at MIT and a Principal Investigator at the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL).\n- In 2004, he founded Interactive Supercomputing which was later acquired by Microsoft.\n- Edelman is a fellow of various prestigious societies and academies in the field such as American Mathematical Society, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and Association for Computing Machinery.\n- His research interests include high-performance computing, numerical computation, linear algebra, and random matrix theory.\n- Edelman is known for his contributions to the Julia programming language, parallel computing, and the Future Fast Fourier transform.\n- He has received numerous awards for his research including the Gordon Bell Prize, Chauvenet Prize, and Lester R. Ford Award, among others.\n- He became a Fellow of SIAM in 2011, the American Mathematical Society in 2015, an IEEE Fellow Class in 2018, and an ACM Fellow of Class 2020.\n- Edelman\u2019s contributions to random matrix theory and numerical linear algebra are notable.",
    "Alan Kay": "- Alan Curtis Kay is an American computer scientist.\n- He is known for his pioneering work on object-oriented programming and windowing graphical user interface design.\n- He led the design and development of the first modern windowed computer desktop interface at Xerox PARC.\n- He also led the development of the influential object-oriented programming language Smalltalk.\n- He has been elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Royal Society of Arts.\n- He received the Turing award in 2003.\n- Kay is a former professional jazz guitarist, composer, and theatrical designer.\n- He is also an amateur classical pipe organist.\n- Kay attended the University of Utah College of Engineering and worked with David C. Evans and Ivan Sutherland.\n- He joined the Xerox PARC research staff in Palo Alto, California in 1970.\n- Kay conceived the Dynabook concept, a key progenitor of laptop and tablet computers and the e-book.\n- He has worked as Chief Scientist at Atari and an Apple Fellow.\n- Kay founded the Viewpoints Research Institute in 2001, a nonprofit organization dedicated to children, learning, and advanced software development.\n- He collaborated with others to start the open source Squeak version of Smalltalk.\n- Kay has lectured extensively on the idea that the computer revolution is very new, and all of the good ideas have not been universally implemented.\n- He has received many awards and honors, including the ACM Turing Award and honorary doctorates from several universities.",
    "Alan Mycroft": "\n\n- Alan Mycroft is a professor at the Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge.\n- He is a Fellow of Robinson College, Cambridge, and the director of studies for computer science.\n- Mycroft completed his PhD in Edinburgh with a thesis on Abstract interpretation and optimising transformations for applicative programs.\n- His research interests are in programming languages, software engineering, and algorithms.\n- Mycroft co-created the Norcroft C compiler with Arthur Norman.\n- He is also a named trustee of the Raspberry Pi Foundation, a charitable organization that promotes basic computer science education.\n- Mycroft has four children.",
    "Alan Perlis": "\n\n- Alan Jay Perlis was an American computer scientist and professor at Purdue University, Carnegie Mellon University, and Yale University.\n- He was born in Pittsburgh in 1922 and received his bachelor's degree in chemistry from Carnegie Institute of Technology in 1943.\n- He earned a master's and Ph.D. in mathematics at MIT and wrote his dissertation on \"Integral Equations, Their Solution by Iteration and Analytic Continuation.\"\n- Perlis participated in Project Whirlwind in 1952 and was eventually appointed the first head of the computer science department at Carnegie Mellon University.\n- In 1962, he was elected president of the Association for Computing Machinery and won the first Turing Award in 1966 for his work on the programming language ALGOL and Internal Translator.\n- Perlis moved to Yale University in 1971 to take the chair of computer science and was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1977.\n- He wrote an article, \"Epigrams on Programming,\" in 1982, distilling his programming wisdom into one-sentence quotes.\n- He passed away in 1990 and left behind a notable list of publications, including \"An Introductory Course in Computer Programming\" and \"In Praise of APL: A Language for Lyrical Programming.\"",
    "Alberto Ciaramella": "- Alberto Ciaramella is an Italian computer engineer and scientist.\n- He obtained a Laurea in Electronic Engineering and the Post-Laurea in 1969 at La Sapienza University in Rome.\n- Ciaramella is notable for extensive pioneering contributions in the field of speech technologies and applied natural language processing.\n- He has published 40 papers and holds four patents.\n- Ciaramella worked at CSELT as a research engineer and co-authored some of the first international patents for speech recognition and speaker recognition.\n- He co-founded IntelliSemantic and continues research in applied language technologies.\n- In 2010 he co-authored a paper about the application of emerging \"semantic\" technologies to patent analysis.\n- Ciaramella participated in European projects focused on speech recognition and dialogue systems on many European languages, such as Italian.",
    "Alexander Dewdney": "- Alexander Keewatin Dewdney is a Canadian mathematician, computer scientist, author, filmmaker, and conspiracy theorist. \n- He was born in London, Ontario and is the son of Canadian artist and author Selwyn Dewdney.\n- He has made a number of experimental films including Malanga, Four Girls, Scissors, and the Maltese Cross Movement. He has also written two novels: The Planiverse and Hungry Hollow: The Story of a Natural Place.\n- Dewdney has written a number of books on mathematics, computing, and bad science and founded and edited a magazine on recreational programming called Algorithm. \n- He was a co-inventor of programming game Core War and has worked on biology as a field ecologist and mathematical biologist. \n- Dewdney is a member of the 9/11 truth movement and has theorized that the planes used in the September 11 attacks were flown by remote control.\n- He has published over 10 books on scientific possibilities and puzzles.",
    "Alexander Stepanov": "- Alexander Alexandrovich Stepanov is a Russian-American computer programmer.\n- He is an advocate of generic programming and is best known as the primary designer and implementer of the C++ Standard Template Library.\n- He started to develop the C++ Standard Template Library in 1992 while employed at HP Labs.\n- He convinced his colleagues at General Electric Research and Development to pursue generic programming and developed an Ada library for list processing in 1987.\n- He recognized that C++ was more likely to become widely used and provide good support for generic programming, leading to the development of the C++ Standard Template Library.\n- He is also the author of two books, Elements of Programming (with Paul McJones) and From Mathematics to Generic Programming (with Daniel E. Rose).\n- He retired from A9.com in January 2016.",
    "Alfred Aho": "\n\n- Alfred Vaino Aho is a Canadian computer scientist.\n- He is best known for his work on programming languages, compilers, and related algorithms, and his textbooks on the art and science of computer programming.\n- Aho was elected into the National Academy of Engineering in 1999 for his contributions to the fields of algorithms and programming tools.\n- He and his long-time collaborator Jeffrey Ullman are the recipients of the 2020 Turing Award, generally recognized as the highest distinction in computer science.\n- He received a B.A.Sc., M.A., and Ph.D. in Engineering Physics, Electrical Engineering/Computer Science from the University of Toronto and Princeton University.\n- Aho conducted research at Bell Labs from 1967 to 1991, and again from 1997 to 2002 as Vice President of the Computing Sciences Research Center.\n- Since 1995, he has held the Lawrence Gussman Professorship in Computer Science at Columbia University, where he has also served as the department chair.\n- Aho is widely known for his co-authorship of the AWK programming language with Peter J. Weinberger and Brian Kernighan.\n- He has authored or co-authored many textbooks, including the famous \"dragon books\" on compiler design.\n- Aho has received many prestigious honors, including the IEEE's John von Neumann Medal and membership in the National Academy of Engineering.",
    "Alston Householder": "- Alston Scott Householder is an American mathematician.\n- He specialized in mathematical biology and numerical analysis.\n- He invented the Householder transformation and Householder's method.\n- Householder received a PhD from the University of Chicago in 1937 for his thesis on the calculus of variations.\n- He worked on mathematical biology with Nicolas Rashevsky at the University of Chicago, then shifted to numerical analysis while at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.\n- Householder contributed to the organisation of research, serving as president of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.\n- He was married twice and had two children.\n- Some of his selected works include \"Discussion of a set of points in terms of their mutual distances\", a pioneer paper in multidimensional scaling, and \"The theory of matrices in numerical analysis\".\n- Householder died in Malibu, California in 1993.",
    "Amir Pnueli": "\n\n- Amir Pnueli was an Israeli computer scientist\n- He received a Bachelor's degree in mathematics from the Technion and a Ph.D. in applied mathematics from the Weizmann Institute of Science\n- He is known for his work in temporal logic and model checking\n- He founded and was the first chair of the computer science department at Tel Aviv University\n- He received the Turing Award in 1996 for his contributions to program and systems verification\n- He also founded two startup technology companies during his career\n- He died on November 2, 2009, of a brain hemorrhage\n- He received several awards and honors, including the Israel Prize for computer science in 2000\n- The Weizmann Institute of Science presents a memorial lecture series in his honor.",
    "Anders P. Ravn": "\n\n- Anders Peter Ravn was a Danish computer scientist born in Venezuela in 1947.\n- He received a Master of Science in Computer Science and Mathematics from the University of Copenhagen in 1973 and a Doctor of Technology in Computer Science from the Technical University of Denmark in 1995.\n- He was a teaching assistant at the University of Copenhagen, worked as a systems programmer at A/S Regnecentralen and held various academic positions at different institutions, including guest researcher at Oxford University and visiting professor at the University of Kiel in Germany.\n- Ravn specialized in research into formal methods, especially for embedded and hybrid systems. He worked on the development of duration calculus for real-time systems with Zhou Chaochen and Tony Hoare.\n- He was a member of the Dansk Selskab for Datalogi, the Association for Computing Machinery and the IEEE Computer Society.\n- Ravn received Ulrik and Marie Brinch's honorary award in 1996 and was honoured as a Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog in 2015.\n- Ravn produced many research papers and edited several books.\n- He died in Copenhagen in 2019.",
    "Andrew Barto": "\n\n- Andrew G. Barto is an American computer scientist and Professor Emeritus at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.\n- He received his B.S. in mathematics from the University of Michigan in 1970 and later earned a Ph.D. in computer science for his work on cellular automata.\n- Barto joined the faculty at UMass in 1977, was department chair from 2007 to 2011, and co-directed the Autonomous Learning Laboratory.\n- He has published over 100 papers, co-authored the influential book Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction, and edited the Handbook of Learning and Approximate Dynamic Programming.\n- Barto has been recognized with several awards, including the UMass Neurosciences Lifetime Achievement Award, the IEEE Neural Network Society Pioneer Award, and the IJCAI Award for Research Excellence.\n- He is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, a Senior Member of the IEEE, and a member of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence and the Society for Neuroscience.",
    "Andrew Chi-Chih Yao": "- Andrew Chi-Chih Yao is a Chinese computer scientist and computational theorist.\n- He is currently a professor and the dean of the Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences at Tsinghua University.\n- Yao used the minimax theorem to prove what is known as Yao's Principle.\n- He was born in Shanghai and completed his education at National Taiwan University, Harvard University, and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.\n- He has worked as a professor at various universities including Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, University of California, Berkeley, and Princeton University.\n- In 2015, he renounced his U.S. citizenship and became an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.\n- Yao has received various awards including the Knuth Prize, the Turing Award, and the Kyoto Prize in Advanced Technology.\n- He is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery.\n- Yao's wife, Frances Yao, is also a theoretical computer scientist.\n- Some of his notable works include Yao's test, Yao's Millionaires' Problem, and Garbled circuit.",
    "Andrew Donald Booth": "-Andrew Donald Booth was a British electrical engineer, physicist, and computer scientist.\n-He developed the magnetic drum memory for computers and Booth's multiplication algorithm.\n-Booth worked at Birkbeck College, University of London where he built some of the first electronic computers in the UK.\n-He founded the department of numerical automation at Birkbeck and did pioneering work in machine translation.\n-Booth served as the President of Lakehead University from 1972-1978.\n-He married mathematician and computer engineer Kathleen Britten and together they produced three computing machines.\n-Booth's works and bibliography can be found in the Andrew Booth Collection at the University of Manchester Library.",
    "Andrew Herbert": "- Andrew James Herbert is a British computer scientist and former Chairman of Microsoft Research for Europe, Middle East, and Africa.\n- He received a BSc in computational science from Leeds University in 1975 and a PhD in computer science from Cambridge University in 1978.\n- He worked at the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory from 1978 to 1985 and founded Architecture Projects Ltd in 1985, which developed ANSA, an advanced network systems architecture.\n- He also founded Digitivity in 1996 to develop a product for secure deployment of Java clients and joined Citrix Systems in 1998 after their acquisition of APM and Digitivity.\n- Herbert joined Microsoft Research in 2001 and became managing director in 2003 and chairman in 2010 before retiring in 2011.\n- He is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and the British Computer Society, and a former Liveryman of the City of London Worshipful Company of Information Technologists.\n- Herbert's research interests include computer networking, operating systems, distributed computing, programming languages, and large-scale data-driven systems.\n- His significant research achievements include the Cambridge CAP Computer operating system, and contributions to the Cambridge Model Distributed System and Advanced Networked Systems Architecture.\n- He has published several books and articles and is currently chairman of trustees for the National Museum of Computing at Bletchley Park.\n- Herbert also manages a project to construct a working replica of the Cambridge EDSAC computer at the museum, which is expected to be operational in 2021.",
    "Andrew Koenig (programmer)": "\n- Andrew Richard Koenig is a former AT&T and Bell Labs researcher and programmer who has authored books such as C Traps and Pitfalls, Accelerated C++, and Ruminations on C++. \n- He has also served as the Project Editor of the ISO/ANSI standards committee for C++ and has authored over 150 papers on the language. \n- Koenig is associated with argument-dependent name lookup, also known as \"Koenig lookup,\" and has been involved in several patents related to computer programming. \n- He was born in New York City and graduated from Columbia University, where he was a prominent member of the Columbia University Center for Computing Activities. \n- Koenig retired from Bell Labs in Murray Hill, New Jersey.",
    "Andrew McCallum": "\n\n- Andrew McCallum is a professor in the computer science department at University of Massachusetts Amherst.\n\n- His specialties are in machine learning, natural language processing, information extraction, information integration, and social network analysis.\n\n- McCallum graduated summa cum laude from Dartmouth College in 1989.\n\n- He completed his Ph.D. at University of Rochester in 1995 and was a postdoctoral fellow at Carnegie Mellon University.\n\n- From 1998 to 2000, he was a Research Scientist and Research Coordinator at Justsystem Pittsburgh Research Center.\n\n- From 2000 to 2002, he was Vice President of Research and Development at WhizBang Labs and Director of its Pittsburgh office.\n\n- In 2002, he joined the faculty at the University of Massachusetts Amherst as a professor of computer science.\n\n- In 2020, he also joined Google as a part-time research scientist.\n\n- McCallum was elected as a fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence in 2009 and as an Association for Computing Machinery in 2017.\n\n- He was the President of International Machine Learning Society from 2014 to 2017.\n\n- He is also the director of the Center for Data Science at UMass and leads a new partnership with the Chan and Zuckerberg Initiative.\n\n- McCallum developed conditional random fields with John D. Lafferty and Fernando Pereira and wrote widely used open-source software toolkits for machine learning, natural language processing, and other text processing.\n\n- He instigated and directs the nonprofit project OpenReview.net, an online platform that aims to promote openness in scientific communication, particularly the peer review process, by providing a flexible cloud-based web interface and underlying database API.\n\n- McCallum's Enron Corpus, a large collection of emails, has been used as a basis for a number of academic studies of social networking and language.",
    "Andrew Ng": "- Andrew Ng is a computer scientist and technology entrepreneur\n- He focuses on machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI)\n- Ng was a co-founder and head of Google Brain and the former Chief Scientist at Baidu\n- He is an adjunct professor at Stanford University and has made substantial contributions to the field of online education as the co-founder of Coursera and deeplearning.ai, teaching over 2.5 million students through his online courses\n- Ng has founded Landing AI, which provides AI-powered SaaS products, and launched the AI Fund, a $175-million investment fund for backing AI startups\n- He has won numerous awards for his work in AI, robotics, and related fields, and has authored over 300 publications\n- Ng is a strong believer in democratizing AI and lowering barriers to entry for businesses and developers. He also supports basic income to allow the unemployed to study AI to re-enter the workforce.",
    "Andrew S. Tanenbaum": "- Andrew Stuart Tanenbaum is an American-Dutch computer scientist and professor emeritus of computer science at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam in the Netherlands.\n- He is the author of MINIX, a free Unix-like operating system for teaching purposes, and has written multiple computer science textbooks regarded as standard texts in the field.\n- He regards his teaching job as his most important work and has supervised the work of many PhD candidates.\n- Tanenbaum has been involved in numerous research projects in the areas of operating systems, distributed systems, and ubiquitous computing.\n- He created Electoral-vote.com, a website analyzing opinion polls for the U.S. Presidential Election, using them to project the outcome in the Electoral College.\n- Tanenbaum is the architect of the Amsterdam Compiler Kit and wrote a clone of UNIX called MINIX.\n- In the Tanenbaum-Torvalds debate, he debated with Linus Torvalds regarding kernel design on Usenet in 1992.\n- Tanenbaum has received numerous awards, including Fellow of the ACM, Fellow of the IEEE, and Member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, and honorary doctorates from Petru Maior University in Romania and Universitatea Politehnica din Bucure\u0219ti. \n- He has been a keynote speaker at several conferences around the world.",
    "Andrew V. Goldberg": "\n\n- Andrew Vladislav Goldberg is an American computer scientist.\n- He primarily works on design, analysis, and experimental evaluation of algorithms.\n- He also worked on mechanism design, computer systems, and complexity theory.\n- Goldberg did his undergraduate studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\n- He earned a master's degree at the University of California, Berkeley, and finished his doctorate at MIT in 1987.\n- He was a faculty member at Stanford University and has worked for various organizations, including NEC Research Institute, Intertrust STAR Laboratories, Microsoft, and Amazon.com.\n- Goldberg is best known for his research on graph and network algorithms, including the maximum flow and shortest path problems.\n- He also worked on algorithmic game theory and was one of the first scientists to study worst-case mechanism design.\n- Goldberg has received numerous awards, including a Hertz Fellowship, A.W. Tucker Prize, NSF Presidential Young Investigator Award, and INFORMS Optimization Society Farkas Prize.\n- He is a fellow of the ACM and the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.",
    "Andrew Viterbi": "\n\n- Andrew James Viterbi is an electrical engineer and businessman.\n- He co-founded Qualcomm Inc. and invented the Viterbi algorithm.\n- He is the Presidential Chair Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of Southern California's Viterbi School of Engineering.\n- He was born in Bergamo, Italy, and immigrated to the United States two years before World War II.\n- He attended the Boston Latin School and received both BS and MS in electrical engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).\n- He carried out PhD studies in digital communications at the University of Southern California, where he graduated in 1963.\n- He proposed the Viterbi algorithm to decode convolutionally encoded data in 1967.\n- He also helped to develop the Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) standard for cell phone networks.\n- He was the co-founder of Linkabit Corporation and Qualcomm Inc.\n- He received many awards and honors throughout his career, including the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Electrical Engineering in 2005, the National Medal of Science in 2008, and the IEEE Medal of Honor in 2010.\n- He was married to Erna Finci, a Jewish refugee from Sarajevo who was a Shoah survivor, and they had three children.",
    "Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov": "\n\n- Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov was a Soviet mathematician born in 1903.\n- He made significant contributions to the mathematics of probability theory, topology, intuitionistic logic, turbulence, classical mechanics, algorithmic information theory, and computational complexity.\n- Kolmogorov began his studies at Moscow State University in 1920 and gained international recognition in 1922.\n- He formed a lifelong friendship with fellow student Pavel Alexandrov and became interested in probability theory.\n- In 1933, Kolmogorov published \"Foundations of the Theory of Probability,\" laying the modern axiomatic foundations of probability theory.\n- During World War II, Kolmogorov contributed to the Soviet war effort by applying statistical theory to artillery fire.\n- Kolmogorov married Anna Dmitrievna Egorova in 1942 and was actively involved in developing pedagogy for gifted children.\n- Kolmogorov received numerous awards and honors during and after his lifetime.\n- His legacy continues to influence the field of mathematics today.",
    "Andries van Dam": "\n\n- Andries \"Andy\" van Dam is a Dutch-American professor of computer science at Brown University.\n- He contributed to the first hypertext system, Hypertext Editing System (HES), along with Ted Nelson.\n- He co-authored the popular textbook in computer graphics, Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice.\n- Van Dam co-founded the precursor of today's ACM SIGGRAPH conference.\n- He mentored several students in hypertext and computer graphics, including Randy Pausch.\n- Van Dam helped found the computer science program at Brown and served as its first chair.\n- He received his Ph.D. in Computer Science from the University of Pennsylvania in 1966.\n- Van Dam's continued interest in hypertext was crucial to the development of modern markup and browsing technology.\n- He serves on several technical boards and committees and has received several awards and recognitions.\n- Van Dam demanded that the Brown Center for Information Technology include showers and a Chinese restaurant, and the showers were built.\n- The character of Andy in the film Toy Story is named after van Dam, and his book appears on the character's bookshelf.\n- A documentary film about van Dam and hypertext, titled \"An Educational Experiment in English and Computer Science at Brown University,\" is available on IMDb and the Internet Archive.",
    "Anil K. Jain (computer scientist, born 1948)": "- Anil Kumar Jain is a computer scientist and University Distinguished Professor at Michigan State University.\n- He is known for his contributions in pattern recognition, computer vision, and biometric recognition.\n- He received his PhD from Ohio State University and taught at Wayne State University before joining MSU in 1974.\n- Jain has an h-index of 208, which is the highest among computer scientists identified in a survey published by UCLA.\n- He has received numerous awards and is a Fellow of ACM, IEEE, AAAS, IAPR, and SPIE.\n- Jain has written several books and published numerous research and survey articles in the field of computer science, including on artificial neural networks, data clustering, and biometric recognition.\n- He has served on U.S. National Academies panels on Information Technology, Whither Biometrics, and Improvised Explosive Devices.\n- Jain was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2016 and the Indian National Academy of Engineering.\n- He was also elected as a Foreign Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2019.\n- His research focuses on biometric recognition technologies, including fingerprint and face recognition.",
    "Anita Borg": "\n\n- Anita Borg was an American computer scientist known for advocating for women\u2019s representation and professional advancement in technology.\n- She founded the Institute for Women and Technology and the Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing.\n- Borg got her first programming job in 1969 and was awarded a PhD in Computer Science by New York University in 1981.\n- Borg spent four years building a fault tolerant Unix-based operating system and developed MECCA, an email and Web-based system for communicating in virtual communities.\n- In 1987, Borg founded Systers, the first email network for women in technology and oversaw it until 2000.\n- She co-founded the Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing in 1994 and founded the Institute for Women and Technology in 1997.\n- Borg received several awards and was recognized for her accomplishments as a computer scientist and for her work on behalf of women in computing.\n- She was diagnosed with a brain tumor in 1999 and died in 2003.\n- Several awards and programs honor Borg's life and work, such as the Google Anita Borg Memorial Scholarship and the UNSW Anita Borg Prize.",
    "Annie Easley": "\n\n- Annie Jean Easley was an American computer scientist, mathematician, and rocket scientist.\n- She worked for the Lewis Research Center and NASA, and was one of the first African Americans to work at NASA.\n- Easley was a leading member of the team which developed software for the Centaur rocket stage.\n- She was posthumously inducted into the Glenn Research Hall of Fame in 2015, and in 2021 a crater on the moon was named after her.\n- Easley received a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics from Cleveland State University.\n- She faced discrimination related to being an African-American during her career, especially when her face was cut out of a photograph at work.\n- Easley's work with the Centaur project helped lay the technological foundations for future space shuttle launches.\n- She was also an advocate for and encouraged female and minority students to work in STEM careers and tutored young adults who dropped out of school.\n- Easley focused on volunteer work after retiring from NASA, becoming an independent contractor in real estate.\n- Some of Easley's selected works include Performance and Operational Economics Estimates for a Coal Gasification Combined-Cycle Cogeneration Powerplant and Effect of Turbulent Mixing on Average Fuel Temperatures in a Gas-Core Nuclear Rocket Engine.",
    "Aravind K. Joshi": "\n\n- Aravind Krishna Joshi was a professor in the computer science department of the University of Pennsylvania.\n- Joshi defined the tree-adjoining grammar formalism used in computational linguistics and natural language processing.\n- He received his BE in electrical engineering and DIISc in communication engineering from Pune University and the Indian Institute of Science, respectively.\n- Joshi earned his PhD from the electrical engineering department at the University of Pennsylvania in 1960.\n- He co-founded and co-directed the Institute for Research in Cognitive Science.\n- Joshi received numerous awards and recognition including the Guggenheim fellowship, IEEE fellow, and ACM fellow.\n- He was elected to the National Academy of Engineering and awarded the Rumelhart Prize and the Franklin Institute's Benjamin Franklin Medal.\n- Joshi was the first recipient of the Association for Computational Linguistics Lifetime Achievement Award.\n- He passed away on December 31, 2017.",
    "Arne S\u00f8lvberg": "- Arne S\u00f8lvberg is a Norwegian computer scientist and professor in computer science at NTNU in Trondheim.\n- He is an expert in the field of information modelling.\n- S\u00f8lvberg received his MSc in applied physics in 1963 and his PhD in computer science in 1971 from NTNU.\n- Between 1963 and 1974, he worked at SINTEF Runnit and led their information systems group.\n- In 1974, S\u00f8lvberg became the first professor of computer science at NTNU and has been dean of NTNU's Faculty of Information Technology, Mathematics and Electrical Engineering since 2002.\n- He has served in various leadership positions in international organizations and co-founded the CAiSE conference series.\n- S\u00f8lvberg's research interests include information systems design methodology, database design, information modelling, information systems engineering environments, and model-driven design.\n- He has published numerous papers and books, including \"An Introduction to Information Systems Engineering\" and \"Information Systems Engineering: State of the Art and Research Themes.\"\n- S\u00f8lvberg is a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences and is married to Ingeborg S\u00f8lvberg.",
    "Arvind (computer scientist)": "\n\n- Arvind is the Johnson Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at MIT.\n- He is a Fellow of IEEE and ACM, and a member of the National Academy of Engineering.\n- His research includes formal verification of large-scale digital systems and cache coherence protocols for parallel architectures and languages.\n- Arvind earned his Bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from IIT Kanpur, and his Master's and PhD in computer science from the University of Minnesota.\n- He has co-founded two electronic design automation companies: Sandburst and Bluespec.\n- Arvind's current research uses term-rewriting systems for high-level specification and description of architectures and protocols.\n- He has authored or co-authored several significant articles and books, including \"Implicit parallel programming in pH\" with R.S. Nikhil.\n- Arvind has received several awards, including the IEEE Computer Society Charles Babbage Award, Distinguished Alumnus Awards from IIT Kanpur and the University of Minnesota, and the Outstanding Achievement Award from the University of Minnesota.",
    "Ashok Goel": "\n\n- Ashok K. Goel is a professor of computer science and human-centered computing at Georgia Institute of Technology, and the chief scientist with Georgia Tech's Center for 21st Century Universities.\n- He conducts research into cognitive systems at the intersection of artificial intelligence and cognitive science with a focus on computational design and creativity.\n- He is the executive director of National Science Foundation's AI Institute for Adult Learning and Online Education and an editor emeritus of AAAI's AI Magazine.\n- His research revolves around conceptual design of technical systems and learning about complex systems and systems thinking.\n- He has developed computational tools such as the Design by Analogy to Nature Engine for supporting conceptual design.\n- He has developed an online course on Knowledge-Based AI and developed Jill Watson, a virtual teaching assistant for automatically answering students\u2019 questions in discussion forums of online classes.\n- He has co-edited books on biologically inspired design and blended learning in practice.\n- He has received AAAI's Outstanding AI Educator Award and the University System of Georgia Regent's Award for Scholarship of Teaching and Learning.\n- His teaching and research have been featured in various media outlets.",
    "Atta ur Rehman Khan": "\n\n- Atta ur Rehman Khan is a Pakistani computer scientist and academician.\n- He is among the World's Top 2% Scientists according to a Stanford University report.\n- He is the founder of National Cyber Crime Forensics Lab Pakistan, which operates in partnership with NR3C.\n- He has published numerous research articles and books and is a senior member of IEEE and ACM.\n- He received his PhD degree in Computer Science from the University of Malaya.\n- As of 2010, he is working as an Associate Professor at the College of Engineering and Information Technology, Ajman University, United Arab Emirates.\n- He has experience teaching and researching at seven universities.\n- He is an editor and associate editor of several journals.\n- He has received numerous honors and awards, such as the Long-Term Research Achievement Award (2023) and the World's Top 2% Scientists award (2022, 2020) from Stanford University.\n- He has authored/co-authored/edited several books and numerous research papers on various topics in computer science.",
    "Austin Tate": "- Austin Tate is an Emeritus Professor of Knowledge-based systems at the University of Edinburgh.\n- He was the Director of the Artificial Intelligence Applications Institute from 1985 to 2019.\n- Tate's research interests are in Artificial Intelligence.\n- Some of his selected publications are Generating Project Networks, O-Plan: The open planning architecture, and Task Achieving Agents on the World Wide Web.\n- Tate has received various awards such as being elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh and Elected a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering.\n- He was married to Margaret (n\u00e9e Mowbray) in 1975 at Knottingley, West Yorkshire, England.",
    "Avie Tevanian": "- Avadis \"Avie\" Tevanian is an American software engineer born in 1961.\n\n- He was a principal designer and engineer of the Mach operating system at Carnegie Mellon University.\n\n- Tevanian then designed the NeXTSTEP operating system at NeXT Inc., where he was Vice President of Software Engineering.\n\n- He became senior vice president of software engineering at Apple from 1997 to 2003, and then chief software technology officer from 2003 to 2006.\n\n- At Apple, he redesigned NeXTSTEP to become macOS and iOS, with other operating systems like iPadOS, watchOS, and tvOS stemming from iOS.\n\n- Tevanian was a witness for the United States Department of Justice in United States v. Microsoft in 2001.\n\n- After leaving Apple in 2006, he joined the board of Dolby Labs and Theranos, Inc., but left the board of Theranos in late 2007 under acrimonious circumstances.\n\n- He became Managing Director of Elevation Partners in 2010 and cofounded NextEquity Partners in 2015, where he currently serves as Managing Director.\n\n- Tevanian is of Armenian descent and has a B.A. in mathematics from the University of Rochester and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University.",
    "Avinash Kak": "\n\n- Avinash C. Kak is a professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Purdue University.\n- He has conducted research in information processing, with notable contributions in algorithms, languages, and systems related to robotics, computer vision, and networks (including sensor networks).\n- His contributions to robotics and computer vision include the development of the 3D-POLY algorithm for recognizing 3D objects in depth maps and the FINALE approach to vision-based navigation by indoor mobile robots.\n- Kak's research in image reconstruction algorithms includes the SART algorithm, widely used in CT imaging applications.\n- He has authored several books, including Digital Picture Processing (co-authored with Azriel Rosenfeld) and Principles of Computerized Tomographic Imaging.\n- Kak has also contributed to the fields of software engineering and open source, developing software modules widely used for data analytics and computer security.\n- In addition, he has contributed to computer and network security research, presenting a solution to the problem of botnet detection in computer networks.\n- Kak's online lecture notes provide a comprehensive overview of computer and network security.",
    "Azriel Rosenfeld": "- Azriel Rosenfeld was a prominent American Research Professor and Director of the Center for Automation Research at the University of Maryland.\n- He had affiliate professorships in the Departments of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Psychology.\n- Rosenfeld was a leading researcher in the field of computer image analysis, making fundamental and pioneering contributions to nearly every area of the field.\n- His research formed the foundation for a generation of industrial vision inspection systems that have found widespread applications.\n- He wrote the first textbook in the field of image analysis (1969), founded the first journal, Computer Graphics and Image Processing (1972), and co-chaired the first international conference (1987).\n- Rosenfeld held a Ph.D. in mathematics, rabbinic ordination, and a Doctor of Hebrew Literature degree from Yeshiva University, and honorary degrees from Linkoping University, Oulu University, and Yeshiva University.\n- He was awarded an honorary Doctor of Science degree from the Technion (2004, conferred posthumously).\n- Rosenfeld was a ba'al koreh (Torah Reader) at Young Israel Shomrai Emunah of Greater Washington.\n- The biennial Azriel Rosenfeld Award is given in recognition of an outstanding life-time contribution to the field of image understanding or computer vision.\n- He published over 30 books, over 600 book chapters and journal articles, and directed nearly 60 Ph.D. dissertations.",
    "Barbara Engelhardt": "\n\n- Barbara Elizabeth Engelhardt is a computer scientist and specialist in bioinformatics.\n- She is a Professor at Stanford University and her work focuses on latent variable models, exploratory data analysis for genomic data, and QTLs.\n- Engelhardt received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Science from Stanford University and a PhD from the University of California, Berkeley.\n- Engelhardt worked as a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Chicago and later joined Duke University and Princeton University as an assistant professor.\n- In 2022, she moved to California and currently holds the position of Professor at Stanford University and Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology.\n- Engelhardt's research has been funded by the National Institutes of Health through two R01 grants and she has been recognized by several awards including the Overton Prize by the International Society for Computational Biology.\n- She has also served on the Board of Directors for Women in Machine Learning and as Diversity & Inclusion Co-chair at the International Conference on Machine Learning.\n- Engelhardt's work has been featured in Quanta Magazine and she gave a TEDx talk entitled \"Not What but Why: Machine Learning for Understanding Genomics.\"",
    "Barbara Liskov": "- Barbara Liskov is an American computer scientist.\n- She made pioneering contributions to programming languages and distributed computing.\n- She developed the Liskov substitution principle which is used in type theory and object-oriented programming.\n- Liskov is one of the earliest women to have been granted a doctorate in computer science in the United States.\n- She is currently an Institute Professor and Ford Professor of Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\n- Liskov has led many significant projects including the Venus operating system, CLU, Argus, and Thor.\n- She received the 2008 Turing Award, the highest distinction in computer science, for her work in the design of programming languages and software methodology that led to the development of object-oriented programming.\n- Liskov is the author of five books and over one hundred technical papers.\n- She is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, the National Academy of Sciences, and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Association for Computing Machinery.\n- Liskov was recognized as one of the top women faculty members at MIT, and among the top 50 faculty members in the sciences in the U.S.\n- She is married to Nathan Liskov and they have one son named Moses.",
    "Barry Boehm": "- Barry William Boehm was an American software engineer and professor of computer science and industrial and systems engineering.\n- He was the founding director of the Center for Systems and Software Engineering at the University of Southern California.\n- Boehm's contributions to software engineering included the Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO), the spiral model of software development, and the Wideband Delphi method of estimation.\n- His research interests included software development process modeling, software requirements engineering, software architectures, software metrics and cost models, software engineering environments, and knowledge-based software engineering.\n- He received numerous awards, including the ACM Distinguished Research Award in Software Engineering in 1997 and the IEEE Simon Ramo Medal in 2010.\n- Boehm predicted in a 1973 report that software costs would overwhelm hardware costs, inspiring a change in direction in computing.\n- He published over 170 articles and several books, including Software Engineering Economics and Balancing Agility and Discipline.\n- Honorary degrees were conferred upon Boehm by the U. of Massachusetts in 2000 and by the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2011.\n- In 1996, Boehm was elected as a member of the National Academy of Engineering for his contributions to computer and software architectures and models of cost, quality, and risk for aerospace systems.\n- Boehm passed away on August 20, 2022.",
    "Beatrice Helen Worsley": "-Beatrice Helen Worsley was a Canadian computer scientist and the first female computer scientist in Canada \n\n-She received her Ph.D. degree from the University of Cambridge and wrote the first program to run on EDSAC \n\n-Worsley co-wrote the first compiler for Toronto's Ferranti Mark 1 and taught computers and engineering at Queen's University and the University of Toronto for over 20 years before her death at the age of 50 \n\n-Worsley was born in 1921 in Toronto and excelled in mathematics and science, graduating with the Governor General's Award \n\n-During World War II, Worsley enlisted in the Women's Royal Canadian Naval Service and eventually studied at MIT for a year \n\n-After returning to Canada, Worsley worked at the National Research Council of Canada before joining the newly created computing department at the University of Toronto \n\n-Worsley's contributions to computing include her dissertation on modern computers, the creation of Transcode programming language, and her work on the FERUT computer \n\n-She was repeatedly passed over for promotions at the University of Toronto and eventually took up a teaching position at Queen's University \n\n-Worsley received the Lifetime Achievement Award in Computer Science from the Canadian Association of Computer Science in 2014.",
    "Ben Shneiderman": "\n\n- Ben Shneiderman is an American computer scientist and a Distinguished University Professor at the University of Maryland Department of Computer Science.\n- He is the founding director (1983-2000) of the University of Maryland Human-Computer Interaction Lab.\n- Shneiderman is known for his contributions in the field of human-computer interaction, including developing the direct manipulation interface and his eight rules of design.\n- He received numerous awards and honors, including being inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.\n- Shneiderman's major works include \"Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction\", the treemap concept for hierarchical data visualization, and a taxonomy of interactive dynamics for visual analysis.\n- He proposed the research area of universal usability and is currently focusing on the topic of human-centered artificial intelligence.",
    "Bernard Richards": "\n\n- Bernard Richards is a British computer scientist and Emeritus Professor of Medical Informatics at the University of Manchester.\n- He studied mathematics and physics for his bachelor's degree and worked under the supervision of Alan Turing for his master's degree, helping to validate Turing's theory of morphogenesis.\n- Richards changed his research area after Turing's death and worked on studying optics for his doctorate, resulting in a Royal Society paper with his supervisor.\n- Later, he worked on hormone peaks in the menstrual cycle and expert systems for open heart surgery and intensive care units.\n- Richards has held various positions, including Chairman of the BCS Health Informatics Committee and first President of the Institute for Health Record and Information Management.\n- He has also received multiple honors, including being made BCS Fellow of the Year for Services to Medical Informatics and receiving awards from Queen Elizabeth II for contributing to a time capsule during Turing's centenary year.",
    "Bernard de Neumann": "\n\n- Frederick Bernard de Neumann (1943-2018) was a British mathematician, computer scientist, inventor, and naval historian.\n- He was educated at the Royal Hospital School and Birmingham University.\n- Neumann was a Professor of Mathematics at The City University.\n- He was a descendant of Johann Andreas von Neumann and Johann Heinrich von Neumann, both of noble birth.\n- In 2005, a portrait of Neumann won the Ondaatje Prize from the Royal Society of Portrait Painters.\n- The Neumann family is featured in the Genealogisches Handbuch des in Bayern immatrikulierten Adels. \n- The London Mathematical Society Newsletter also featured a prize for a portrait of Neumann in 2005.",
    "Bernhard Sch\u00f6lkopf": "- Bernhard Sch\u00f6lkopf is a German computer scientist born on February 20, 1968.\n- He is known for his work in machine learning, especially on kernel methods and causality.\n- He is a director at the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems in T\u00fcbingen, Germany, where he heads the Department of Empirical Inference.\n- Sch\u00f6lkopf is also an affiliated professor at ETH Z\u00fcrich, honorary professor at the University of T\u00fcbingen and the Technical University Berlin, and chairman of the European Laboratory for Learning and Intelligent Systems (ELLIS).\n- He developed kernel support vector machine (SVM) methods and introduced kernel principal component analysis (PCA), which led to the foundation of the field of kernel methods.\n- Sch\u00f6lkopf also developed methods for causal inference and showed how to exploit underlying causal structures to make machine learning methods more robust with respect to distribution shifts and systematic errors.\n- He completed a Diplom in Physics and won the annual award of the German Informatics Association for his PhD thesis defended in 1997.\n- He founded the Department for Empirical Inference at the Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, which grew into a leading center for research in machine learning.\n- He is co-editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Machine Learning Research and among the world\u2019s most cited computer scientists.\n- Sch\u00f6lkopf\u2019s awards include the Royal Society Milner Award and the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in the Information and Communication Technologies category, shared with Isabelle Guyon and Vladimir Vapnik.",
    "Bernhard Thalheim": "- Bernhard Karl Thalheim is a German computer scientist and professor of information systems engineering at the University of Kiel in Kiel, Germany.\n- He is known for his work on conceptual modeling and its theoretical foundational contributions.\n- Thalheim received his M.Sc. in mathematics and computer science in 1975 at the Dresden University of Technology, his PhD in discrete mathematics in 1979 at the Lomonosov Moscow State University, and his habilitation in theoretical computer science in 1985 at the Dresden University of Technology.\n- Thalheim has been a visiting professor at several universities around the world.\n- Thalheim has received a number of awards for his achievements in information systems engineering.\n- Thalheim's foundational contributions to conceptual modeling theory and science can be found at multiple levels and abstractions.\n- His work has been applied in fields such as semantics in databases, co-design of information systems applications, and business process modeling.\n- Thalheim has published several books, papers, and articles on various topics in computer science and information systems engineering.",
    "Bert Bos": "\n\n- Gijsbert (Bert) Bos is a computer scientist known for the development of Argo, a web browser he developed as a test application for his style sheet proposal.\n- Bos studied mathematics at the University of Groningen and wrote his PhD thesis on Rapid user interface development with the script language Gist.\n- In 1996, he joined the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) to work on Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).\n- Bos is a former chairman and the current W3C Staff Contact of the CSS Working Group.\n- He is based in Sophia Antipolis, France.\n- Bos, along with H\u00e5kon Wium Lie, has written a book about Cascading Style Sheets. The book is titled \"Cascading Style Sheets: Designing for the Web\" and has three editions with different ISBNs.\n- Bos' homepage at W3C is available as an external link.",
    "Bertrand Meyer": "\n\n- Bertrand Meyer is a French academic, author and consultant in the field of computer languages.\n- He created the Eiffel programming language and the idea of design by contract.\n- Meyer received a master's degree in engineering from the \u00c9cole Polytechnique, a second master's degree from Stanford University, and a PhD from the Universit\u00e9 de Nancy.\n- He was a member of the faculty of the University of California, Santa Barbara and professor of software engineering at ETH Z\u00fcrich from 2001 to 2016.\n- Meyer is known for his contributions, including the concept of Design by Contract, the design of the Eiffel language, and the establishment of the connection between object-oriented programming and software reusability.\n- He has received numerous awards and is a member of Academia Europaea and the French Academy of Technologies and a Fellow of the ACM.\n- There was a Wikipedia hoax falsely announcing Meyer's death in 2005, which he used to evaluate the resilience of the system.",
    "Betty Holberton": "\n\n- Frances Elizabeth Holberton was an American computer scientist and one of the six original programmers of the first general-purpose electronic digital computer, ENIAC.\n- Holberton invented breakpoints in computer debugging.\n- She studied journalism at the University of Pennsylvania and was hired by the Moore School of Engineering during World War 2 to work as a \"computer\".\n- Holberton helped develop the UNIVAC and was one of those who wrote the first generative programming system (SORT/MERGE). \n- She worked with John Mauchly to develop the C-10 instruction set for BINAC and participated in the development of early standards for the COBOL and FORTRAN programming languages with Grace Hopper.\n- Holberton received many awards and was posthumously honored with the Holberton School, a project-based school for software engineers based in San Francisco.\n- She died in 2001 of heart disease, diabetes, and complications from a stroke.\n- A documentary titled \"Top Secret Rosies: The Female 'Computers' of WWII\" was released in 2010, featuring interviews with some of the ENIAC programmers.\n- The ENIAC team is also the inspiration behind the 2013 documentary, \"The Computers,\" which is part of a series of three.",
    "Bigtable": "\n\n- Bigtable is a fully managed NoSQL database service.\n- It was developed by Google in 2004 and is used by many Google applications.\n- Bigtable scales into the petabyte range and can handle hundreds to thousands of machines.\n- It is not a relational database but is a sparse, distributed multi-dimensional sorted map.\n- Tables are split into multiple tablets and compressed using the BMDiff and Snappy compression algorithm.\n- Bigtable manages over 10 Exabytes of data and serves more than 5 billion requests per second.\n- It is available as a part of Google Cloud under the name Cloud Bigtable.\n- Bigtable is one of the prototypical examples of a wide-column store.\n- Apache HBase and Cassandra are some of the best-known open source projects based on Bigtable.",
    "Bill Gropp": "\n\n- William Douglas Gropp is the director of the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) and the Thomas M. Siebel Chair in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Illinois. \n- He is the founding Director of the Parallel Computing Institute.\n- Gropp helped create the Message Passing Interface (MPI) and the Portable, Extensible Toolkit for Scientific Computation (PETSc).\n- Gropp has received awards including the Sidney Fernbach Award, the ACM/IEEE-CS Ken Kennedy Award, and an R&D 100 Award for PETSc.\n- In 2010, he was elected to the National Academy of Engineering and received the IEEE TCSC Medal for Excellence in Scalable Computing.\n- Gropp received his PhD at Stanford in 1982 under Joseph Oliger.\n- He is a Fellow of ACM, IEEE, and SIAM, and an elected member of the National Academy of Engineering.",
    "Bill Joy": "- William Nelson Joy is an American computer engineer and venture capitalist\n- He co-founded Sun Microsystems in 1982 and served as Chief Scientist and CTO at the company until 2003\n- He played a key role in the development of BSD UNIX and was the original author of the vi text editor\n- Joy was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 1999\n- He co-founded venture capital firm HighBAR Ventures in 1999, and joined Kleiner Perkins in 2005\n- In 2000, he wrote an essay titled \"Why The Future Doesn't Need Us,\" expressing concerns over the risks of technological developments in genetics, nanotechnology, and robotics\n- Despite his concerns, Joy is a venture capitalist investing in GNR technology\n- Joy is credited with establishing \"Joy's law,\" stating that most of the smartest people work for someone else, and that companies should hire the best employees\n- Joy also devised a formula in 1983 called Joy's law, stating that peak computer speed doubles each year, expressed in MIPS",
    "Bjarne Stroustrup": "\n\n- Bjarne Stroustrup is a Danish computer scientist.\n- He is most notable for inventing and developing the C++ programming language.\n- He attended Aarhus University and graduated with a master's degree in mathematics and computer science.\n- He received a PhD in computer science from the University of Cambridge, where he studied communication in distributed computer systems.\n- He began his career as a member of technical staff at Bell Labs in 1979 and developed C++ there.\n- He has held various positions, including the head of AT&T Bell Labs' Large-scale Programming Research department and the College of Engineering Chair Professor in Computer Science at Texas A&M University.\n- As of July 2022, Stroustrup is a professor of Computer Science at Columbia University.\n- Stroustrup has written books and published over 100 academic articles on C++.\n- He has received numerous awards and honors, including The Charles Stark Draper Prize from The US National Academy of Engineering in 2018 for conceptualizing and developing the C++ programming language.\n- Stroustrup is a founding member of the C++ standards committee and has remained an active member ever since.",
    "Bonnie Nardi": "\n\n- Bonnie Nardi is an emeritus professor at the University of California, Irvine and led the TechDec research lab in Human-Computer Interaction and computer-supported cooperative work.\n- Her work includes research on activity theory, interaction design, games, social media, and society and technology.\n- Nardi has worked for high-tech companies such as AT&T Labs, Agilent, Hewlett-Packard and Apple labs to examine consumers' behavior.\n- She has published several books on activity theory and interaction design, including \"Acting with Technology\" and \"Activity Theory in HCI\".\n- Nardi's research interests focus on human-computer interaction, computer-supported cooperative work, activity theory, computer-mediated communication, and interaction design.\n- She is widely known for her work on information ecologies, especially Chapter 7 of her book \"Information Ecologies\", which focused on librarians as keystone species.\n- Nardi holds a PhD from the School of Social Sciences at University of California, Irvine, and her self-described theoretical orientation is \"activity theory\".\n- She is currently conducting an ethnographic study of World of Warcraft.\n- Nardi has authored several papers published in academic journals, such as \"NetWORKers and their activity in intensional networks\" and \"Why We Blog\".\n- Her work has influenced digital anthropology, digital libraries, and other fields in computer science.\n- She was elected to the ACM CHI academy in 2013 and retired in 2018.",
    "Brian Cantwell Smith": "\n\n- Brian Cantwell Smith is a philosopher and cognitive scientist.\n- He works in the fields of cognitive science, computer science, information studies, and philosophy.\n- Smith's research focuses on the foundations and philosophy of computing and computational metaphors in other fields.\n- He is currently a professor at the University of Toronto.\n- Smith received his BS, MS, and PhD degrees from MIT.\n- His doctoral dissertation introduced the notion of computational reflection in programming languages.\n- He was a founder of the Center for the Study of Language and Information at Stanford University.\n- Smith has published more than 35 articles and three books.\n- One of his books is called On the Origin of Objects.\n- He previously held a Canada Research Chair in the Foundations of Information.\n- Smith is cross-appointed as Professor in the departments of Philosophy and Computer Science and in the Program in Communication, Culture and Technology at University of Toronto at Mississauga.\n- His father was the scholar of religion Wilfred Cantwell Smith.",
    "Brian Kernighan": "\n\n- Brian Wilson Kernighan is a Canadian computer scientist.\n- He contributed to the development of Unix alongside Unix creators Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie while working at Bell Labs.\n- Kernighan is the co-author of the first book on the C programming language with Dennis Ritchie.\n- He authored many Unix programs, including ditroff, and is the co-author of the AWK and AMPL programming languages.\n- Kernighan and Shen Lin devised famous heuristics for two NP-complete optimization problems: graph partitioning and the travelling salesman problem, known as the Kernighan\u2013Lin algorithm and the Lin\u2013Kernighan heuristic respectively.\n- Kernighan has been a Professor of Computer Science at Princeton University since 2000 and is the Director of Undergraduate Studies in the Department of Computer Science.\n- In 2015, he co-authored the book The Go Programming Language.\n- Kernighan is the author of many books and reports, including The C Programming Language, The Practice of Programming, and The Unix Programming Environment.\n- He wrote a famous criticism of Niklaus Wirth's Pascal titled \"Why Pascal is Not My Favorite Programming Language\".\n- Kernighan is the author of several algorithms, including the first documented \"Hello, world!\" program, ditroff, eqn, Ratfor, m4, AWK, AMPL, and pic.\n- Kernighan uses a 13-inch MacBook Air as his primary device and uses Sam as his text editor.",
    "Bruce Arden": "\n\n- Bruce Wesley Arden was an American computer scientist who lived from 1927 to 2021.\n- He served in the U.S. Navy during World War II as a Radar Technician Third Class.\n- Arden graduated from Purdue University in 1949 with a BS(EE) and began his computing career in 1950 at the Allison Division of General Motors.\n- He co-authored two compilers and was involved in the initial design of the Michigan Terminal System (MTS) time-sharing operating system while working at the University of Michigan.\n- Arden completed his doctoral program in electrical engineering in 1965 and became a professor and chairman of the Computer and Communication Sciences department at the University of Michigan.\n- He later accepted a professorship at Princeton University and then became the Dean of the College of Engineering and Applied Science at the University of Rochester.\n- Arden wrote two books on numerical computation and supervised many students in their studies of computing.\n- He retired in 1995 and lived in Michigan and Maine.",
    "Bruce Schneier": "- Bruce Schneier is an American cryptographer, computer security professional, privacy specialist, and writer.\n- He is a lecturer in public policy at the Harvard Kennedy School and a fellow at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society.\n- Schneier is a board member of the Electronic Frontier Foundation and an advisory board member of several other organizations.\n- He has authored several books on general security topics, computer security, and cryptography.\n- Schneier also writes a monthly internet newsletter and maintains a security weblog.\n- He is frequently quoted in the press on security and cryptography issues.\n- Schneier has been involved in the development of several cryptographic algorithms.\n- He is critical of digital rights management and is a proponent of full disclosure in security issues.\n- Schneier has advocated for spending homeland security money on intelligence, investigation, and emergency response.\n- He coined the term \"movie-plot threat\" to describe dramatic terrorist attack scenarios and is a critic of security measures that protect against them.\n- Schneier believes that designing systems to fail well is more important than trying to prevent all malicious incursions.",
    "Bryan Cantrill": "- Bryan M. Cantrill is an American software engineer.\n- He worked at Sun Microsystems and later at Oracle Corporation after its acquisition of Sun.\n- He left Oracle in 2010 to become Vice President of Engineering at Joyent, later transitioning to Chief Technology Officer in 2014 until his departure in 2019.\n- Cantrill is now the CTO of Oxide Computer company.\n- He is known for his development of DTrace, a function of the OS Solaris 10 for tracing and diagnosis of software.\n- Cantrill was named one of the 35 Top Young Innovators by Technology Review in 2005.\n- He was a member of the ACM Queue Editorial Board.\n- Cantrill was involved in the founding of Fishworks, a project at Sun Microsystems that produced the Sun Storage 7000 Unified Storage Systems.\n- In a 1996 technical discussion, Cantrill made a controversial comment to Linux kernel developer David S. Miller that later caused regret.\n- In 2010, Cantrill compared Oracle's behavior to that of Nazis after leaving the company.\n- Cantrill has expressed a preference for permissive open source software licenses over copyleft licenses.",
    "Butler Lampson": "\n\n- Butler W. Lampson is an American computer scientist known for his contributions to distributed personal computing.\n- His early education includes an A.B. in physics from Harvard University and a PhD in electrical engineering and computer science from the University of California, Berkeley.\n- Lampson was one of the founding members of Xerox PARC, where he worked as a principal scientist and senior research fellow, and helped design the Xerox Alto, the first personal computer with a graphical user interface (GUI).\n- Lampson also worked on many other influential technologies at PARC, such as laser printer design, Ethernet, and the Bravo program.\n- He later worked for Digital Equipment Corporation and Microsoft Research.\n- Lampson has received numerous honors and awards throughout his career, including the ACM Turing Award, the IEEE John von Neumann Medal, and the Charles Stark Draper Prize.\n- He is often quoted as saying, \"Any problem in computer science can be solved with another level of indirection\".\n- Lampson's website and an oral history interview with him are available online.",
    "B\u00f6rje Langefors": "\n\n- B\u00f6rje Langefors was a Swedish engineer and computer scientist, and Emeritus Professor of Business Information Systems at the Department of Computer and Systems Science, Stockholm University and Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm.\n- He was born in Ystad, Sweden in 1915 and received his training from the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm.\n- Langefors was a key player in founding the IFIP TC8 Technical Committee of Information Systems in 1976.\n- A major achievement of his work is the formulation of the 'infological equation' describing the difference between data and information.\n- Langefors published numerous papers in journals, books, and archival proceedings since the 1970s.\n- An annual award titled B\u00f6rje Langeforspriset has been announced by the Swedish Information Systems Academy since 2011 for the best doctoral dissertation in Sweden.",
    "C. A. R. Hoare": "\n\n- Sir Charles Antony Richard Hoare is a British computer scientist.\n- He has made contributions to programming languages, algorithms, operating systems, formal verification, and concurrent computing.\n- He developed the quicksort sorting algorithm and Hoare logic for verifying program correctness.\n- He introduced the CSP language for specifying interactions between concurrent processes and formulated the dining philosophers problem with Edsger Dijkstra.\n- He is credited with inventing and later criticizing the null pointer.\n- Since 1977, he has held positions at the University of Oxford and Microsoft Research in Cambridge.\n- Hoare's work earned him the Turing Award in 1980.\n- He has written several books, including Structured Programming and Communicating Sequential Processes.\n- Hoare is an Emeritus Professor at the University of Oxford and a principal researcher at Microsoft Research in Cambridge.\n- He is married to Jill Pym.",
    "C. J. van Rijsbergen": "\n\n- C. J. \"Keith\" van Rijsbergen is a professor of computer science at the University of Glasgow.\n- He is one of the pioneers of modern Information Retrieval.\n- He was born in Rotterdam and educated in multiple countries including Australia and the Netherlands.\n- He holds a degree in mathematics from the University of Western Australia and a PhD in computer science from the University of Cambridge.\n- He has held positions at Monash University, University College Dublin and Glasgow University.\n- He is the founder of the Glasgow Information Retrieval Group.\n- He is the author of two notable books: Information Retrieval and The Geometry of Information Retrieval.\n- He has received several awards and honors including being inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery, being awarded the Tony Kent Strix award and the Gerard Salton Award for Quantum haystacks.\n- He chaired the Scientific Board of the Information Retrieval Facility from 2007 to 2012.",
    "Carl Hewitt": "\n\n- Carl Eddie Hewitt was an American computer scientist.\n- He designed the Planner programming language for automated planning and the actor model of concurrent computation.\n- Planner was the first programming language based on procedural plans invoked using pattern-directed invocation from assertions and goals.\n- The actor model influenced the development of the Scheme programming language, the \u03c0-calculus, and served as an inspiration for several other programming languages.\n- Hewitt obtained his PhD in mathematics at MIT in 1971.\n- He was a faculty member of the MIT Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and became emeritus in 2000.\n- Hewitt's work on inconsistency robustness provided practical rigorous foundations for systems dealing with pervasively inconsistent information.\n- Planner introduced the notion of the \"procedural embedding of knowledge\", an alternative to the logical approach to knowledge encoding for artificial intelligence pioneered by John McCarthy.\n- The actor model of computation was introduced in a 1973 paper authored by Hewitt, Peter Bishop, and Richard Steiger and has been a focus of Hewitt's work for over 30 years.\n- A number of programming languages were developed to specifically implement the actor model, such as ACT-1, SALSA, Caltrop, E, and ActorScript.\n- Hewitt's selected works include PLANNER: A Language for Proving Theorems in Robots IJCAI'69 and The Scientific Community Metaphor IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.",
    "Carl Sassenrath": "- Carl Sassenrath is an architect of operating systems and computer languages\n- He brought multitasking to personal computers in 1985 with the creation of the Amiga Computer operating system kernel\n- He is the designer of the REBOL computer language, REBOL/IOS collaboration environment, the Safeworlds AltME private messaging system, and other products\n- Carl is currently a Principal Engineer at Roku, Inc.\n- He was born in California in 1957 and his family relocated to a small town of Eureka, California in the late 1960s\n- From his early childhood, he was actively involved in electronics, amateur radio, photography, and filmmaking\n- He graduated from the University of California, Davis in 1980 with a B.S. in EECS\n- During his time at Hewlett-Packard, he became interested in minimizing the high complexity found in most operating systems of that time and proposed his own concepts of a microkernel-based OS\n- In 1983, he joined Amiga Computer, Inc. and created a preemptive multitasking operating system within a microkernel design for the Amiga\n- In 1986, he was recruited to Apple Computer's Advanced Technology Group (ATG) to invent the next generation of operating systems\n- In 1996, he created REBOL, the relative expression-based object language, and founded REBOL Technologies in 1998\n- He currently lives in Ukiah, California and is interested in amateur radio, video production, quantum electrodynamics, and boating\n- He volunteers with the Television Improvement Association, a community organization that brings free, over-the-air television broadcasts into the Ukiah area.",
    "Carol Spradling": "\n\n- Carol Spradling is an American professor and computer scientist.\n- She served as the first Director of the School of Computer Science and Information Systems at Northwest Missouri State University.\n- Her work includes computer ethics, profession-based education, interactive media, and expanding the involvement of underrepresented groups and women in computing.\n- She taught computer science courses and served as a provost fellow and a liaison.\n- She co-founded the Missouri Iowa Nebraska Kansas Women in Computing Conference.\n- This conference gathers students, faculty, and technology leaders to address the decline of women in the computer science professions and discuss strategies for improving representation in the field.\n- She is active in the National Center for Women & Information Technology Academic Alliance.\n- She is the recipient of the 2012 Missouri Governor's Award for Excellence in Education and received the Dean's Faculty Award for Service in 2014.\n- She has published several articles related to computer science education and ethics.\n- She is associated with the Association for Computing Machinery's Council on Women in Computing (ACM-W) and the National Center for Women and Information Technology.",
    "Carroll Morgan (computer scientist)": "\n\n- Charles Carroll Morgan is an American computer scientist.\n- He moved to Australia as a teenager and completed his education there, including a Ph.D. from the University of Sydney.\n- During the 1980s and 1990s, he was based at the Oxford University Computing Laboratory in England as a researcher and lecturer in formal methods.\n- He authored Programming from Specifications, which combined high-level specification aspects of Z and rigorous computer program derivation methods of Edsger W. Dijkstra.\n- Together with Annabelle McIver, he later authored Abstraction, Refinement and Proof for Probabilistic Systems, pursuing the same themes for probabilistic programs.\n- Morgan is now a professor and Senior Principal Researcher at Trustworthy Systems at the University of New South Wales, and an Honorary Professor at Macquarie University, all in Australia.\n- His main research interests are probabilistic models for computer security and concurrency, and he is a proponent of the refinement calculus approach to program development.\n- He is involved with developing international standards in programming and informatics as an active member of several IFIP working groups, including IFIP Working Group 2.1 on Algorithmic Languages and Calculi.",
    "Cecilia Berdichevsky": "\n\n- Cecilia Berdichevsky was a pioneering Argentinian computer scientist.\n- She was born in Poland in 1925 and emigrated to Argentina as a child.\n- She began studying mathematics at the University of Buenos Aires at age 31 and had her first experience programming the Ferranti Mercury computer.\n- Berdichevsky studied computing from the visiting English software engineer Cicely Popplewell and returned home as an expert on the workings of the Mercury computer.\n- She worked as Head of Practical Works of Numerical Calculus I alongside her mentor, Manuel Sadosky.\n- Berdichevsky's work was disrupted by an Argentinian coup d'\u00e9tat that installed a military dictatorship.\n- She later became Deputy General Manager of the Argentine savings bank Caja de Ahorro in charge of its computer center.\n- Berdichevsky continued to work as a computer consultant and participated in important international projects and organizations.\n- She died in 2010 in Avellaneda, Argentina.\n- Berdichevsky published a paper in 2006 on the beginning of computer science in Argentina.",
    "Charles Bachman": "- Charles William Bachman III was an American computer scientist\n- He spent his entire career as an industrial researcher, developer, and manager rather than in academia\n- He was particularly known for his work in the early development of database management systems\n- His techniques of layered architecture include his namesake Bachman diagrams\n- Bachman was born in Manhattan, Kansas in 1924 and attended Michigan State College, where he graduated in 1948 with a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering\n- He joined Dow Chemical in 1950 and became Dow's first data processing manager in 1957\n- In 1960, he joined General Electric and developed the Integrated Data Store (IDS), one of the first database management systems using the navigational database model\n- In 1983, Bachman founded Bachman Information Systems, which developed a line of computer-aided software engineering products, including the BACHMAN/Data Analyst\n- Bachman received the Turing Award from the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) in 1973 and was elected as a Distinguished Fellow of the British Computer Society in 1977\n- He was awarded a National Medal of Technology and Innovation in 2012\n- Bachman papers from 1951 to 2007 are available from the Charles Babbage Institute at the University of Minnesota",
    "Charles E. Leiserson": "\n\n- Charles Eric Leiserson is a computer scientist specializing in parallel and distributed computing.\n- He developed the Cilk multithreaded language and the fat-tree interconnection network used in supercomputers.\n- He co-authored the standard algorithms textbook \"Introduction to Algorithms\" with Cormen, Rivest, and Stein.\n- He received his BS degree from Yale University and his PhD from Carnegie Mellon University.\n- He is a professor at MIT and a principal in the Theory of Computation research group.\n- He was Founder and chief technology officer of Cilk Arts, Inc., which was acquired by Intel in 2009.\n- He received multiple awards, including the 2014 Taylor L. Booth Education Award and the 2014 ACM-IEEE Computer Society Ken Kennedy Award.\n- He is a Fellow of ACM, AAAS, IEEE, and SIAM.\n- He received the 2013 ACM Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award.\n- He has authored multiple editions of \"Introduction to Algorithms\" with Cormen, Rivest, and Stein.",
    "Charles Geschke": "-Charles Matthew Geschke was an American businessman and computer scientist\n-He co-founded Adobe Inc. with John Warnock in 1982 and co-created the PDF format with Warnock\n-Geschke earned an AB in classics and an MS in mathematics from Xavier University, and a PhD in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University\n-He worked at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center before leaving to start Adobe with Warnock\n-Geschke served as Adobe's COO and president before retiring as president in 2000\n-In 1992, Geschke was kidnapped and held for four days before being released\n-He received numerous awards for his contributions to computer science, including the National Medal of Technology and Innovation in 2008\n-Geschke was involved in various organizations and served on boards, including the National Leadership Roundtable on Church Management and the San Francisco Symphony\n-He was a Catholic and received the St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Award from the National Catholic Educational Association with his wife in 2012\n-Geschke died on April 16, 2021, at the age of 81 from cancer.",
    "Charles H. Lindsey": "\n\n- Charles Hodgson Lindsey was a British computer scientist.\n- He was involved with ALGOL 68, an important programming language.\n- He edited the Revised Report on Algol 68 and co-wrote An Informal Introduction to Algol 68.\n- Lindsey was responsible for implementing ALGOL 68 on the experimental MU5 computer at Manchester University.\n- He wrote the complete History of ALGOL 68.\n- Lindsey was involved in developing international standards in programming as a member of IFIP Working Group 2.1.\n- He was a member of the Computer Conservation Society and part of the team restoring Douglas Hartree's Differential Analyser at Manchester Museum of Science and Technology.",
    "Charles H. Moore": "\n\n- Charles Havice Moore II is an American computer engineer and programmer born in 1938.\n- He is best known for inventing the Forth programming language in 1968.\n- Moore co-founded FORTH, Inc. with Elizabeth Rather in 1971.\n- In the 1980s, Moore designed several stack machine microprocessors and gained several microprocessor-related patents.\n- His designs emphasised high performance at low power usage.\n- In 2005, Moore co-founded IntellaSys, which develops and markets his chip designs.\n- He also developed the colorForth dialect of Forth, a language derived from the scripting language for his custom VLSI CAD system OKAD.\n- In 2009, he co-founded GreenArrays, Inc., which is marketing the GA4 and GA144 multi-computer chips.\n- Rather, Colburn and Moore's 1996 publication \"The Evolution of Forth\" is a significant source of information on Forth's development.\n- Moore's homepage, GreenArrays, FORTH, Inc., and an interview with Simple-Talk are linked in the article.",
    "Charles P. Thacker": "- Chuck Thacker was an American pioneer computer designer\n- He designed the Xerox Alto, the first computer to use a mouse-driven graphical user interface (GUI)\n- Thacker received his B.S. in physics from the University of California, Berkeley in 1967\n- He worked at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, where he served as project leader of the Xerox Alto personal computer system, was co-inventor of the Ethernet LAN, and contributed to many other projects, including the first laser printer\n- Thacker also worked at Digital Equipment Corporation and Microsoft Research\n- He designed the hardware for Microsoft's Tablet PC, based on his experience with the interim Dynabook at PARC, and later the Lectrice, a pen-based hand-held computer at DEC SRC\n- Thacker died of complications from esophageal cancer on June 12, 2017\n- Thacker received several awards, including the Turing Award in 2010\n- Further reading and external links are available for those interested in learning more.",
    "Charles Stark Draper": "- Charles Stark \"Doc\" Draper was an American scientist and engineer\n- He was known as the \"father of inertial navigation\"\n- He founded the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Instrumentation Laboratory, later renamed the Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, which designed the Apollo Guidance Computer for NASA\n- Draper attended the University of Missouri, Stanford University, and MIT, earning degrees in psychology, electrochemical engineering, and physics\n- He taught and conducted research at MIT until 1970, devoting most of his final decade to completing the Apollo computers and software\n- Draper received over 70 honors and awards, including the National Medal of Science and induction into the National Inventors Hall of Fame and National Aviation Hall of Fame\n- The Charles Stark Draper Prize, awarded annually and consisting of $500,000 in cash, a gold medallion, and a hand-inscribed certificate, was established in his honor by the National Academy of Engineering\n- Draper was a member of various professional associations, including the National Academy of Engineering and the American Physical Society, and served as president of the International Academy of Astronautics.",
    "Charlotte Froese Fischer": "\n\n- Charlotte Froese Fischer is an applied mathematician and computer scientist.\n- She developed and implemented the Multi-Configurational Hartree-Fock (MCHF) approach to atomic-structure calculations.\n- Her research on atomic structure led to the experimental discovery of the negative ion of calcium, the first known anion of a Group 2 element.\n- She was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society in part for her contribution to this discovery.\n- Froese Fischer was born in Ukraine to parents of Mennonite descent, who immigrated to Canada when she was a child.\n- She obtained her Ph.D. in Applied Mathematics and Computing at Cambridge University in 1957, with coursework in quantum theory under Paul Dirac.\n- Froese Fischer spent most of her career at the University of British Columbia and Vanderbilt University.\n- She authored over 300 research articles on computational atomic theory.\n- One of her largest efforts was the calculation of the complete lower spectra of the beryllium-like to argon-like isoelectronic sequences, covering over 150 ions.\n- Her contributions to the field have received numerous accolades, including honors from the American Physical Society, Royal Physiographic Society, and Lithuanian Academy of Sciences.",
    "Chris Lattner": "\n\n-Christopher Arthur Lattner is an American software engineer, born in 1978.\n\n-He is the co-founder and CEO at Modular AI, an artificial intelligence platform for developers.\n\n-Lattner studied computer science at the University of Portland, graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in 2000.\n\n-He has worked at SiFive, Google, Tesla, Inc., and Apple Inc.\n\n-At SiFive, Lattner led the RISC-V Product and Engineering organizations.\n\n-At Google, Lattner served as the Senior Director and Distinguished Engineer, TensorFlow Infrastructure and Technologies.\n\n-Lattner served as the Vice President at Autopilot Software at Tesla, Inc., primarily responsible for creating Swift.\n\n-At Apple Inc., Lattner was the Senior Director and Architect, Developer Tools Department, responsible for the Xcode IDE Instruments performance analysis tool, Apple Java releases, and a variety of internal tools.\n\n-Lattner designed and began implementing LLVM, an innovative infrastructure for optimizing compilers, while working with Vikram Adve at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.\n\n-Lattner also created the Swift programming language.\n\n-Lattner is the co-founder of the MLIR compiler infrastructure.\n\n-He is married to Tanya Lattner, a co-founder, president, and chief operating officer (COO) of the LLVM Foundation since 2015.",
    "Chris McKinstry": "- Kenneth Christopher McKinstry was a Canadian artificial intelligence researcher\n- He led the MISTIC project and founded the Mindpixel project\n- McKinstry struggled with bipolar disorder and had a history of suicidal thoughts\n- He died by suicide in 2006, leaving behind an online suicide note\n- McKinstry's work has been published posthumously in Psychological Science\n- McKinstry is the subject of a 2010 documentary called The Man Behind the Curtain\n- He had a failed online soap opera called CR6, leaving many creditors with unpaid debts",
    "Christopher J. Date": "\n\n- Chris Date is an independent author, lecturer, researcher, and consultant.\n- He specializes in relational database theory.\n- He attended High Wycombe Royal Grammar School and received his BA in Mathematics from Cambridge University in 1962.\n- He worked at Leo Computers Ltd. and IBM Hursley as a computer programming instructor and was involved in technical planning and design for IBM products SQL/DS and DB2.\n- He left IBM in 1983 and has written extensively on the relational model, in association with Hugh Darwen.\n- His book \"An Introduction to Database Systems\" has sold over 700,000 copies and is used by several hundred colleges and universities worldwide.\n- Some of his other works include \"Databases, Types, and the Relational Model\", \"Database in Depth: Relational Theory for Practitioners\", and \"SQL and Relational Theory\".\n- He has published articles with Fabian Pascal at Database Debunkings.",
    "Christopher Riche Evans": "- Christopher Riche Evans was a British psychologist, computer scientist, and author.\n- He was born in Aberdyfi, Wales and educated at Christ College, Brecon.\n- Evans worked as a science journalist and writer before pursuing a B.A. in Psychology at University College London.\n- He worked on eye movements at the Physics Laboratory, University of Reading, and later at the Division of Computer Science, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington.\n- Evans wrote a book about the oncoming microcomputer revolution, The Mighty Micro: The Impact of the Computer Revolution, and scripted and presented a televised series on the topic.\n- He also wrote Cults of Unreason, a study of pseudoscience, and Landscapes of the Night: How and Why We Dream, as well as edited several anthologies and reference books.\n- Evans had a significant friendship and collaboration with writer J.G. Ballard.\n- He died of cancer in 1979 at the age of 48.",
    "Christopher Strachey": "- Christopher S. Strachey was a British computer scientist who contributed to denotational semantics and programming language design.\n- He is credited as possibly being the first developer of a video game, creating a version of draughts.\n- Strachey was born into the Strachey family, which was prominent in government, arts, administration, and academia.\n- He studied at Cambridge but suffered a nervous breakdown and did not perform well.\n- He worked at Standard Telephones and Cables (STC) as a research physicist and later became a schoolteacher before joining the National Physical Laboratory (NPL).\n- Strachey developed the concept of time-sharing in computing, filed patents for computer design, and worked on programming language design.\n- He later became a computer consultant and worked on various projects for organizations such as NRDC, EMI, and Ferranti.\n- Strachey became a distinguished fellow of the British Computer Society in 1971.\n- He died of infectious hepatitis in 1975.\n- The Department of Computer Science at the University of Oxford has a Christopher Strachey Professorship of Computing and an archive of his papers is held in the Bodleian Library.",
    "Christos Papadimitriou": "\n\n- Christos Charilaos Papadimitriou is a Greek theoretical computer scientist.\n- He received his Bachelor of Arts degree in electrical engineering from the National Technical University of Athens in 1972.\n- Papadimitriou completed his Ph.D. in electrical engineering and computer science from Princeton University in 1976.\n- Papadimitriou has taught at several universities and is currently the Donovan Family Professor of Computer Science at Columbia University.\n- He co-authored a paper on pancake sorting with Bill Gates when Gates was a Harvard undergraduate.\n- Papadimitriou received many honors and awards, including the IEEE John von Neumann Medal, the EATCS Award, the G\u00f6del Prize, and the Knuth Prize.\n- His publications include textbooks Computational Complexity and Algorithms, as well as the graphic novel Logicomix.\n- Papadimitriou joined a professor-and-graduate-student band called Lady X and The Positive Eigenvalues at UC Berkeley in 2006.\n- He has received several honorary doctorate degrees.\n- Papadimitriou's name is listed in the 19th position on the CiteSeer search engine academic database and digital library.",
    "Cicely Popplewell": "\n\n- Cicely Mary Williams was a British software engineer born in 1920.\n- She studied the Mathematical Tripos at the University of Cambridge.\n- In 1943, she joined the Women's Engineering Society and became a Technical Assistant at Rolls-Royce Ltd.\n- In 1949, she joined Alan Turing in the Computer Machine Learning department at the University of Manchester.\n- She worked on the programming of the Manchester Mark 1 and wrote the Programmers Handbook for the Ferranti Mark 1 in 1951.\n- She also taught the first ever programming class in Argentina at the University of Buenos Aires in 1961.\n- After leaving the University of Manchester Computing Service in the late 1960s, she married George Keith Williams and died in 1995 in Buxton, England.",
    "Claude Sammut": "\n\n- Claude Sammut is a professor of computer science and engineering at the University of New South Wales and Head of the Artificial Intelligence Research Group.\n- He was the UNSW node Director of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Autonomous Systems (CAS) and a program manager for the Smart Internet Technology CRC.\n- His early work on relational learning helped to lay the foundations for the field of inductive logic programming (ILP).\n- His current interests include conversational agents and robotics, and he has won RoboCup competitions with UNSW teams.\n- He is a member of the editorial boards of the Journal of Machine Learning Research, the Machine Learning journal and New Generation Computing.\n- He has been involved in RoboCup since 1999 and was appointed as a Trustee of RoboCup in 2012.\n- His research interests include machine learning, robotics, user interfaces, software, and applications.",
    "Cleve Moler": "\n\n- Cleve Barry Moler is an American mathematician and computer programmer specializing in numerical analysis.\n- Moler co-authored LINPACK and EISPACK, Fortran libraries for numerical computing, in the mid to late 1970s.\n- He invented MATLAB, a numerical computing package, to give his students at the University of New Mexico easy access to these libraries without writing Fortran.\n- In 1984, he co-founded MathWorks with Jack Little to commercialize this program.\n- Moler received his bachelor's degree from California Institute of Technology and a Ph.D. from Stanford University.\n- He is a professor of mathematics and computer science for almost 20 years at the University of Michigan, Stanford University, and the University of New Mexico.\n- Moler is a member of the Association for Computing Machinery and was president of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics from 2007 to 2008.\n- He has authored four textbooks on numerical methods and has been recognized with honorary degrees and awards for his contributions to numerical analysis and software, including the invention of MATLAB.\n- Moler was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering on February 14, 1997.\n- In April 2017, he was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum.\n- Publications include \"Computer methods for mathematical computations\" and \"Numerical Computing with MATLAB\".",
    "Cliff Jones (computer scientist)": "\n\n- Clifford \"Cliff\" B. Jones is a British computer scientist.\n- He specializes in research into formal methods.\n- He proposed an extension to Hoare logic for handling concurrent programs, rely/guarantee, in his DPhil thesis at Oxford University Computing Laboratory.\n- He worked for IBM, where he contributed to the development of the Vienna Development Method (VDM).\n- He was a professor at the Victoria University of Manchester.\n- He also worked in the industry at Harlequin for a period and is now a Professor of Computing Science at Newcastle University.\n- He has been the editor-in-chief of the Formal Aspects of Computing journal.\n- He has authored and edited many books, including Understanding Programming Languages, VDM: Une methode rigoureuse pour le development du logiciel, and Systematic Software Development using VDM.\n- Jones is also interested in interdisciplinary aspects of computer science and the history of computer science.",
    "Cliff Shaw": "\n\n- John Clifford Shaw was a systems programmer at the RAND Corporation.\n- He coauthored the first artificial intelligence program, the Logic Theorist.\n- He helped develop General Problem Solver and Information Processing Language.\n- Shaw is considered the true \"father\" of the JOSS language.\n- He worked with Allen Newell and Herbert A. Simon on the concept of list processing.\n- Shaw invented the linked list, which is fundamental in modern computing technology.",
    "Colette Rolland": "- Colette Rolland is a French computer scientist and a Professor of Computer Science at the University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne.\n- She is a leading researcher in the area of information and knowledge systems, with a focus on meta-modeling, goal modeling, and situational method engineering.\n- Rolland studied applied mathematics at the University of Nancy and received her PhD in 1971.\n- In 1973, she was appointed Professor at the University of Nancy, Department of Computer Science, and in 1979, she became Professor at the University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne, Department of Mathematics and Informatics.\n- She has been involved in many European research and cooperative projects with companies.\n- Rolland is on the editorial board of several journals and the French representative in IFIP TC8 on Information Systems.\n- She has been awarded several prizes, including the IFIP Silver Core, IFIP service award, and the European prize of \u2018Information Systems\u2019.\n- Rolland's research interests include information modeling, databases, temporal data modeling, object-oriented analysis and design, requirements engineering, and change engineering, among others.\n- She has co-authored seven textbooks and authored or co-authored over 280 papers and edited 25 proceedings.",
    "Cornelis H. A. Koster": "\n\n- Cornelis Hermanus Antonius Koster was a Dutch computer scientist and professor.\n- He was born in Haarlem and moved to Jakarta after the war, but returned to the Netherlands at the age of 11.\n- Koster worked at the Mathematisch Centrum in Amsterdam under Adriaan van Wijngaarden and was one of the editors of the original Report on the Algorithmic Language ALGOL 68.\n- He became involved in developing international standards in programming and informatics as a member of IFIP Working Group 2.1 on Algorithmic Languages and Calculi.\n- Koster created the original Compiler Description Language (CDL) and affix grammars, a variant of Van Wijngaarden grammars.\n- He initiated an informatics course at the Technical University of Berlin in 1972 and became the first Professor of Informatics at Radboud University Nijmegen in 1977.\n- Koster died in a motorcycle accident in 2013.",
    "Corrado B\u00f6hm": "\n\n- Corrado B\u00f6hm was a Professor Emeritus at the University of Rome \"La Sapienza\" and a computer scientist.\n- He made contributions to the theory of structured programming, constructive mathematics, combinatory logic, lambda calculus, and functional programming languages.\n- In his PhD dissertation, he described a full meta-circular compiler for the first time.\n- He co-authored the structured program theorem with Giuseppe Jacopini in 1966.\n- He demonstrated the B\u00f6hm-Berarducci encoding which established an isomorphism between strictly-positive algebraic data types and polymorphic lambda-terms.\n- He established B\u00f6hm's theorem, which is an important separation theorem between normal forms in the lambda calculus.\n- He received the 2001 EATCS Award for a distinguished career in theoretical computer science.\n- He published a number of influential articles, including \"Functional Programming and Combinatory algebras\".",
    "D. R. Fulkerson": "\n\n- Delbert Ray Fulkerson was an American mathematician.\n- He co-developed the Ford-Fulkerson algorithm in 1956 with L.R. Ford Jr.\n- This algorithm is used to solve the maximum flow problem in networks.\n- Fulkerson was born in Tamms, Illinois and studied at Southern Illinois University.\n- He served in World War II before returning to complete his degree and later obtaining a Ph.D. in mathematics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.\n- Fulkerson worked at the RAND Corporation and later at Cornell University as the Maxwell Upson Professor of Engineering.\n- He was diagnosed with Crohn's disease and committed suicide in 1976.\n- The Fulkerson Prize for outstanding papers in discrete mathematics was established in 1979 in his honor.\n- Fulkerson also supervised the work of Jon Folkman at RAND and Tatsuo Oyama at GRIPS.\n- See also: Out-of-kilter algorithm, List of people diagnosed with Crohn's disease.",
    "DJ Patil": "\n\n- Dhanurjay Patil, also known as DJ Patil, is an American mathematician and computer scientist.\n- He was the Chief Data Scientist of the United States Office of Science and Technology Policy from 2015 to 2017.\n- He is currently the Head of Technology for Devoted Health.\n- Patil has worked at LinkedIn, Greylock Partners, Skype, PayPal, and eBay.\n- In 2004, he worked in the Department of Defense on the Threat Anticipation Project.\n- He has written two books: \"Building Data Science Teams\" and \"Data Jujitsu -- The Art of Turning Data into Product.\"\n- Patil helped launch the White House's Police Data Initiative and the White House's Data-Driven Justice Initiative.\n- The Police Data Initiative aimed to build trust between the police and their communities by releasing data sets on police actions, and the Data-Driven Justice Initiative aimed to filter low-risk and low-level offenders from the criminal system.\n- Patil supported the Precision Medicine Initiative, aimed at building the largest database of genomic information to improve medical treatments.\n- In 2017, Patil joined Devoted Health and Venrock.",
    "Dan Ingalls": "- Daniel Henry Holmes Ingalls Jr. is a pioneer in object-oriented computer programming and the principal architect of five generations of Smalltalk environments.\n- Ingalls designed the bytecoded virtual machine that made Smalltalk practical in 1976, invented bit blit, which underlies most bitmap computer graphics systems today, and pop-up menus.\n- Ingalls has made major contributions to the Squeak version of Smalltalk, including developing the original concept of a Smalltalk written in itself and made portable and efficient by a Smalltalk-to-C translator.\n- Ingalls received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and an M.S. in electrical engineering from Stanford University but did not complete his Ph.D. at Stanford as he started a company to sell a software measurement invention he perfected.\n- Ingalls received several awards, including the ACM Grace Murray Hopper Award for Outstanding Young Scientist in 1984 and the ACM Software System Award in 1987 for his work on Smalltalk.\n- In addition to his work on Smalltalk, Ingalls also developed an optical character recognition system for Devanagari writing in collaboration with his father, a professor of Sanskrit.\n- Ingalls currently consults and lives in Manhattan Beach, California, with his wife.\n- Ingalls' most recent project is a JavaScript environment named Lively Kernel, which allows live, interactive web programming and objects from inside web browsers.",
    "Dan Jurafsky": "- Daniel Jurafsky is a professor of linguistics and computer science at Stanford University\n- He is known for developing the first automatic system for semantic role labeling (SRL) with Daniel Gildea\n- Jurafsky is the author of The Language of Food: A Linguist Reads the Menu and a textbook on speech and language processing\n- He received his B.A in linguistics and Ph.D. in computer science, both from UC Berkeley, and a postdoc at ICSI, Berkeley\n- Jurafsky received a MacArthur Fellowship in 2002 and other honors and awards, including being a LSA Fellow and receiving the Atkinson Prizes in Psychological and Cognitive Sciences\n- He lives in San Francisco, California.",
    "Dana Scott": "\n\n- Dana Stewart Scott is an American logician and university professor.\n- He earned his B.A. in Mathematics from the University of California, Berkeley and his Ph.D. from Princeton under Alonzo Church.\n- He is best known for his contributions to automata theory, modal logic, topology, and category theory.\n- He introduced the idea of nondeterministic machines to automata theory and, together with Michael O. Rabin, received the Turing Award in 1976 for this work.\n- He worked at the University of California, Berkeley, the University of Chicago, the University of Oxford, and Carnegie Mellon University.\n- He collaborated with Christopher Strachey to provide a mathematical foundation for the semantics of programming languages, which became the Scott-Strachey approach to denotational semantics.\n- His contributions to theoretical computer science led to numerous awards, including the 1997 Rolf Schock Prize in logic and philosophy and the 2007 EATCS Award.\n- He proposed the theory of equilogical spaces as a successor theory to domain theory.\n- His publications include \"Finite Automata and Their Decision Problem,\" \"An Introduction to Modal Logic,\" and \"Continuous Lattices and Domains.\"",
    "Danese Cooper": "- Danese Cooper is an American programmer and computer scientist\n- She has managed teams at Symantec and Apple Inc\n- Cooper served as chief open source \"evangelist\" for six years at Sun Microsystems before moving on to senior director for open source strategies at Intel\n- She is a board member of the Open Source Hardware Association and a board observer at Mozilla\n- In February 2010 Cooper was appointed Chief Technical Officer of the Wikimedia Foundation but left in July 2011\n- Cooper is the founder and chair of the InnerSource Commons Foundation\n- She started a consultancy, daneseWorks, in June 2011\n- Cooper obtained her high school diploma from Chadwick School and her B.A. from the University of California, Los Angeles and spent time in Morocco as a volunteer in the Peace Corps.",
    "Daniel J. Bernstein": "- Daniel Julius Bernstein is a mathematician, cryptologist, and computer scientist\n- He is a visiting professor at CASA at Ruhr University Bochum and a research professor of Computer Science at the University of Illinois at Chicago. \n- He used to be a professor in the department of mathematics and computer science at the Eindhoven University of Technology.\n- Bernstein brought the court case Bernstein v. United States, which declared that software was protected speech under the First Amendment and contributed to regulatory changes reducing controls on encryption.\n- Bernstein designed the Salsa20 and ChaCha20 stream ciphers along with the elliptic curve Curve25519 and worked as the lead researcher on the Ed25519 version of EdDSA, which made their way into popular software.\n- Bernstein has written multiple security-aware programs, including qmail, ezmlm, djbdns, ucspi-tcp, daemontools, and publicfile.\n- He proposed Internet Mail 2000, an alternative system for electronic mail, intended to replace the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), the Post Office Protocol (POP3) and the Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)\n- Bernstein has published numerous papers on mathematics and computation, including proposing the use of a twisted Edwards curve, Curve25519, as a basis for elliptic curve cryptography.\n- In 2004, Bernstein taught a course on computer software security where he assigned each student to find ten vulnerabilities in published software.",
    "Daniel P. Friedman": "\n\n- Daniel Paul Friedman is a professor of Computer Science at Indiana University in Bloomington\n- His research focuses on programming languages and he is a prominent author in the field\n- He wrote a highly influential paper on lazy programming with David Wise, exploring a programming style with potentially infinite data structures and no computational effects\n- In the 1980s, he focused on studying the Scheme programming language and explored the use of macros\n- He is a prolific textbook author, writing several \"little\" books, including The Little Schemer, which is still in its fourth edition\n- He is also the lead author of Essentials of Programming Languages, a widely used textbook on programming languages\n- Recently, he has resumed work on his \"Little\" series with The Reasoned Schemer and The Little Prover\n- He has authored or co-authored several books, including Coordinated Computing: Tools and Techniques for Distributed Software and The Little Typer\n- His work has had a significant impact on the study of programming languages, including the use of operational semantics and type theory in textbooks.",
    "Daniel Siewiorek": "\n\n- Daniel P. Siewiorek is an American computer engineer and computer scientist.\n- He is currently the Buhl University Professor Emeritus of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University.\n- His research focuses on electronic design automation, reliability computing, and context aware mobile computing.\n- He has designed or been involved with the design of nine multiprocessor systems, and contributed to the dependability design of over two dozen commercial computing systems.\n- He has written nine textbooks and over 475 papers.\n- He served as Director of Carnegie Mellon University's Quality of Life Technology NSF Engineering Research Center and Department Head of the Human Computer Interaction Institute.\n- He was the former Chairman of the IEEE Technical Committee on Fault-Tolerant Computing and founding Chairman of the IEEE Technical Committee on Wearable Information Systems.\n- He is the recipient of the AAEE Terman Award, the IEEE/ACM Eckert\u2013Mauchly Award, and the ACM SIGMOBILE Outstanding Contributions Award.\n- He was awarded the IEEE Computer Society Taylor L. Booth Education Award in February 2018.\n- He is a Fellow of IEEE, ACM, and AAAS, and was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2000.\n- He received his B.A. from the University of Michigan and his M.A. and Ph.D. from Stanford University, all in Electrical Engineering.",
    "Daniel Sleator": "\n\n- Daniel Dominic Kaplan Sleator is a Professor of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University.\n- He won the ACM Paris Kanellakis Award in 1999 for the splay tree data structure.\n- Sleator was a pioneer in amortized analysis of algorithms, and he developed many data structures with Robert Tarjan.\n- He invented link/cut trees, splay trees, and skew heaps.\n- He developed the theory of link grammars and the Serioso music analyzer.\n- Sleator's paper on the move-to-front heuristic suggested the idea of competitive analysis.\n- He commercialized the Internet Chess Server into the Internet Chess Club.\n- He is the younger brother of William Sleator, a science fiction writer.\n- From 2003 to 2008, he co-hosted the talk show Left Out on WRCT-FM.\n- He is an active member of the competitive programming platform Codeforces.",
    "Daniel Thalmann": "- Prof. Daniel Thalmann is a Swiss and Canadian computer scientist and a pioneer in virtual humans.\n- He is currently an Honorary Professor at EPFL, Switzerland and Director of Research Development at MIRALab Sarl in Geneva, Switzerland.\n- Thalmann earned a PhD in Computer Science from the University of Geneva in 1977 and was a Professor at the University of Montreal from 1977 to 1989.\n- He founded the virtual reality lab (VRlab) at EPFL, Switzerland and has been a Visiting Professor/ Researcher at several universities worldwide.\n- Thalmann has published more than 650 papers in graphics, animation, and virtual reality and is the co-editor-in-chief of the Journal of Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds.\n- His research focuses on realistic computer modelling and rendering of the human form, in motion, as well as behavioural animation of virtual humans and crowd simulation.\n- Thalmann coined the term Virtual Rehabilitation with Professor Grigore Burdea of Rutgers University and is a founder of the International Society of Virtual Rehabilitation.\n- He has received several awards and honors, including the Eurographics Distinguished Career Award in 2010 and the 2015 CGI Career Achievement Award.\n- Thalmann directed the short film Rendez-vous in Montreal, which is widely regarded as the first computer film to employ synthetic actors.",
    "Darrell Long": "\n\n- Darrell Don Earl Long is a computer scientist and computer engineer.\n- He is the Kumar Malavalli Endowed Chair of Storage Systems Research and Distinguished Professor of Engineering at the University of California, Santa Cruz.\n- Long was the founder of the Conference on File and Storage Technologies in 2002.\n- He did his undergraduate studies at San Diego State University and received his Ph.D. from the University of California, San Diego.\n- Long's research interests include computer data storage, operating systems, distributed computing, and computer security.\n- He has worked on metadata for exascale file systems, data deduplication, and web caching.\n- Long is a fellow of both the IEEE and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.",
    "David A. Bader": "- David A. Bader is a Distinguished Professor and Director of the Institute for Data Science at the New Jersey Institute of Technology.\n- He previously served as the Chair of the Georgia Institute of Technology School of Computational Science & Engineering and the executive director of High-Performance Computing at the Georgia Tech College of Computing.\n- Bader is an expert in the design and analysis of parallel and multicore algorithms for real-world applications such as those in cybersecurity and computational biology.\n- His main areas of research are at the intersection of high-performance computing and real-world applications, including cybersecurity, massive-scale analytics, and computational genomics.\n- Bader built the first Linux supercomputer using commodity processors and a high-speed interconnection network.\n- Bader has received awards from IBM, Microsoft Research, Nvidia, Facebook, Intel, Accenture, and Sony.\n- Bader is an IEEE Fellow, an AAAS Fellow, SIAM Fellow, and an ACM Fellow.\n- Bader has served on numerous conference program committees related to parallel processing and has edited numerous journals.\n- In 2019, Bader joined the New Jersey Institute of Technology as a Distinguished Professor in the Ying Wu College of Computing Sciences and was named the first director of the school's new Institute for Data Science.\n- Bader is credited with the development of the first Linux supercomputer using commodity parts.\n- Bader has one child, Sadie \"Sage\" Rose, who is an avid artist.",
    "David A. Wagner": "\n\n- David A. Wagner is a professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley\n- He is a well-known researcher in cryptography and computer security\n- Wagner is a member of the Election Assistance Commission's Technical Guidelines Development Committee and the ACCURATE project\n- He received an A.B. in mathematics and a Ph.D. in computer science from Berkeley\n- Wagner has published two books and over 90 peer-reviewed scientific papers\n- Wagner served as a principal investigator for the source code review and documentation review of the California state Top-to-Bottom review of electronic voting systems certified for use\n- He has made notable achievements in cryptanalysis, including the discovery of flaws in WEP, A5/1, and Microsoft's PPTP tunnelling protocol\n- Wagner was involved in the development of the Twofish block cipher, which was a finalist for NIST's Advanced Encryption Standard competition\n- He also discovered a flaw in the implementation of SSL in Netscape Navigator in 1995.",
    "David Blei": "\n\n- David Meir Blei is a professor at Columbia University in the Statistics and Computer Science departments.\n- He was previously an associate professor at Princeton University.\n- His research interests are primarily in machine learning, particularly in topic models.\n- Blei was involved in the development of latent Dirichlet allocation, along with Andrew Ng and Michael I. Jordan.\n- As of June 2020, his publications have been cited 109,821 times with an h-index of 97.\n- Blei received the ACM Infosys Foundation Award in 2013 for computer scientists under the age of 45.\n- He was named Fellow of ACM in 2015 for his contributions to probabilistic topic modeling and Bayesian machine learning.",
    "David C. Evans": "\n\n- David Cannon Evans was the founder of the computer science department at the University of Utah and co-founder of Evans & Sutherland, a computer graphics hardware company.\n- He earned his Bachelor of Science in Physics and Doctorate in Physics from the University of Utah.\n- Evans worked at Bendix aviation electronics company as a project manager where he developed an early personal computer called Bendix G-15.\n- He became a faculty member at the University of California, Berkeley where he did several experiments on an IDIOM display hooked up to a Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-5.\n- In 1963, he was co-Principal Investigator for project Genie to produce an early multi-user timesharing system, which included key developments in virtual memory.\n- He was a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and was awarded the Silver Beaver for his role in scouting.\n- His students at the University of Utah included Alan Kay, Edwin Catmull, John Warnock, and Henri Gouraud.\n- Brigham Young University established the David C. Evans Chair of Computer Engineering and Graphics in his honor.\n- Evans had ten children, only seven of which lived to adulthood, and passed away in 1998 due to Alzheimer's disease.",
    "David Canfield Smith": "\n\n- David Canfield Smith is a computer scientist known for inventing computer icons and programming by demonstration.\n- His primary focus has been on human-com",
    "David F. Bacon": "\n\n- David Bacon is an American computer programmer.\n- He began working as a programmer at age 16 and worked for a startup during his senior year of high school.\n- At Columbia College, he worked on the NON-VON supercomputer and then on network algorithms and simulation.\n- He spent most of his career at IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center, where he worked on garbage collection and became a Principal Research Staff Member.\n- He was inducted as an ACM Fellow for contributions to real-time systems and to object-oriented language design and implementation.\n- His work on garbage collection has been used in various programming languages, including PHP.\n- He joined Google in 2014 and is currently a Principal Engineer working on the Spanner distributed database system.",
    "David Gelernter": "\n\n- David Hillel Gelernter is an American computer scientist, artist, and writer.\n- He is a professor of computer science at Yale University.\n- Gelernter made seminal contributions to the field of parallel computation in the 1980s, specifically the tuple space coordination model, as embodied by the Linda programming system he and Nicholas Carriero designed.\n- Gelernter is also known for his views on topics such as computed worlds and his belief that liberal academia and women in the workforce have a destructive influence on American society.\n- He is a former national fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and senior fellow in Jewish thought at the Shalem Center.\n- Gelernter has written several books, including Americanism: The Fourth Great Western Religion and America-Lite: How Imperial Academia Dismantled Our Culture (and Ushered in the Obamacrats).\n- In 1993, Gelernter was almost killed by a mail bomb sent by the Unabomber, leaving him with permanent loss of use of his right hand and damage to his right eye.\n- Gelernter's paintings have been exhibited, sold, stolen, and recovered in New Haven and Manhattan.\n- Gelernter has rejected the scientific consensus regarding anthropogenic climate change and evolution.\n- He has contributed to magazines such as City Journal, The Weekly Standard, and Commentary, and has published in The Wall Street Journal, the New York Post, the Los Angeles Times, and the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung.",
    "David H. D. Warren": "\n\n- David H. D. Warren is a computer scientist.\n- He worked on logic programming, particularly Prolog in the 1970s and 1980s.\n- Warren wrote the first compiler for Prolog.\n- The Warren Abstract Machine execution environment for Prolog is named after him.\n- He received a Ph.D. in artificial intelligence from the University of Edinburgh in 1977.\n- Warren worked for the Artificial Intelligence Center at SRI International in the 1980s.\n- He founded Quintus Computer Systems in 1983 with others to commercialize the Prolog compiler.\n- Quintus was sold to Intergraph Corporation in 1989.\n- Warren also worked at the University of Bristol Department of Computer Science.",
    "David J. Brown (computer scientist)": "- David James Brown is an American computer scientist.\n- He helped develop the SUN workstation system at Stanford University, which later resulted in Sun Microsystems.\n- He was a co-founder of Silicon Graphics in 1982.\n- Brown studied at the University of Pennsylvania, Moore School of Electrical Engineering, and received a B.S.E. degree in 1979 and an M.S.E. in 1980.\n- He pursued a Ph.D. degree at the University of Cambridge, England, and his dissertation introduced the concept of Unified Memory Architecture.\n- Brown worked for Digital Equipment Corporation and helped build the group responsible for introducing the DECstation line of computer systems.\n- He joined Sun Microsystems in 1992 and helped establish the process for the company's system software architecture.\n- Brown later worked on Solaris's adoption of open-source software and technologies for energy-efficient computing.\n- He was elected to the Council of the Association for Computing Machinery in 1998 and became a founding editor of the ACM Queue magazine in 2003.",
    "David Korn (computer scientist)": "\n\n- David G. Korn is an American UNIX programmer.\n- He is the author of the Korn shell (ksh), a command line interface/programming language.\n- Korn received his Ph.D. in applied mathematics from NYU's Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences.\n- He worked at Bell Laboratories in 1976 and developed Korn shell in response to problems with Bourne shell and C shell.\n- The Korn shell was backward-compatible with Bourne shell and incorporated a choice of editing styles.\n- Microsoft once included a version of the Korn shell produced by Mortice Kern Systems (MKS) in a UNIX integration package for Windows NT.\n- Korn is also known as the creator of UWIN, an X/Open library for Win32 systems, and sfio, a library for managing I/O streams.\n- He became a Bell Labs fellow in 1984 and worked for AT&T Labs Research until 2013.\n- Korn retired from Google in early February 2018.\n- His parents were Florence and Nathaniel Korn, and he married Susan Lyn Weiner in 1967.\n- Korn's son Adam used to work at Goldman Sachs.",
    "David Liddle": "\n\n- David Liddle is a co-founder of Interval Research Corporation and a consulting professor of computer science at Stanford University.\n\n- He played a leading role in the development of the Xerox Star computer system while working at Xerox PARC.\n\n- In 1982 he co-founded Metaphor Computer Systems.\n\n- He has served on the board of many corporations.\n\n- Liddle was also the chair of the board of trustees of the Santa Fe Institute from 1994 to 1999.\n\n- He has a B.S. in computer science from the University of Michigan and a Ph.D. in EECS from the University of Toledo.\n\n- In January 2012, he joined the board of directors of SRI International.",
    "David P. Anderson": "\n\n- David Pope Anderson is an American research scientist and adjunct professor of computer science.\n- He leads the SETI@home, BOINC, Bossa, and Bolt software projects.\n- Anderson received a BA in mathematics and MS and PhD degrees in mathematics and computer science.\n- He invented \"Virtual Reality Television\" and received a patent for it in 1996.\n- Anderson created the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing project in 2002.\n- BOINC is used by about 100 projects, including SETI@home, Einstein@home, and Climateprediction.net.\n- Anderson was involved in Stardust@home, Bossa, and Bolt. \n- The Berkeley Open System for Skill Aggregation (BOSSA) is a software framework for distributed thinking.",
    "David P. Reed": "\n\n- David Patrick Reed is a computer scientist from the US.\n- He was educated at MIT and has made significant contributions to computer networking and wireless communications networks.\n- He was involved in early development of TCP/IP and designed the User Datagram Protocol (UDP).\n- Reed is one of the authors of the paper \"End-to-End arguments in system design\".\n- He is known for Reed's Law, which asserts that social networks can scale exponentially with size.\n- From 2003 to 2010, he was an adjunct professor at MIT and co-led the Viral Communications group and Communication Futures program.\n- He is currently a senior vice president at SAP Labs and on the advisory board of TTI/Vanguard.\n- His 1978 dissertation introduced multiversion concurrency control (MVCC), a method for concurrent access to databases and transactional memory.",
    "David Park (computer scientist)": "\n\n- David Michael Ritchie Park is a British computer scientist.\n- He worked on the first implementation of the programming language Lisp.\n- He focused on topics such as fairness, program schemas and bisimulation in concurrent computing.\n- He was one of the earliest members of the computer science department at the University of Warwick.\n- He served as chairperson at the University of Warwick.\n- He died on September 29, 1990.\n- More information is available on the Mathematics Genealogy Project website.",
    "David Parnas": "\n\n- David Lorge Parnas is a Canadian pioneer of software engineering.\n- He developed the concept of information hiding in modular programming.\n- He earned his PhD in electrical engineering at Carnegie Mellon University.\n- Parnas taught at various universities including University of North Carolina, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt, and Queen's University.\n- Parnas received various awards and honors for his work, including ACM \"Best Paper\" award and fellowships in several organizations.\n- He is a proponent of precise documentation and ethics in software engineering.\n- Parnas took a stand against the US Strategic Defense Initiative and advocated for professionalization of software engineering.\n- He criticized the number-of-publications-based approach towards ranking academic production.\n- His seminal paper \"On the Criteria to Be Used in Decomposing Systems into Modules\" introduced the concept of high cohesion and loose coupling in modular design.",
    "David Patterson (computer scientist)": "- David Andrew Patterson is an American computer pioneer and academic\n- He has held the position of professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley since 1976\n- Patterson coined the term RISC and led the Berkeley RISC project, with 99% of all new chips using a RISC architecture as of 2018\n- He also led the research on redundant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAID) storage with Randy Katz\n- His books on computer architecture are widely used in computer science education\n- Patterson has advised several notable Ph.D. students like David Ditzel and Garth A. Gibson\n- He has won numerous awards for research, teaching, and service, including the Turing Award for developing RISC\n- Patterson is also involved in charitable work and has participated in fundraising events for the Waves to Wine MS charity from 2003 to 2012",
    "David S. Johnson": "\n\n- David Stifler Johnson was an American computer scientist who specialized in algorithms and optimization.\n- He was the head of the Algorithms and Optimization Department of AT&T Labs Research from 1988 to 2013.\n- He was also a visiting professor at Columbia University from 2014 to 2016.\n- He was awarded the 2010 Knuth Prize.\n- Johnson was born in Washington D.C. in 1945 and earned his degrees in Mathematics from Amherst College and MIT.\n- He was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery and a member of the National Academy of Engineering.\n- He was the coauthor of Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness.\n- Johnson's publications have been cited over 96,000 times, and he has an h-index of 78.\n- He died on March 8, 2016, at the age of 70.\n- See also: NP-completeness, List of computer scientists, and List of important publications in computer science.",
    "David Turner (computer scientist)": "\n\n- David A. Turner is a British computer scientist known for designing and implementing three programming languages\n- The languages are SASL (1972), Kent Recursive Calculator (KRC) (1981), and Miranda (1985)\n- Miranda had a strong influence on later programming language Haskell\n- Turner has a Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Oxford\n- He has held professorships at Queen Mary College, London, University of Texas at Austin, and the University of Kent at Canterbury\n- Turner was involved in developing international standards in programming and informatics as a member of the International Federation for Information Processing\n- He is also an Emeritus Professor at Middlesex University\n- Turner has authored several publications on programming languages and implementation techniques",
    "David Waltz": "\n\n- David Leigh Waltz was a computer scientist\n- He made significant contributions in several areas of artificial intelligence\n- He held positions in academia and industry\n- He was a professor of Computer Science at Columbia University at the time of his death\n- He received S.B., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)\n- His Ph.D. dissertation initiated the field of constraint propagation\n- He worked on new methods for information retrieval involving comparisons to large amounts of data\n- He originated the field of memory-based reasoning branch of case-based reasoning\n- His research interests included massively parallel information retrieval, data mining, learning and automatic classification with applications in protein structure prediction, natural language processing, and machine learning applications applied to the electric power grid.\n- He served as president of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) from 1997 to 1999\n- He was elected a Fellow of Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) in 1990 and a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 1998\n- He died from brain cancer on March 22, 2012, at the age of 68.",
    "David Wheeler (computer scientist)": "- David John Wheeler was a computer scientist and professor of computer science at the University of Cambridge.\n- He was born in Birmingham in 1927 and studied at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was awarded the world's first PhD in computer science in 1951.\n- Wheeler's contributions to the field included work on EDSAC in the 1950s and the Burrows\u2013Wheeler transform (published 1994). He also contributed to the invention of the subroutine and the design of software libraries.\n- He was responsible for the implementation of the CAP computer, the first to be based on security capabilities, and was involved in cryptography, designing the WAKE encryption algorithm.\n- He married astrophysics research student Joyce Margaret Blackler in 1957 and had two daughters and a son.\n- Wheeler was recognised with numerous awards and inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery.\n- He is often quoted as saying \"All problems in computer science can be solved by another level of indirection.\" and \"Compatibility means deliberately repeating other people's mistakes.\"\n- Wheeler died of a heart attack in 2004 while cycling home from the Computer Laboratory.",
    "Dennis E. Wisnosky": "-Dennis E. Wisnosky is an American consultant, writer, and former chief architect and chief technical officer of the US DoD Business Mission Area\n-He is known for being one of the creators and initiators of the Integrated Definition (IDEFs) language, a standard for modeling and analysis in management and business improvement efforts. \n-Wisnosky received his bachelor's degree in physics and mathematics from California University of Pennsylvania, a master's in management science from the University of Dayton, and a master's in electrical engineering from the University of Pittsburgh.\n-He founded Wizdom Systems in 1986 and later became the Chief Technical Officer for the Department of Defense (DoD) in August 2006\n-Wisnosky has published over 100 papers and authored or co-authored seven books \n-He is a frequent speaker on service-oriented architecture (SOA) and semantic technologies and has testified before subcommittees of both the U.S. House and Senate on U.S. productivity issues and the quality of American work life.",
    "Dennis Ritchie": "- Dennis Ritchie was an American computer scientist known for creating the C programming language and Unix operating system.\n- He worked at the Bell Labs Computing Sciences Research Center and was involved in the development of multics operating system.\n- Ritchie and his long-time colleague Ken Thompson were awarded the Turing Award in 1983, the Hamming Medal in 1990, and the National Medal of Technology in 1999.\n- Ritchie passed away in 2011 due to prostate cancer and heart disease, and his legacy is recognized in the widespread use of C and Unix in modern programming.\n- He authored or contributed to about 50 academic papers, books, and textbooks and had over 15,000 citations.\n- Asteroid 294727 Dennisritchie was named in his memory, and Fedora 16 and FreeBSD 9.0 were dedicated to his memory.",
    "Derek McAuley": "\n\n- Derek Robert McAuley is a British academic and Professor of Digital Economy at the University of Nottingham.\n- He is also the director of Horizon Digital Economy Research, an interdisciplinary research institute.\n- He has acted as a Specialist Advisor to the House of Lords European Union Committee and Chief Innovation Officer for the Digital Catapult.\n- McAuley has a PhD in computer science from Cambridge University and has held academic positions at the universities of Glasgow and Cambridge.\n- He also has industry experience, including co-founding the Cambridge Microsoft Research facility and founding Intel Research Cambridge.\n- His current research focuses on ubiquitous computing, computer architecture, networking, distributed systems, and operating systems.\n- McAuley is also interested in interdisciplinary issues related to ethics, privacy, information policy, legislation, and economics in a digital society.\n- He is a Fellow of the British Computer Society and a member of the UKCRC.",
    "Donald Firesmith": "\n\n- Donald G. Firesmith is an American software engineer, consultant, and trainer at the Software Engineering Institute.\n- He received his B.A. in Mathematics and German from Linfield College and his M.A. in Mathematics from Arizona State University.\n- Firesmith has worked as a software developer, quality engineer, configuration manager, and data manager for various companies.\n- He was President of Advanced Software Technology Specialists and an acquisition editor and editor in chief of reference books at SIGS Books.\n- Firesmith was named a Distinguished Engineer by the Association of Computing Machinery in 2015.\n- He is a co-founder of the international OPEN Consortium and the principle developer of the OPEN Modeling Language.\n- Firesmith is the founder of the OPEN Process Framework Repository Organization and the primary developer of the Method Framework for Engineering System Architectures (MFESA).\n- He has authored several technical books in system and software engineering and many technical articles, conference papers, and tutorials.\n- Firesmith is also a novelist and has written several paranormal fantasy, apocalyptic science fiction, action, and adventure novels.",
    "Donald Knuth": "\n\n- Donald Knuth is an American computer scientist, mathematician, and professor emeritus at Stanford University.\n- He is the 1974 recipient of the ACM Turing Award, informally considered the Nobel Prize of computer science.\n- Knuth has been called the \"father of the analysis of algorithms\" and is the author of the multi-volume work The Art of Computer Programming.\n- He created the TeX computer typesetting system, the related METAFONT font definition language and rendering system, and the Computer Modern family of typefaces.\n- Knuth created the WEB and CWEB computer programming systems designed to encourage and facilitate literate programming, and designed the MIX/MMIX instruction set architectures.\n- Knuth strongly opposes the granting of software patents, having expressed his opinion to the United States Patent and Trademark Office and European Patent Organisation.\n- Knuth is a writer and has written books on computer science and mathematics, as well as Surreal Numbers, a mathematical novelette on John Conway's set theory construction of an alternate system of numbers.\n- Knuth is an organist and a composer.\n- Knuth was diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2006 and underwent surgery.\n- Knuth is known for his humor, which includes paying a finder's fee for typographical errors in his books, intentionally referring to circular definitions in the index of his books, and proposing a satirical XML-based successor to TeX called \"iTeX\".\n- Knuth has received various awards and honors, including the Turing Award, the National Medal of Science, and the Kyoto Prize. He is a member of multiple academies of science and engineering.",
    "Dora Metcalf": "\n\n- Dora Stuart Primrose Metcalf was an entrepreneur, mathematician and computing pioneer.\n- She was born in Madras (now Chennai) in India to Irish parents and was the oldest of three children.\n- She won a scholarship to take an external degree with the University of London when she was 15 years old and obtained her Bachelor's degree in mathematics by the age of 19.\n- During World War I, she worked as a comptometer operator in a munitions factory and realised the potential of mechanical calculators.\n- In 1916, she was sent to Belfast to introduce comptometers into the shipyard offices and set up offices in Dublin and Cork in 1917.\n- In 1924, she founded Calculating And Statistical Services (CSS), which she ran successfully and provided international markets for information services using comptometers and tabulators.\n- She joined British Tabulating Machine Company (BTM) in 1934 and founded the Service Bureaux Division, while continuing to run CSS.\n- During World War II, BTM supplied \"bombe\" decryption machines to the codebreakers at Bletchley Park in England, and Metcalf was in charge of managing the supply contract but had to leave due to ill health.\n- She introduced the first electronic computer into Ireland in 1957 and retired in 1962.\n- She enjoyed fishing for salmon and trout with her husband, Commander John Savile Dent Metcalf, and they spent their final years in Otley in Yorkshire.\n- Dora Metcalf died in 1982 at the age of 90 and was buried in the Lawnswood Cemetery and Crematorium in Leeds in West Yorkshire.",
    "Dorothy Blum": "\n\n- Dorothy Toplitzky Blum was an American computer scientist and cryptanalyst.\n- She worked for the National Security Agency (NSA) and its predecessors from 1944 until her death in 1980.\n- She was born in 1924 in New York City to Austro-Hungarian immigrant parents.\n- After graduating from Brooklyn College in 1944, she joined the cryptologic unit of the U.S. Army.\n- During her time at the NSA in the 1950s, Blum recommended computer technologies that could be adapted for cryptanalysis and communications intelligence, including using the FORTRAN programming language before its public release.\n- Blum continued to work in computer science throughout the 1960s and 1970s, helping to design the NSA's computer systems and automate processes.\n- Blum died from cancer in 1980, aged 56. \n- The Dorothy T Blum Award for excellence in employee personal and professional development was named after her.\n- In 2004, she was inducted into the NSA Hall of Honor.\n- She was married to NSA mathematician Joseph Blum and had one son, David Blum.",
    "Dorothy E. Denning": "\n\n- Dorothy Elizabeth Denning is an American information security researcher.\n- She is known for her work on lattice-based access control (LBAC), intrusion detection systems (IDS), and other cybersecurity innovations.\n- She has published four books and over 200 articles throughout her career.\n- Denning was inducted into the National Cyber Security Hall of Fame in 2012.\n- She is now Emeritus Distinguished Professor of Defense Analysis at the Naval Postgraduate School.\n- Denning earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in mathematics in 1967 followed by a Master of Arts degree in 1969 at the University of Michigan.\n- She received her PhD from Purdue University in 1975, her thesis focusing on secure information flow in computer systems.\n- Denning began her academic career as an assistant professor at Purdue University, then held positions at SRI International, Digital Equipment Corporation, and Georgetown University before joining the Naval Postgraduate School.\n- Her key innovations in computer security include the development of intrusion detection systems, encryption technology, and multilevel database security techniques.\n- Denning was involved in the controversial Clipper chip initiative to give the government authorized access to encrypted private communications through a key escrow system.\n- She has received over 20 awards for her contributions to computer security and was named an ACM Fellow, an ISSA distinguished fellow, and a fellow of the International Information Security Certification Consortium.\n- Denning and her husband, Peter J. Denning, were married in 1974 while she was working on her PhD at Purdue University.",
    "Dorothy Vaughan": "- Dorothy Jean Johnson Vaughan was an American mathematician and human computer who worked for NACA and NASA.\n- In 1949, she became the first African-American woman to receive a promotion and supervise a group of staff at the center.\n- During her 28-year career, Vaughan prepared for the introduction of computers in the early 1960s by teaching herself and her staff the programming language of Fortran.\n- Vaughan is featured in Margot Lee Shetterly's book, Hidden Figures, and the film of the same name.\n- Vaughan was posthumously awarded the Congressional Gold Medal in 2019 and had a lunar crater and a satellite named after her.",
    "Douglas Comer": "- Douglas Earl Comer is a professor of computer science at Purdue University.\n- He is an internationally recognized authority on TCP/IP and internetworking.\n- Comer designed and implemented X25NET and Cypress networks, and the Xinu operating system.\n- Xinu has been expanded and ported to a wide variety of platforms and used by companies like Motorola and Hewlett-Packard.\n- Comer has authored numerous research papers and textbooks, including a three-volume series on Internetworking With TCP/IP.\n- He has received numerous teaching awards and is a Fellow of the ACM.\n- Comer has also received research grants for various projects related to communication and networks.\n- He has won several awards, including the Usenix \"The Flame\" Lifetime Achievement Award and has been inducted into the Internet Hall of Fame.",
    "Douglas Lenat": "- Douglas Bruce Lenat is the CEO of Cycorp, Inc. and a prominent researcher in artificial intelligence.\n- He received the IJCAI Computers and Thought Award in 1976 for his creation of the machine-learning program AM.\n- Lenat has worked on symbolic machine learning, knowledge representation, cognitive economy, blackboard systems, and ontological engineering.\n- He has also worked on military simulations and numerous projects for US government, military, intelligence, and scientific organizations.\n- Lenat is a Fellow of the AAAS, AAAI, and Cognitive Science Society, and an editor of several journals.\n- He was one of the founders of TTI/Vanguard in 1991 and remains a member of its advisory board.\n- Lenat earned his bachelor's and master's degrees from the University of Pennsylvania and his Ph.D. from Stanford University.\n- Lenat's thesis, AM, was one of the first computer programs that attempted to make discoveries.\n- Lenat called for a vast knowledge base of \"common sense\" and an inference engine capable of finding deep conclusions and arguments to make progress toward real, general, symbolic AI.\n- Lenat was principal scientist of the MCC research consortium and moved to Cycorp in 1994.\n- He estimates that completing Cyc would require at least 250,000 rules and 1,000 person-years of effort, but the team has spent about 2,000 person-years of effort building Cyc.\n- Lenat continues his work on Cyc as CEO of Cycorp and has applied it to various fields, including education.\n- Lenat has authored several papers and books, including \"Building Large Knowledge-Based Systems: Representation and Inference in the Cyc Project.\"",
    "Douglas McIlroy": "- Malcolm Douglas McIlroy is a mathematician, engineer, and programmer\n- He proposed Unix pipelines and developed several Unix tools such as spell, diff, sort, join, graph, speak, and tr\n- He was one of the pioneering researchers of macro processors and programming language extensibility\n- McIlroy participated in the design of multiple programming languages, particularly PL/I, SNOBOL, ALTRAN, TMG, and C++\n- He is a pioneer of component-based software engineering and software product line engineering\n- McIlroy earned his bachelor's degree from Cornell University and a Ph.D. from MIT\n- He worked at Bell Laboratories from 1958 to 1997 and was head of its Computing Techniques Research Department\n- McIlroy is considered a pioneer of macro processors, and his contributions to Unix had a lasting impact on modern operating systems\n- He has won multiple awards for his lifetime achievements and was elected as a member of the National Academy of Engineering\n- McIlroy has also made significant contributions to the field's algorithms, particularly sorting techniques",
    "Douglas T. Ross": "\n\n- Douglas Taylor \"Doug\" Ross was an American computer scientist pioneer and chairman of SofTech, Inc.\n\n- He originated the term CAD for computer-aided design.\n\n- Ross is considered to be the father of Automatically Programmed Tools (APT), a programming language to drive numerical control in manufacturing.\n\n- His later work focused on a pseudophilosophy he developed and named Plex.\n\n- Ross contributed to the MIT Whirlwind I computer project, which was the first to display real-time text and graphics.\n\n- Ross helped develop Structured Analysis into the IDEF0 method for the Air Force's Integrated Computer-Aided Manufacturing (ICAM) program's IDEF suite of analysis and design methods.\n\n- He was an early developer of structured analysis methods and a founding member of Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM).\n\n- Ross was a member of IFIP Working Group 2.1 on Algorithmic Languages and Calculi, which specified, maintains, and supports the programming languages ALGOL 60 and ALGOL 68.\n\n- Ross died on January 31, 2007, after a long battle with Parkinson's Disease.",
    "Dragomir R. Radev": "\n\n- Dragomir R. Radev is a Yale University professor of computer science.\n- He has worked on natural language processing and information retrieval, as well as NLP in Bioinformatics, Social Network Analysis and Political Science.\n- Radev received his PhD from Columbia University in 1999.\n- He is the secretary of [1] (2006\u2013present) and associate editor of JAIR.\n- Radev has received awards such as the Gosnell Prize (2006) and the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Fellow (2015) for contributions to natural language processing and computational linguistics.\n- He has coached and led the US national team in the International Linguistics Olympiad (IOL) to several gold medals.\n- Radev has published books including Puzzles in Logic, Languages and Computation (2013) and Graph-based Methods for NLP and IR (2011).\n- His selected papers cover topics such as natural language processing, text summarization, and gene-disease associations.\n- External links include news articles and award recognition for Radev's work.",
    "E. Allen Emerson": "- E. Allen Emerson is an American computer scientist and winner of the 2007 Turing Award.\n- He is Professor and Regents Chair Emeritus at the University of Texas at Austin.\n- Emerson, together with Edmund M. Clarke and Joseph Sifakis, invented and developed model checking, a technique used in formal verification of software and hardware.\n- He introduced computation tree logic (CTL) and its extension CTL*, which are used in the verification of concurrent systems.\n- Emerson also developed symbolic model checking to address combinatorial explosion in many model checking algorithms.\n- He received a Bachelor of Science degree in mathematics from the University of Texas at Austin in 1976 and a Doctor of Philosophy degree in applied mathematics at Harvard University in 1981.\n- Emerson and Clarke coined the term model checking for their verification concept in the early 1980s.\n- In 2007, Emerson, Clarke, and Sifakis won the Turing award for their role in developing Model-Checking into a highly effective verification technology.\n- Emerson also received the 1998 ACM Paris Kanellakis Award for the development of symbolic model checking.\n- He is recognized as one of the pioneers in computer science.",
    "Edgar F. Codd": "- Edgar Frank \"Ted\" Codd was an English computer scientist who invented the relational model for database management.\n- He studied mathematics and chemistry at Exeter College, Oxford before moving to New York to work for IBM in 1948.\n- He received a PhD in 1965 from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, advised by John Henry Holland, on self-replication in cellular automata.\n- In the 1960s and 1970s, he worked on his theories of data arrangement and issued his paper \"A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks\" in 1970.\n- Codd continued to develop and extend his relational model, sometimes in collaboration with Christopher J. Date.\n- He coined the term Online analytical processing (OLAP) and wrote the \"twelve laws of online analytical processing.\"\n- Codd received the Turing Award in 1981 and the SIGMOD renamed its highest prize to the SIGMOD Edgar F. Codd Innovations Award in his honor in 2004.\n- Codd died of heart failure at his home in Williams Island, Florida, at the age of 79 on 18 April 2003.",
    "Edmund M. Clarke": "\n\n- Edmund Melson Clarke Jr. was an American computer scientist and academic.\n- He is noted for developing model checking, a method for formally verifying hardware and software designs.\n- Clarke was the FORE Systems Professor of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University.\n- He received his Ph.D. in Computer Science from Cornell University and taught at Duke University and Harvard University before joining the faculty at Carnegie Mellon.\n- Clarke's research interests included software and hardware verification and automatic theorem proving.\n- He was a fellow of the ACM and the IEEE and received numerous awards and honors for his contributions to computer science.\n- Clarke died from COVID-19 in December 2020, at age 75, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pennsylvania.",
    "Edward D. Lazowska": "\n\n- Edward D. \"Ed\" Lazowska is an American computer scientist and Professor at the University of Washington.\n- His research focuses on high-performance computing, communication systems, and data-intensive science.\n- He has contributed to the development of approaches to kernel and system design in various areas, including thread management, load sharing, and cluster computing.\n- From 2008 to 2017, he was the Founding Director of the University of Washington eScience Institute.\n- Lazowska has held various leadership positions, including Chair of the Computing Research Association, the President\u2019s Information Technology Advisory Committee, and the Computing Community Consortium.\n- He also serves as a board member or technical advisor for several technology-oriented organizations.\n- Lazowska has mentored many graduate and undergraduate students, including well-known figures in the field of computer science.\n- He has received numerous awards and recognition for his contributions to the field, including the Association for Computing Machinery Presidential Award and the ACM Distinguished Service Award.\n- Lazowska was born in Washington, D.C. in 1950 and earned his degrees from Brown University and the University of Toronto.\n- To celebrate Lazowska's 70th birthday, funds were raised to endow a set of Lazowska Professorships at the University of Washington.",
    "Edward Feigenbaum": "\n\n- Edward Albert Feigenbaum is a computer scientist specializing in artificial intelligence.\n- He is known as the \"father of expert systems.\"\n- Feigenbaum completed his undergraduate degree and Ph.D. at Carnegie Institute of Technology (now Carnegie Mellon University).\n- He developed EPAM, one of the first computer models of how people learn, in his Ph.D. thesis.\n- Feigenbaum joined the faculty at the University of California, Berkeley in 1960 and later joined the Stanford faculty in 1965.\n- He established the Knowledge Systems Laboratory at Stanford University and was involved in important projects in medicine, such as ACME, Mycin, SUMEX, and Dendral.\n- Feigenbaum co-founded companies IntelliCorp and Teknowledge.\n- He has won numerous awards including the Turing Award jointly with Raj Reddy in 1994.\n- Feigenbaum is a Professor Emeritus of Computer Science at Stanford University.\n- His works include the Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, which he co-edited with Avron Barr and Paul Cohen.",
    "Edward Felten": "- Edward William Felten is a computer science and public affairs professor at Princeton University.\n- He was the Director of the Center for Information Technology Policy from 2007 to 2015 and from 2017 to 2019.\n- Felten was named Chief Technologist for the Federal Trade Commission in 2010 and Deputy U.S. Chief Technology Officer in 2015.\n- His research involves computer security and technology policy.\n- Felten was a witness in the United States v. Microsoft case where he demonstrated a tool to remove Internet Explorer without causing any problems with the operating system.\n- He is perhaps best known for his work on the Secure Digital Music Initiative (SDMI) challenge to break digital audio watermark technologies.\n- Felten, with help from the Electronic Frontier Foundation, sued SDMI and other copyright holders, requesting a declaratory judgment ruling that the publication of their scientific paper would be legal.\n- He discovered security flaws in a Diebold Election Systems voting machine and Sequoia Advantage voting machines.\n- In February 2008, Felten was part of the team that discovered the cold boot attack, which allows someone with physical access to a computer to bypass operating system protections.\n- Felten was named the first Chief Technologist of the Federal Trade Commission in 2010.",
    "Edward H. Shortliffe": "\n\n- Edward (\"Ted\") Hance Shortliffe is a Canadian-born American biomedical informatician, physician, and computer scientist.\n- He is a pioneer in the use of artificial intelligence in medicine, and was the principal developer of the clinical expert system MYCIN, a rule-based artificial intelligence expert system.\n- He is regarded as a founder of the field of biomedical informatics, and received the Morris F. Collen Award from the American College of Medical Informatics in 2006.\n- He has held administrative positions in academic medicine, research and national bodies including the Institute of Medicine, American College of Physicians, National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, and National Library of Medicine.\n- In March 2007, he became founding dean of the University of Arizona's College of Medicine - Phoenix campus, and in July 2009, he assumed a position as president and chief executive officer of the American Medical Informatics Association.\n- He has authored over 300 publications and 7 books on the topic of biomedical informatics.\n- He has been honored with awards like the Grace Murray Hopper Award, Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation Faculty Scholar in General Internal Medicine, and the Young Investigator Award from the Western Society for Clinical Investigation.",
    "Edward Yourdon": "- Edward Nash Yourdon was an American software engineer, computer consultant, author and lecturer, and software engineering methodology pioneer\n- He was one of the lead developers of the structured analysis techniques of the 1970s and co-developed Yourdon/Whitehead and Coad/Yourdon methodologies for object-oriented analysis/design\n- Yourdon founded the consulting firm Yourdon Inc. in 1974 and sold it in 1986\n- He predicted that the Y2K bug could lead to collapse of civilization, which did not materialize at the scale predicted and caused him to lose credibility with some in the software industry\n- Yourdon authored over 550 technical articles and 26 computer books since 1967, including \"Decline and Fall of the American Programmer\", \"Object-Oriented Systems Development: An Integrated Approach\", and \"Death March: The Complete Software Developer's Guide to Surviving 'Mission Impossible' Projects\"",
    "Edwin Catmull": "-Edwin Catmull is an American computer scientist who co-founded Pixar and was the President of Walt Disney Animation Studios.\n\n-He is known for his contributions to 3D computer graphics and was honored with the 2019 ACM Turing Award.\n\n-As a student, Catmull discovered texture mapping and bicubic patches and invented algorithms for spatial anti-aliasing and refining subdivision surfaces.\n\n-In 1972, he made his earliest contribution to the film industry, creating a one-minute animated version of his left hand.\n\n-He worked for Applicon and the New York Institute of Technology before being recruited by George Lucas to bring computer graphics, video editing, and digital audio into the entertainment field.\n\n-He became Vice President at Industrial Light & Magic computer graphics division at Lucasfilm in 1979.\n\n-In 1986, Steve Jobs bought Lucasfilm's digital division and founded Pixar, where Catmull would work.\n\n-He was implicated in the High-Tech Employee Antitrust scandal while at Pixar.\n\n-He received several awards for his contributions to computer graphics and filmmaking, including the Gordon E. Sawyer Award and the 2019 Turing Award.\n\n-Catmull's book, \"Creativity, Inc.: Overcoming the Unseen Forces That Stand in the Way of True Inspiration,\" was shortlisted for the Financial Times and Goldman Sachs Business Book of the Year Award.",
    "Edwin E. Tozer": "- Edwin Ellis (Ed) Tozer is a retired British management and IT consultant and SF author.\n- He started his career in the manufacturing and mining industry before becoming a junior systems analyst at Scicon in London in 1969.\n- In 1984, he founded Edwin E. Tozer Limited, which specialized in data management study and dissolved after his retirement in 2008.\n- Tozer is known for his early work on business information systems in the 1970s and 1980s.\n- He wrote several books, including \"Application Development Tools\" (1984), \"Planning for Effective Business Information Systems\" (1988), and \"Strategic Is/It Planning\" (1996).\n- Tozer was one of the first to propose the concept of business architecture in the field of business information systems planning.\n- His model for developing information systems consisted of four phases: determining business information needs, developing conceptual architecture for systems and data, determining key priorities and system groupings, and migration planning.\n- Tozer also wrote science fiction, including \"Morphosis\" (2010), where he speculated on the evolution of mankind as a species.",
    "Eiiti Wada": "\n\n- Eiiti Wada is a computer scientist and emeritus professor at the University of Tokyo.\n- He is the Research Director of Internet Initiative Japan (IIJ), a computer network technology company.\n- Wada is one of the creators of the Happy Hacking Keyboard.\n- In 1968, he was a member of the design team for a Japanese candidate language named ALGOL N, which was not chosen for ALGOL 68.\n- He became a member of IFIP WG2.1 in 1972, which specified, maintains, and supports ALGOL 60 and 68.\n- He was a member of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and contributed to character encoding set standards.\n- Wada helped create related Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) X 0208, 0212.\n- As of 2020, he works on computer graphics for the IIJ Innovation Institute.",
    "Eldon C. Hall": "- Eldon Hall led hardware design for the Apollo Guidance Computer (AGC) at MIT\n- He advocated for the use of integrated circuits in the AGC\n- Hall wrote extensively about the development of the AGC, culminating in his book Journey to the Moon\n- He pursued undergraduate education at Eastern Nazarene College, graduate education at Boston University, and a doctoral degree at Harvard University (although he did not complete the PhD)\n- Hall also wrote an autobiography titled From the Farm to Pioneering with Digital Computers\n- References are included in the article.",
    "Emil Post": "- Emil Leon Post was an American mathematician and logician born in Poland in 1897.\n- He is best known for his work in computability theory and developing a mathematical model of computation similar to Alan Turing's.\n- Post proved that the propositional calculus of Principia Mathematica was complete in his doctoral thesis and also independently discovered truth tables.\n- He made important contributions to the theory of polyadic groups and demonstrated that a polyadic group operation on a set can be expressed in terms of a group operation on the same set.\n- Post introduced correspondence systems in 1946 to give examples of undecidability, and the Post Correspondence Problem he introduced turned out to be exactly what was needed to obtain undecidability results in the theory of formal languages.\n- Post's problem, which he raised in 1944, stimulated much research and was later solved in the affirmative in the 1950s.\n- Post died in 1954 at the age of 57 following electroshock treatment for depression.",
    "Eric Hehner": "\n\n- Eric \"Rick\" C. R. Hehner is a Canadian computer scientist born in Ottawa on September 16, 1947.\n- He holds a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) in Mathematics and Physics from Carleton University, and a Master of Science (M.Sc.) and a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Computer Science from the University of Toronto.\n- He joined the faculty at the University of Toronto, becoming a full professor in 1983 and retiring in 2012.\n- Hehner's main research area is formal methods of software design which can apply to different types of programs, including sequential, parallel, terminating, and nonterminating ones.\n- He is the inventor of quote notation, a representation of rational numbers that allows easier arithmetic and avoids roundoff error.\n- He was involved in the development of international standards in programming and informatics as a member of International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) working groups on Algorithmic Languages and Calculi, and on Programming Methodology.\n- Hehner's other research areas include probabilistic programming, unified algebra, and high-level circuit design.\n- He has published several articles and a book called \"A Practical Theory of Programming,\" which is available for free in PDF format.\n- His archival papers are held at the University of Toronto Archives and Records Management Services.",
    "Erik Demaine": "- Erik D. Demaine is a professor of computer science at MIT and a former child prodigy\n- He was homeschooled and started university at the age of 12, completing his bachelor's degree at 14 and his PhD at 20\n- His PhD work focused on computational origami and earned him several awards\n- Demaine is part of the Theory of Computation group at MIT\n- He creates mathematical origami with his father Martin Demaine, which has been exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art and the Smithsonian Museum\n- In 2001, he co-edited a tribute book for Martin Gardner with his father and Gathering 4 Gardner founder Tom M. Rodgers\n- Demaine has received numerous awards, including the MacArthur Fellowship, EATCS Presburger Award, and Nerode Prize\n- He is a fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery and has been awarded an honorary doctorate by Bard College\n- External links include his MIT News biography and publications indexed by Google Scholar.",
    "Eugene Luks": "\n\n- Eugene Michael Luks is an American mathematician and computer scientist.\n- He is a professor emeritus of computer and information science at the University of Oregon.\n- Luks is known for his research on the graph isomorphism problem and on algorithms for computational group theory.\n- He earned his undergraduate degree at the City College of New York and his doctorate in mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\n- Luks taught at Tufts University and Bucknell University before joining the University of Oregon faculty.\n- In 1985, he won the Fulkerson Prize for his work on graph isomorphism.\n- In 2012, he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.\n- His notable publications include \"Polynomial-time algorithms for permutation groups\", \"Isomorphism of graphs of bounded valence can be tested in polynomial time\", and \"Canonical labeling of graphs\".",
    "Fernando J. Corbat\u00f3": "\n\n- Fernando Jos\u00e9 \"Corby\" Corbat\u00f3 was a prominent American computer scientist.\n- He was notable as a pioneer in the development of time-sharing operating systems.\n- Corbat\u00f3 was born on July 1, 1926, in Oakland, California.\n- He earned a PhD in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1956.\n- The first time-sharing system he was associated with was known as the MIT Compatible Time-Sharing System (CTSS).\n- He is credited with the first use of passwords to secure access to files on a large computer system.\n- Corbat\u00f3 received the Turing Award in 1990.\n- He died on July 12, 2019, in Newburyport, Massachusetts, at the age of 93 due to complications from diabetes.",
    "Frances E. Allen": "\n\n- Frances Elizabeth Allen was an American computer scientist and pioneer in the field of optimizing compilers.\n- Allen was the first woman to become an IBM Fellow, and in 2006 became the first woman to win the Turing Award.\n- Her achievements include seminal work in compilers, program optimization, and parallelization.\n- Allen worked for IBM from 1957 to 2002 and subsequently was a Fellow Emerita.\n- Allen grew up on a farm in Peru, New York, near Lake Champlain, as the oldest of six children.\n- She graduated from The New York State College for Teachers with a Bachelor of Science degree in mathematics in 1954 and earned a Master of Science degree in mathematics in 1957.\n- Her papers on program optimization were fundamental in the field of optimizing compilers, and her contributions had a significant impact on compiler research and practice.\n- Allen was a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).\n- In addition to the Turing Award, Allen received various honors and awards, including the IEEE Computer Society Charles Babbage Award and the Computer Pioneer Award.\n- Allen died on August 4, 2020, on her 88th birthday, from complications with Alzheimer's disease.",
    "Franco Preparata": "\n\n- Franco P. Preparata is a computer scientist and the An Wang Professor Emeritus of Computer Science at Brown University.\n- He authored the book \"Computational Geometry: An Introduction\" in 1985, which became the standard textbook in the field and was translated into four languages.\n- Preparata has made significant contributions to computational geometry, including the notion of \"algorithmic degree\" for controlling geometric algorithms.\n- He worked in coding theory, parallel computation, and VLSI theory, publishing several papers that received awards.\n- Preparata's recent research has focused on computational biology, including a novel approach to DNA sequencing by hybridization.\n- He received his doctorate from the University of Rome in 1959 and has published nearly 250 articles and three books.\n- Preparata is an IEEE and ACM Fellow and was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Padova in 1997.\n- He advises many Ph.D. students and is well respected in the field of computer science.",
    "Frank Harary": "\n\n- Frank Harary was an American mathematician specializing in graph theory.\n- He was known as one of the \"fathers\" of modern graph theory, standardizing its terminology and broadening its reach to include fields like physics, psychology, sociology, and anthropology.\n- Harary was a skilled communicator and often turned theorems into games or puzzles to challenge and entertain his audience at various levels of mathematical proficiency.\n- He earned his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley, and taught at the University of Michigan before becoming a Distinguished Professor at New Mexico State University.\n- He authored multiple books on graph theory, published over 800 papers, and became famous for his work on graph enumeration and signed graphs.\n- Harary also played a role in improving the DeGroot learning model in behavioral economics, and developed a method for detecting cliques in social networks.\n- One of Harary's notable contributions is the study of the \"tree square root\" of a graph and how to determine if a graph is derived from it.\n- Harary received several honors and awards for his work and contributions, including becoming an honorary lifetime member of the Calcutta Mathematical Society and the South African Mathematical Society.\n- He passed away in 2005, leaving behind an extensive bibliography of scholarly articles and books.",
    "Fran\u00e7ois Vernadat": "- Fran\u00e7ois B. Vernadat is a French and Canadian computer scientist specializing in enterprise architectures, business process modeling, information systems design and analysis, systems integration and interoperability, and systems analysis using Petri nets.\n- He received a master's degree in Electronics and Automatic Control and a PhD in 1981 from the University of Clermont, France.\n- He has been a research officer at the National Research Council of Canada and at Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique (INRIA), France.\n- He has been a professor at the University of Metz in automatic control and industrial engineering and is currently the head of the IT Infrastructure department of the European Court of Auditors.\n- He has authored over 280 scientific papers in journals, conferences, and edited books and is an associate editor for \"Computers in Industry,\" \"International Journal of Production Research,\" and \"Computers & Industrial Engineering,\" among others.\n- His research work has been dealing with enterprise architectures, enterprise engineering, enterprise modeling, enterprise integration, information systems design and analysis, and various aspects of industrial engineering such as facility layout, performance management, cost estimation, and competency modeling.\n- Some of his notable publications include \"Enterprise Modeling and Integration: Principles and Applications,\" \"The CIMOSA Languages,\" and \"Interoperable Enterprise Systems: Principles, Concepts, and Methods.\"",
    "Fred B. Schneider": "- Frederick William Schneider III is an American singer, songwriter, arranger, and musician.\n\n- He is the frontman of the rock band the B-52's, of which he is a founding member.\n\n- Schneider is well known for his sprechgesang, which he developed from reciting poetry over guitars.\n\n- He was born in Newark, New Jersey in 1951 and lived in Oceanport, New Jersey after moving there from Belleville, New Jersey.\n\n- Schneider attended the University of Georgia where he wrote a book of poetry for a class project.\n\n- The B-52's got their start in 1976 when founders Cindy Wilson, Ricky Wilson, Kate Pierson, Keith Strickland, and Schneider played an impromptu number after drinking at a Chinese restaurant in Athens, Georgia.\n\n- After the death of Ricky Wilson in 1985, the band went on hiatus but reformed in 1989 and went on to mainstream success.\n\n- Apart from B-52's, Schneider has released two solo albums and worked on a side project called the Superions.\n\n- Until late 2008, Schneider hosted a show called Party Out of Bounds.\n\n- Schneider's personal life includes being a lifelong vegetarian and coming out as gay to his mother.\n\n- He has appeared in films and TV shows and has also written a few books.",
    "Frieder Nake": "\n\n- Frieder Nake is a mathematician, computer scientist, and pioneer of computer art.\n\n- He is known internationally for his contributions to the earliest manifestations of computer art.\n\n- Nake had his first exhibition at Galerie Wendelin Niedlich in Stuttgart in November 1965.\n\n- Until 1969, Nake generated about 300 to 400 works that he showed in many exhibitions.\n\n- Nake participated in important group shows of the 1960s, such as Cybernetic Serendipity.\n\n- In 1971, he wrote a provocative note for Page, the Bulletin of the Computer Arts Society.\n\n- His book \"\u00c4sthetik als Informationsverarbeitung\" (1974) is one of the first to study connections between aesthetics, computing, and information theory.\n\n- He has been a professor of interactive computer graphics at the Department of Computer Science at Bremen since 1972.\n\n- He won the First Prize of the Computer Art Contest of Computers & Automation in 1966.\n\n- Nake's work is represented in public collections worldwide, including the Tate Gallery in London and the Museum of Contemporary Art in Zagreb.",
    "Friedrich L. Bauer": "- Friedrich Ludwig \"Fritz\" Bauer was a German pioneer of computer science and professor at the Technical University of Munich.\n- He studied mathematics and theoretical physics at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t in Munich.\n- Bauer was involved in constructing computing machinery and proposed the widely used stack method of expression evaluation.\n- He was a member of committees that developed imperative computer programming languages ALGOL 58 and its successor ALGOL 60.\n- Bauer was an influential figure in establishing computer science as an independent subject in German universities.\n- He coined the term software engineering and defined it as the \"Establishment and use of sound engineering principles to economically obtain software that is reliable and works on real machines efficiently.\"\n- Bauer's scientific contributions also spread from numerical analysis and fundamentals of interpretation and translation of programming languages to program transformation methods and systems.\n- Bauer was the doctoral advisor of 39 students.\n- He was one of the 19 founding members of the German Informatics Society and editor of the Informatik Spektrum.\n- Bauer received numerous awards and honorary doctorates.\n- The Technical University of Munich awards the Friedrich L. Bauer Prize in computer science in his honor.\n- Bauer's publications include papers on compilers, the introduction to ALGOL, and books on cryptology.",
    "G.M. Nijssen": "\n\n- Gerardus Maria \"Sjir\" Nijssen is a Dutch computer scientist, former professor of computer science at the University of Queensland, consultant, and author.\n\n\n- Nijssen is considered the founder of verbalization in computer science, and one of the founders of business modeling and information analysis based on natural language.\n\n\n- Nijssen finished his study at the Eindhoven University of Technology in 1965, and started working at Philips at the department of Commercial Efficiency Research.\n\n\n- In 1970 he moved to the Control Data Corporation, a pioneer in the field of computer science with the European headquarters in Brussels in Belgium. In those years he started fact-based modeling and developed NIAM.\n\n\n- During the period of 1982 to 1989 Nijssen was a full-time professor of Computer science at the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia, where he worked together with Terry Halpin amongst others in further developing NIAM.\n\n\n- When returning to the Netherlands in 1989, he founded PNA Group and accepted a position at the University of Maastricht, Netherlands.\n\n\n- Nijssen published more than 50 articles and 7 books.\n\n\n- Nijssen's notable published work includes \"Conceptual Schema and Relational Database Design: a fact oriented approach\" and \"CogNIAM\".\n\n\n- Nijssen developed Cognition enhanced Natural language Information Analysis Method (CogNIAM) focused entirely on the most productive protocol for the development of business requirements and integrated business modeling.",
    "Gary William Flake": "\n\n- Gary William Flake is a computer scientist and author.\n- He received his bachelor's degree from Clemson University and his PhD from the University of Maryland.\n- Flake has published works related to machine-learning, data-mining, and self-organization.\n- He worked at NEC Research Institute, Overture, Yahoo! Research Labs, and Microsoft Live Labs before founding Clipboard in 2011.\n- Salesforce acquired Clipboard in 2013, and Flake became the CTO for Search.\n- Flake has served on academic conference committees and is a member of the editorial board for the ACM's Transactions on Internet Technologies.",
    "Gast\u00f3n Gonnet": "\n\n- Gaston H. Gonnet is a computer scientist and entrepreneur from Uruguay.\n- He received his doctorate in computer science from the University of Waterloo in 1977.\n- Gonnet co-founded the Symbolic Computation Group at the University of Waterloo in 1980.\n- He also co-founded Waterloo Maple Inc. in 1988 to sell the Maple system commercially.\n- Gonnet co-founded the New Oxford English Dictionary project in 1984, which led to the creation of a digital version of the Oxford English Dictionary.\n- Gonnet is a computer science professor at ETH Zurich in Switzerland and has developed the Darwin programming language and OMA package for gene orthology prediction.\n- He is the chief scientist of Canadian startups CeeqIT and Porfiau.\n- On June 9, 2011, Gonnet and Keith O. Geddes received the ACM Richard D. Jenks Memorial Prize for Excellence in Software Engineering Applied to Computer Algebra for the Maple Project.\n- Gonnet was awarded a Dr. Honoris Causa by the Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, engineering faculty from Uruguay on March, 14 2013.",
    "Gene Amdahl": "- Gene Myron Amdahl was an American computer architect and high-tech entrepreneur\n- He was born to immigrant parents of Norwegian and Swedish descent in Flandreau, South Dakota\n- He completed a degree in engineering physics at South Dakota State University in 1948\n- He worked on the IBM mainframe computers, including the IBM 704, IBM 709, and the Stretch project, which was the basis for the IBM 7030\n- He formulated Amdahl's law, which states a fundamental limitation of parallel computing\n- He left IBM in 1970 and set up Amdahl Corporation in Sunnyvale, California, which manufactured \"plug-compatible\" mainframes and sold over US$1 billion of V6 and V7 mainframes by 1979\n- He left Amdahl Corporation in 1979 and set up Trilogy Systems, Commercial Data Servers, and Andor International, but all faced various challenges and eventually failed\n- He co-founded Xbridge Systems, which builds software to scan mainframe datasets for sensitive information, and was appointed to the board of advisors of Massively Parallel Technologies in 2004\n- Amdahl received numerous awards and patents to his credit and has received Honorary Doctorates from his alma maters and two other institutions\n- He died on November 10, 2015, in Palo Alto, California, from pneumonia, six days shy of his 93rd birthday.",
    "Gene Golub": "- Gene Howard Golub was an American numerical analyst and professor.\n- He taught at Stanford University and advised over 30 doctoral students.\n- Golub was pivotal in creating the NA-Net and the NA-Digest, as well as the International Congress on Industrial and Applied Mathematics.\n- He contributed to algorithms for matrix decompositions, including publishing an algorithm for singular value decomposition (SVD) in 1970 that is still used today.\n- Golub was recognized for his work with various awards and memberships to national academies.\n- He authored many articles and several books, including \"Matrix Computations\" co-authored with Charles F. Van Loan.\n- Golub passed away in 2007 from acute myeloid leukemia.",
    "Geoffrey Hinton": "\n\n- Geoffrey Hinton is a British-Canadian cognitive psychologist and computer scientist, known for his work on artificial neural networks.\n- He works for Google Brain and the University of Toronto.\n- Hinton co-authored a paper in 1986 with David Rumelhart and Ronald J. Williams, which popularized the backpropagation algorithm.\n- Hinton is considered a leading figure in the deep learning community and was awarded the Turing Award in 2018 with Yoshua Bengio and Yann LeCun.\n- Hinton's research includes investigations into neural networks for machine learning, memory, perception, and symbol processing.\n- Hinton has been honored with numerous awards, including the Herzberg Canada Gold Medal for Science and Engineering, and the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award.\n- Hinton is related to several notable figures, including the mathematician Mary Everest Boole and the logician George Boole.\n- Hinton has expressed disapproval of military funding of artificial intelligence and has petitioned against autonomous weapons.\n- He is optimistic about AI's impact on the job market but believes that AGI won't make humans redundant.\n- Hinton lost his second wife to ovarian cancer in 1994.",
    "George Novacky": "\n\n- George A. Novacky was an Assistant Department Chair and Senior Lecturer in Computer Science, and an Assistant Dean of CAS for Undergraduate Studies at the University of Pittsburgh.\n- He received a mathematics degree from Wheeling Jesuit College in 1968, followed by an MA in mathematics in 1971 and a PhD in mathematics in 1981 from the University of Pittsburgh.\n- Novacky's dissertation was on the chromaticity of extremal graphs.\n- He was an Associate Professor of Mathematics at the Community College of Allegheny County from 1977 to 1985.\n- He has been a faculty member of the University of Pittsburgh's Department of Computer Science since 1985.\n- Novacky received The Chancellor's Distinguished Teaching Award in 1993.\n- He has published three books including \"Computers and Networks: A Laboratory Approach to Computer Literacy\", \"Computer Applications & the Internet\" (co-authored with Y. Khalifa), and \"PDA Programming in C\" (co-authored with Yasir Khalifa).",
    "George Sadowsky": "\n\n- George Sadowsky is an American computer scientist who has worked extensively in developing countries to bring affordable internet and minimize government control and regulation.\n- He was inducted into the Internet Hall of Fame as a Global Connector in 2013 and received the Johnathan B. Postel award in 2022.\n- Sadowsky has a background in mathematics and economics, with degrees from Harvard and Yale.\n- He held various roles in academia and research, including Director of Academic Computing and Network Services at New York University and Executive Director of the GIPI project.\n- Sadowsky served on various boards, including the Nominating Committee of ICANN, the Board of Directors for the Digital Policy Institute, and the IT Advisory Council for Bulgarian President Georgi Parvanov.\n- He has also been a member of the Election Committee of the Internet Society and serves on the Board of Directors of Peoplink and the Board of Advisers of Bridge to Asia.",
    "Gerald Jay Sussman": "- Gerald Jay Sussman is the Panasonic Professor of Electrical Engineering at MIT\n- He received his S.B. and Ph.D. degrees in mathematics from MIT\n- Sussman has been involved in AI research since 1964\n- His research focuses on problem-solving strategies and formalizing them for more effective education\n- Sussman has worked in computer languages, computer architecture, and Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) design\n- Sussman co-authored the computer science textbook Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs\n- He has made contributions to AI in problem-solving, CAD, and electrical circuit analysis and synthesis\n- Sussman co-invented the programming language Scheme with Guy L. Steele Jr.\n- He is a fellow of several organizations including the IEEE and the ACM and has received multiple teaching awards\n- Sussman is also involved in the free software movement and is a bonded locksmith and member of various organizations including the AWI and the ARRL\n- Sussman is married to computer programmer Julie Sussman\n- A selection of his bibliography is listed, including Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs and Structure and Interpretation of Classical Mechanics",
    "Gerard Holzmann": "\n\n- Gerard J. Holzmann is a Dutch-American computer scientist and researcher at Bell Labs and NASA.\n- He received an Engineer's degree and PhD from Delft University of Technology.\n- He worked as an assistant professor at Delft University and at Bell Labs in the Computing Science Research Center.\n- He joined NASA in 2003 and leads the NASA JPL Laboratory for Reliable Software.\n- Holzmann created the SPIN model checker in the 1980s, which can verify the correctness of concurrent software.\n- He has received various awards, including the Prof. Bahler Prize, the Software System Award, and the IEEE Harlan D. Mills Award.\n- Holzmann has published several books, including The Spin Model Checker - Primer and Reference Manual and Design and Validation of Computer Protocols.",
    "Gerard Salton": "- Gerard A. \"Gerry\" Salton was a Professor of Computer Science at Cornell University and the \"father of Information Retrieval\"\n- He developed the SMART Information Retrieval System, which was the first system to use the vector space model for Information Retrieval\n- Salton was born in Germany and received a Bachelor's and Master's degree in mathematics from Brooklyn College, and a Ph.D. from Harvard in applied mathematics\n- He is best known for developing the vector space model and TF-IDF (term-frequency-inverse-document frequency) for Information Retrieval\n- He published over 150 research articles and 5 books during his life and was editor-in-chief of the Communications of the ACM and the Journal of the ACM\n- Salton was an ACM Fellow, received an Award of Merit from the American Society for Information Science, and was the first recipient of the SIGIR Award for outstanding contributions to the study of Information Retrieval (now called the Gerard Salton Award)\n- Bibliography includes \"Automatic Information Organization and Retrieval,\" \"A Theory of Indexing,\" and \"Automatic Text Processing\"\n- See also: List of pioneers in computer science",
    "Gernot Heiser": "\n\n- Gernot Heiser is a Scientia Professor and the John Lions Chair for operating systems at UNSW Sydney.\n- He joined UNSW Sydney in 1991 as a lecturer and became a full professor in 2002, a position he still holds.\n- He co-led NICTA's Embedded, Real-Time and Operating Systems program from its inception in 2002 to its transformation into the Software Systems Research Group in 2011, which he led.\n- He is the founding chairman of the seL4 Foundation since April 2020.\n- He focuses his research on microkernels, microkernel-based systems, and virtual machines, emphasizing performance and reliability.\n- His group developed Mungi, a single address space operating system for clusters and implementations of the L4 microkernel with fast IPC communication.\n- His research shifted towards embedded systems at NICTA, leading to the development of the seL4 microkernel and its formal verification for functional correctness.\n- He has worked on paravirtualization, device drivers, virtual NUMA, energy management, and microarchitectural timing channels.\n- He has received various awards and recognitions, such as the ACM SIGOPS Hall of Fame Award in 2019 and the NSW Scientist of the Year award in 2009.",
    "Gerrit Blaauw": "- Gerrit Anne \"Gerry\" Blaauw was a Dutch computer scientist who played a major role in the design of the IBM System/360 line of computers.\n- He received his BA from Delft University of Technology and his MA and PhD from Harvard University.\n- Blaauw worked for IBM and designed the unsuccessful IBM 8000 series, but was a key engineer on the successful IBM System/360 project.\n- He designed the revolutionary address translation system, the \"Blaauw Box\", which was later used in IBM's unsuccessful proposal to MIT's Project MAC and in the IBM System/360-67 computer.\n- After leaving IBM, Blaauw became a computer science professor and retired from the University of Twente in 1989 as professor emeritus.\n- Blaauw was a devout Christian and explored science and faith in a booklet available in English, Dutch, and Spanish.\n- Selected publications by Blaauw include Digital System Implementation (1976) and Computer Architecture: Concepts and Evolution (1997).\n- Blaauw died in Utrecht in 2018.",
    "Gillian Lovegrove": "- Gillian Lovegrove is a retired computer scientist and academic.\n- Lovegrove was Dean of the School of Informatics at Northumbria University.\n- She was president of the Conference of Professors and Heads of Computing and a Higher Education consultant to the British Computer Society.\n- Lovegrove is known for her interest in gender imbalance in computer education and employment and for discussing solutions to a shortage of information technology graduates in the UK.\n- Lovegrove studied at Newnham College, Cambridge and started her career as a lecturer in mathematics at Portsmouth Polytechnic.\n- Lovegrove conducted research on object-oriented computing and co-wrote two papers about girls and computer education.\n- Lovegrove organised \"Women into Computing\" conferences in the late 1980s.\n- Lovegrove was associate dean and head of information systems at the University of Staffordshire's School of Computing.\n- Lovegrove gave evidence on the shortage of IT graduates to the Parliamentary Information Technology Committee in 2001 and proposed joint teaching schemes between employers and universities.\n- Lovegrove was head-hunted by Northumbria University in 1999 to be Head of the School of Informatics.",
    "Gio Wiederhold": "\n\n- Gio Wiederhold was a computer scientist who spent most of his career at Stanford University.\n- He focused his research on the design and protection of large-scale database management systems, often using knowledge-based techniques.\n- Wiederhold was born in Italy in 1936 and emigrated to the United States in 1958.\n- He worked on short-range missile trajectories at NATO's Air Defense Technical Center and at IBM's service bureau before joining UC Berkeley in 1962 to develop incremental compiling technology.\n- Wiederhold joined the faculty of Stanford University in 1976 and integrated knowledge base technology with artificial intelligence concepts to provide intelligent and efficient access to databases.\n- He authored several books on database management systems and was named a fellow of various organizations such as the American College of Medical Informatics, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and the Association for Computing Machinery.\n- In later career, Wiederhold worked on various projects such as model-based transformation of relational database information, architectural concepts for mediators, and a high-level programming language for software composition.\n- He retired in 2001 and continued to work as a consultant for the U.S. Treasury on assessing the values of intellectual property exported from the U.S. as part of offshoring.\n- Wiederhold authored and coauthored over 400 published papers and reports and received an honorary doctorate from NUI Galway in 2011.\n- He died on December 26, 2022, at the age of 86.",
    "Glen Culler": "- Glen Jacob Culler was an American professor of electrical engineering\n- He was an early innovator in the development of the Internet\n- He joined the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) faculty in 1959\n- He helped put the campus in the forefront of computer science\n- He later founded his own company, Culler-Harrison, which became CHI Systems and later Culler Scientific\n- His son David Culler is also a notable computer scientist\n- He developed the Culler-Fried Online System, one of the first interactive computer systems\n- The system used a storage oscilloscope for graphical information and provided an innovative means of teaching mathematical concepts\n- He was chosen by ARPA to be one of the first four nodes on the original ARPANET in 1969\n- Culler-Harrison is considered a precursor to the founding of Floating Point Systems, Inc. and the Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW) architecture\n- He received the National Medal of Technology from President Bill Clinton in 2000\n- He was also a recipient of the Seymour Cray Computer Science and Engineering Award from the IEEE.",
    "Gloria Townsend": "\n\n- Gloria Townsend is an American computer scientist and professor.\n- She works at DePauw University in Indiana.\n- She is known for her work in evolutionary computation and her involvement with women in computing.\n- Townsend has served on the Executive Committee of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Council on Women in Computing.\n- She is the author of One Hundred One Ideas for Small Regional Celebrations of Women in Computing.\n- She received the Mr. and Mrs. Fred C. Tucker Jr. Distinguished Career Award in 2013.\n- In 2006, she organized regional celebrations of Women in Computing to coincide with the Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing conference.\n- In 2010, the celebrations were extended to 12 regions as a joint effort by ACM-W, ABI, and NCWIT.\n- Townshend has published papers on topics such as general education courses, mentors and role models, and leveling the CS1 playing field.\n- She is affiliated with the Association for Computing Machinery's Council on Women in Computing (ACM-W).",
    "Godfried Toussaint": "\n\n- Godfried Theodore Patrick Toussaint was a Canadian computer scientist and a professor of computer science at New York University Abu Dhabi.\n- He is considered to be the father of computational geometry in Canada and conducted research on various aspects of computational and discrete geometry.\n- Toussaint was a co-founder of the Annual ACM Symposium on Computational Geometry and the Annual Canadian Conference on Computational Geometry.\n- He developed the Akl-Toussaint algorithm for the construction of the convex hull of a planar point set.\n- Toussaint applied mathematical methods to the analysis of symbolically represented music and discovered the Euclidean algorithm for computing the greatest common divisor of two numbers implicitly generates almost all the most important traditional rhythms of the world.\n- He was the recipient of several prestigious awards for his contributions to the field of computer science.\n- Toussaint authored several books and book chapters on topics in computational geometry and computer science.",
    "Gordon Bell": "- Chester Gordon Bell is an American electrical engineer and manager\n- He worked at Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from 1960 to 1966, designing several PDP machines and becoming Vice President of Engineering from 1972 to 1983, overseeing the development of the VAX computer systems\n- He later became an entrepreneur and investor, founding Encore Computer and Ardent Computer, and established the Gordon Bell Prize in 1987 to encourage development in parallel processing\n- Bell also became involved in public policy, becoming the founding Assistant Director of the CISE Directorate of the NSF in the 1980s\n- He later became a researcher emeritus at Microsoft Research from 1995 to 2015, working on the MyLifeBits project\n- Bell was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 1977 and has received several other honors and awards throughout his career\n- He is also a co-founder of the Computer History Museum and has authored several books.",
    "Gordon Cormack": "\n\n- Gordon Villy Cormack is a professor at the University of Waterloo.\n- He co-invented Dynamic Markov Compression.\n- His research with Maura R. Grossman has been cited in legal cases in the US, Ireland, and the UK.\n- Since 2001, he has been a program committee member of The Text Retrieval Conference.\n- Cormack coached Waterloo's ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest team from 1997-2010.\n- He was a member of the International Olympiad in Informatics Scientific Committee from 2004-2011.\n- Cormack received his education from University of Manitoba and was a faculty member at McGill University before joining the University of Waterloo.",
    "Gordon Moore": "- Gordon Earle Moore is an American businessman, engineer, and co-founder of Intel Corporation.\n- He is the original proponent of Moore's law, which predicts that the number of components in a dense integrated circuit doubles approximately every two years.\n- Moore studied chemistry and physics at the University of California, Berkeley, and received a Ph.D. in chemistry from the California Institute of Technology.\n- He worked at Fairchild Semiconductor before co-founding Intel Corporation with Robert Noyce in 1968.\n- He has a net worth of $7 billion as of February 2023.\n- Moore and his wife established the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation in 2000, through which they support environmental conservation, science, and nursing care.\n- Moore has received many awards and honors for his contributions to the semiconductor industry, including the National Medal of Technology and Innovation, Presidential Medal of Freedom, IEEE Medal of Honor, and Dan David Prize.\n- He is also an avid sport fisherman and conservationist.",
    "Greg Nelson (computer scientist)": "\n\n- Charles Gregory Nelson was an American computer scientist born on 27 March 1953 and died on 2 February 2015.\n- He grew up in Honolulu and had a talent for gymnastics and tennis.\n- He received his B.A. degree in mathematics from Harvard University in 1976 and his Ph.D. in computer science from Stanford University in 1980 under the supervision of Robert Tarjan.\n- His thesis was titled \"Techniques for Program Verification\".\n- He contributed to program verification, automated theorem proving, and satisfiability modulo theories.\n- He received the Herbrand Award in 2013 for his pioneering contributions to theorem proving and program verification.\n- He played a key role in developing the Simplify theorem prover.\n- He made significant contributions in programming language design, distributed systems, constraint-based graphics editors, windowing systems, optimal code generation, and multi-threaded programming.\n- He settled permanently in the San Francisco Bay Area after living in Juneau, Alaska for a year.\n- He is listed in the Wikipedia articles: List of computer scientists and List of programmers.",
    "Gregor Kiczales": "\n\n- Gregor Kiczales is a computer scientist and full time professor at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada.\n- He is best known for developing the concept of aspect-oriented programming and the AspectJ extension to the Java programming language.\n- He is a co-author of the specification for the Common Lisp Object System and authored the book The Art of the Metaobject Protocol.\n- Kiczales' work focuses on allowing software engineers to create programs that look like their design to reduce complexity and improve software quality.\n- He started his research career at the MIT Lab for Computer Science and later joined the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center where he developed his most important research works.\n- Kiczales left PARC in 1999 to focus on computer science education and joined the Department of Computer Science at the University of British Columbia in 2000.\n- He designed CPSC 110, the introductory programming course in the UBC curriculum, which focuses on systematic program design by means of design recipes.\n- Kiczales co-founded Intentional Software with Charles Simonyi in 2002 but left in 2003 to return to UBC.\n- In 2012, he won the Senior AITO Dahl-Nygaard Prize for his work on the Common Lisp Object System and was named an ACM Fellow.\n- He was appointed executive director of UBC Extended Learning in July 2017.",
    "Gregory Chaitin": "- Gregory John Chaitin is a mathematician and computer scientist.\n- He made contributions to algorithmic information theory and metamathematics.\n- He is considered one of the founders of algorithmic complexity.\n- Chaitin's constant \u03a9 is a real number with properties that make it definable but not computable.\n- He is also interested in questions of metabiology and information-theoretic formalizations of the theory of evolution.\n- Chaitin has written books on philosophy, including metaphysics and philosophy of mathematics.\n- He defends a position known as digital philosophy and proposes a quasi-empirical methodology in mathematics.\n- He has received several honors, including degrees of doctor of science and professorship.\n- Chaitin's interpretations and conclusions have been subject to criticism and disagreement from some philosophers and logicians.\n- He has published several books and articles on his work and ideas.\n- Chaitin's work draws attention from computer scientists, philosophers, and mathematicians alike.",
    "Grzegorz Rozenberg": "- Grzegorz Rozenberg is a computer scientist from Poland and the Netherlands.\n- His primary research areas include natural computing, formal language and automata theory, graph transformations, and concurrent systems.\n- He is known as the \"guru of natural computing\" for promoting the discipline and giving it its current name and scope in the 1970s.\n- Rozenberg has been a professor at Leiden University in the Netherlands since 1979 and is also an adjoint professor at the University of Colorado at Boulder in the US.\n- He has authored over 500 papers and 6 books, and co-edited over 100 books and special issues of scientific journals.\n- Rozenberg founded or co-founded and served as the chair for several computer science conferences and organizations.\n- He has received numerous honors and awards for his contributions to computer science, including being named a Foreign Member of the Finnish Academy of Sciences and Letters and being appointed Knight in the Order of the Netherlands Lion.\n- Rozenberg is also a performing magician under the name Bolgani and is the father of Dutch artist Dadara.",
    "Guido van Rossum": "\n\n- Guido van Rossum is a Dutch programmer who created the Python programming language.\n- He was the \"benevolent dictator for life\" of Python until he stepped down from the position in 2018.\n- Van Rossum received a master's degree in mathematics and computer science from the University of Amsterdam in 1982.\n- He worked for various research institutes, including the Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica in the Netherlands, the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the Corporation for National Research Initiatives.\n- From 2005 to 2012, he worked at Google, where he spent half of his time developing Python and created the web-based code review system Mondrian.\n- In 2013, he joined Dropbox and officially retired in 2019.\n- In 2020, he announced that he was coming out of retirement to join the Developer Division at Microsoft as a Distinguished Engineer.\n- Van Rossum submitted a funding proposal to DARPA in 1999 called \"Computer Programming for Everybody,\" in which he further defined his goals for Python, including making it an easy and intuitive language, open source, and suitable for everyday tasks.\n- He has received various awards, including the 2001 Award for the Advancement of Free Software from the Free Software Foundation and the 2018 Fellow of the Computer History museum.",
    "Guy L. Steele, Jr.": "- Guy Lewis Steele Jr. is an American computer scientist who played a key role in designing and documenting several computer programming languages and technical standards.\n- He received his education from Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).\n- Steele worked at various organizations, including Carnegie Mellon University, Tartan Laboratories, Thinking Machines, Sun Microsystems, and Oracle.\n- He has contributed to the design of Lisp and its implementation, the Scheme language, the command set of Emacs, and the development of TeX.\n- Steele served on accredited technical standards committees, including the X3J11 for C, X3J3 for Fortran, Ecma International (formerly European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA)) TC39 for ECMAScript, and X3J13 for Common Lisp.\n- He coauthored several books, including \"The Hacker's Dictionary,\" \"C: A Reference Manual,\" \"Common Lisp the Language,\" \"The High Performance Fortran Handbook,\" and \"The Java Language Specification.\"\n- Steele received multiple awards and honors throughout his career, including the ACM Grace Murray Hopper Award and being named an ACM Fellow, a member of the National Academy of Engineering of the United States of America, and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.\n- He is also a modern western square dancer and has published light verse and \"Crunchly\" cartoons under the pseudonym Great Quux.",
    "G\u00e1bor Tardos": "\n\n- G\u00e1bor Tardos is a Hungarian mathematician.\n- He is currently a professor at Central European University and was previously a Canada Research Chair at Simon Fraser University.\n- Tardos works mainly in combinatorics and computer science.\n- He received his PhD in Mathematics from E\u00f6tv\u00f6s University, Budapest in 1988 and held postdoctoral posts at the University of Chicago, Rutgers University, University of Toronto, and the Princeton Institute for Advanced Study.\n- Tardos received several awards, including the European Mathematical Society prize for young researchers, the Prize of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences for Young Researchers, the Erd\u0151s Prize from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and the Alfr\u00e9d R\u00e9nyi Prize.\n- He received a Lend\u00fclet Grant from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 2009, and in 2020, he received the G\u00f6del Prize for the algorithmic version of the Lov\u00e1sz local lemma that he developed with Robin Moser.\n- Tardos is the younger brother of \u00c9va Tardos, who is also a renowned mathematician.\n- Tardos worked on several mathematical results, including exhibiting a maximal clone of order-preserving operations that is not finitely generated, obtaining partial results concerning the Hanna Neumann conjecture, and proving a combinatorial conjecture of Zolt\u00e1n F\u00fcredi and P\u00e9ter Hajnal that was known to imply the Stanley\u2013Wilf conjecture.\n- He also developed a method for optimal probabilistic fingerprint codes and worked out an algorithm that is easy to implement.\n- Tardos was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Rio de Janeiro in 2018.\n- His selected publications include papers on optimal probabilistic fingerprint codes, transversals of 2-intervals, on the power of randomization in on-line algorithms, and a maximal clone of monotone operations which is not finitely generated.",
    "Hans Moravec": "\n\n- Hans Peter Moravec is a futurist and adjunct faculty member at the Robotics Institute of Carnegie Mellon University.\n- He is known for his work on robotics, artificial intelligence, and the impact of technology.\n- Moravec developed techniques in computer vision for determining the region of interest in a scene.\n- He received his BSc in mathematics from Acadia University and his MSc in computer science from the University of Western Ontario.\n- His PhD thesis at Stanford University involved a TV-equipped robot that could negotiate cluttered obstacle courses.\n- Moravec co-founded Seegrid Corporation, a robotics company.\n- In his book Mind Children, he predicts the evolution of robots into a new species, starting around 2030-2040.\n- Moravec also outlined the \"neural substitution argument\" in Mind Children, which suggests that consciousness does not depend on biology and can be transferred to an electronic computer.\n- In his book Robot: Mere Machine to Transcendent Mind, he predicts a coming \"mind fire\" of rapidly expanding superintelligence.\n- Moravec's work is related to artificial general intelligence, mind uploading, simulated reality, space elevators, and the technological singularity.",
    "Hans Zantema": "\n\n- Hans Zantema is a Dutch mathematician and computer scientist.\n- He is a professor at Radboud University in Nijmegen.\n- Zantema received his PhD in algebraic number theory at the University of Amsterdam in 1983.\n- He worked in the computer science industry from 1987 to 2000 at Utrecht University and since 2000 at Eindhoven University of Technology.\n- Zantema's main achievements are in term rewriting systems, specifically in proving termination.\n- He is known for Zantema's problem, which asks if the string rewrite system 0011 -> 111000 terminates.\n- Selected publications include his PhD thesis and articles on termination of term rewriting. \n- Zantema's homepage can be found on the website of his university.",
    "Hardik Gohel": "\n\n- Hardik Gohel is a computer scientist and educational leader.\n- He is a faculty member and director of Applied Artificial Intelligence(AAI) laboratory at University of Houston at Victoria (UHV).\n- Gohel is the AI/ML research faculty at University of Houston Hewlett Packard Enterprise Data Science Institute.\n- He is also a Senior Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and executive faculty advisor of an international science group at UHV.\n- Gohel has research experience in artificial intelligence, digital healthcare, cybersecurity, and advanced computing.\n- He has received his Ph.D. in computer science from University of Hertfordshire, England, and his bachelor's and master's degree in computer science from Saurashtra University and Sardar Patel University, India.\n- Gohel has 70 publications in the journals and proceedings of national and international conferences.\n- He has received various grants, including postdoctoral travel grant, summer research grant, and multiyear collaborative federal STEM grant.\n- In 2022, UHV has received the first federal contract for research, and Gohel is the principal investigator on this project.\n- Gohel has formed a UHV student branch of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and he is associated with virtual converges of international tech communities by webinars and virtual datascience summer bootcamps for high school students.\n- Gohel has authored several books on topics such as data visualization, computational approaches for novel therapeutic and diagnostic designing, and Introduction to Network & Cyber Security.\n- He has received academic and research excellence awards from Computer Society of India, and senior membership from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).",
    "Harry Bouwman": "\n\n- Willem Adriaan Gerrit Anton Bouwman is a Dutch Information systems researcher and professor at \u00c5bo Akademi University.\n- Bouwman has worked on mobile services, business models, and business architecture.\n- He holds an MA in political science from VU University Amsterdam, a PhD from Radboud University Nijmegen, and a degree in computer science from Open University in the Netherlands.\n- Bouwman has been an assistant professor at the University of Amsterdam and an associate professor at the University Utrecht and Delft University of Technology.\n- He has also been a visiting professor at Syracuse University and Northwestern University.\n- Bouwman is the author of books such as \"Mobile Service Innovation and Business Models\" and \"Information and Communication Technology in Organizations: Adoption, Implementation, Use and Effects\".\n- He has also contributed to articles on topics such as click-and-mortar electronic commerce, advanced mobile services acceptance, and business architecture.",
    "Haskell Curry": "- Haskell Brooks Curry was an American mathematician and logician born on September 12, 1900, in Millis, Massachusetts.\n- Curry is best known for his work in combinatory logic and his development of the concept.\n- Curry's work focused on attempts to show that combinatory logic could provide a foundation for mathematics.\n- He also played a significant role in high-level programming language and the development of a procedure to convert general arithmetic expression into computer code.\n- Curry taught at Harvard, Princeton, and Pennsylvania State University for most of his career and retired from the University of Amsterdam in 1970.\n- He published major works such as \"Foundations of Mathematical Logic\" and \"Combinatory Logic.\"\n- Curry died on September 1, 1982, in State College, Pennsylvania.\n- Haskell, Brook, and Curry, three programming languages, are named after him along with the concept of currying used for functions in math and computer science.",
    "Hector Garcia-Molina": "- H\u00e9ctor Garc\u00eda-Molina was a Mexican-American computer scientist and professor at Stanford University.\n- He advised Google co-founder Sergey Brin from 1993 to 1997 when Brin was a student at Stanford.\n- Garc\u00eda-Molina received his bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering from the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies (ITESM) and both a master's degree in Electrical Engineering and a doctorate in Computer Science from Stanford University.\n- He worked at Princeton University from 1979 to 1991 before joining the faculty of Stanford University in 1992.\n- Garc\u00eda-Molina served on the U.S. President's Information Technology Advisory Committee (PITAC) and was a member of Oracle Corporation's Board of Directors.\n- He received various awards, including the VLDB 10-year Best Paper Award, SIGMOD Best Demo Award, and an honorary doctorate from ETH Zurich.\n- Garc\u00eda-Molina died of cancer at the age of 65.",
    "Herbert W. Franke": "\n\n- Herbert W. Franke was an Austrian scientist and writer who was born on 14 May 1927 and died on 16 July 2022\n\n- He was known as \"the most prominent German writing Science Fiction author\"\n\n- Franke was an early computer artist who created computer graphics and early digital art starting from the late 1950s\n\n- He was also active in the fields of future research and speleology\n\n- Franke used his pen name Sergius Both as his Avatar name in Active Worlds and Opensimulator grids\n\n- The Sergius Both Award is given for creative scripting in Immersionskunst by Stiftung Kunstinformatik\n\n- Franke received his doctorate in theoretical physics in 1950\n\n- He was a co-founder of Ars Electronica in Linz, Austria\n\n- Franke held a lectureship in \"Cybernetical Aesthetic\" at Munich University from 1973 to 1997\n\n- Some of Franke's well-known publications include \"The Magic of Molecules,\" \"The Orchid Cage,\" and \"The Mind Net\"\n\n- Franke won several awards, including the Deutscher Science Fiction Preis, the Kurd Lasswitz prize, and the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class\n\n- His works are part of museum collections such as the Abteiberg Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum\n\n- Herbert W. Franke's archive is at ZKM | Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe.",
    "Herman Hollerith": "- Herman Hollerith was a German-American statistician, inventor, and businessman who developed an electromechanical tabulating machine for punched cards to assist in summarizing information and accounting.\n- His invention of the punched card tabulating machine, patented in 1884, marks the beginning of the era of mechanized binary code and semi-automatic data processing systems, and his concept dominated that landscape for nearly a century.\n- Hollerith founded a company that was amalgamated in 1911 with several other companies to form the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company. In 1924, the company was renamed \"International Business Machines\" (IBM) and became one of the largest and most successful companies of the 20th century.\n- Hollerith died in 1929, and his legacy includes the punched card tabulating machine and automatic card-feed mechanism, as well as being one of the seminal figures in the development of data processing. \n- His patents and inventions were used for censuses around the world, as well as major insurance companies, and his punched cards continued to be used for almost a century in computer input/output.",
    "Hugo de Garis": "-Hugo de Garis is a retired Australian researcher in the field of artificial intelligence.\n-He gained recognition in the 1990s for his research on evolving artificial neural networks using genetic algorithms.\n-De Garis believes that a war between supporters and opponents of intelligent machines, resulting in billions of deaths, is almost inevitable before the end of the 21st century.\n-He has been criticized by others in the AI research community for this prediction.\n-De Garis has published several papers on evolutionary algorithms and believes that topological quantum computing will revolutionize computer science.\n-He was involved in a research project aimed at creating a billion-neuron artificial brain, but the project ultimately failed.\n-De Garis has written a book called \"The Artilect War\" in which he predicts a conflict between \"Cosmists\" who support building godlike machines and \"Terrans\" who oppose it.\n-He also predicts a third group, the \"Cyborgians,\" who seek to become artilects themselves by adding components to their own human brains.\n-De Garis is now involved in the Masculist and Men Going Their Own Way movements, and has written essays on anti-Semitic conspiracy theories.",
    "Hussein Zedan": "\n\n- Hussein S. M. Zedan was a computer scientist of Egyptian descent, based mainly in the United Kingdom.\n\n- He received his PhD degree in 1981 at the University of Bristol, studying under John Derwent Pryce and Hubert Schwetlick.\n\n- Zedan was an academic in the Department of Computer Science at the University of York and later headed the Software Technology Research Laboratory (STRL) as Technical Director at De Montfort University.\n\n- He was also Head of Computing Research and subsequently appointed Assistant Vice-President of Academic Affairs and Development at the Applied Science University in Manama, Bahrain, until 2017.\n\n- Hussein Zedan died on 23 February 2019. He was married with two daughters.\n\n- Zedan published several papers, focusing on topics such as distributed computer systems, real-time systems, and formal specifications and testing.",
    "Ian Coldwater": "\n\n- Ian Coldwater is a computer security specialist, hacker, and speaker.\n- They specialize in Kubernetes and cloud native security.\n- Coldwater is a security architect at Twilio and co-chairs the Kubernetes special interest group, Kubernetes SIG Security.\n- They started in DevOps before focusing on security in their thirties.\n- Coldwater has spoken at conferences such as DEF CON, Black Hat, RSA Conference, and KubeCon.\n- They received the Top Ambassador award from the Cloud Native Computing Foundation in 2020.\n- Coldwater co-developed the \"canonical offensive Kubernetes one-liner\" with Duffie Cooley.\n- They are politically identified as an anarchist and live in Minneapolis, Minnesota.\n- Kelsey Hightower is a related figure.\n- Coldwater's Twitter profile is available for more information.",
    "Ian Goldberg": "\n\n- Ian Goldberg is a cryptographer and cypherpunk.\n- He is known for breaking Netscape's implementation of SSL with David Wagner.\n- Goldberg was the chief scientist of Radialpoint and is currently a professor at the University of Waterloo and the Canada Research Chair in Privacy Enhancing Technologies.\n- He was formerly Tor Project board of directors chairman and is one of the designers of off the record messaging.\n- Goldberg attended the University of Toronto Schools for high school and received a B.Math from the University of Waterloo in pure mathematics and computer science.\n- He obtained a Ph.D. from UC Berkeley with a thesis entitled \"A Pseudonymous Communications Infrastructure for the Internet\" advised by Eric Brewer.\n- Goldberg won bronze, silver, and gold medals respectively as a member of Canada's team to the International Math Olympiad from 1989 to 1991.\n- He co-discovered the flaw in the random number generator used for temporary key generation in the SSL implementation of Netscape Navigator in 1995 with David Wagner.\n- Goldberg co-authored the Off-the-Record instant messaging encryption protocol.\n- He co-authored the Sphinx Mix Format in 2009, which is now implemented to increase privacy while routing Bitcoin payments through the Lightning Network.\n- Goldberg is a member of the Cryptography, Security and Privacy group and the Cybersecurity and Privacy Institute.",
    "Ian Goodfellow": "\n\n- Ian J. Goodfellow is an American computer scientist, engineer, and executive.\n- He is most noted for his work on artificial neural networks and deep learning.\n- Goodfellow co-wrote the textbook Deep Learning and wrote the chapter on deep learning in the most popular textbook in the field of artificial intelligence.\n- Goodfellow obtained his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. in computer science and machine learning.\n- He previously worked at Google Brain, OpenAI, and Apple as director of machine learning in the Special Projects Group.\n- Goodfellow invented generative adversarial networks (GAN), using deep learning to generate images.\n- He developed a system enabling Google Maps to automatically transcribe addresses from photos taken by Street View cars and demonstrated security vulnerabilities of machine learning systems.\n- Goodfellow was cited in MIT Technology Review's 35 Innovators Under 35 and included in Foreign Policy's list of 100 Global Thinkers.",
    "Igor Hawryszkiewycz": "\n\n- Igor Titus Hawryszkiewycz is a computer scientist and organizational theorist.\n- He is a Professor at the School of Systems, Management and Leadership at the University of Technology, Sydney.\n- His work is mainly focused on database systems, systems analysis, and knowledge management.\n- He obtained his PhD in computer science from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1973.\n- Hawryszkiewycz started his academic career as a lecturer in Information Systems at the University of Canberra in 1975.\n- He has been a Professor at the University of Technology, Sydney since 1986 and has been Head of its Department of Information Systems.\n- Hawryszkiewycz's research interests are in developing design thinking environments to provide business solutions and facilitating agility and evolution of business systems through collaboration.\n- Some of his selected publications include \"Semantics of data base systems,\" \"Introduction to systems analysis and design,\" and \"Knowledge Management: Organizing Knowledge Based Enterprises.\" \n- He also published \"A metamodel for modeling collaborative systems\" in 2005.\n- More information about him can be found on the University of Technology, Sydney's website.",
    "Ivan Sutherland": "- Ivan Edward Sutherland is an American computer scientist and Internet pioneer known for his work in computer graphics.\n- He co-developed several foundational elements of modern computer graphics while teaching with David C. Evans at the University of Utah in the 1970s.\n- Sutherland received the Turing Award in 1988 for his invention of Sketchpad, an early graphical user interface.\n- He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and the National Academy of Sciences and has won numerous awards, including the Kyoto Prize in Advanced Technology in 2012.\n- Sutherland has held academic positions at MIT, Harvard, and Caltech, and founded the computer science department at Caltech.\n- He co-founded Evans & Sutherland, which did pioneering work in real-time hardware and accelerated 3D computer graphics.\n- Sutherland has over 60 patents, many of which relate to computer graphics and communication.\n- His PhD thesis on Sketchpad was supervised by Claude Shannon, father of information theory.\n- Sutherland has published several technical reports and essays on computer graphics and technology.",
    "Ivar Jacobson": "- Ivar Jacobson is a Swedish computer scientist and software engineer\n- He is a major contributor to UML, Objectory, Rational Unified Process (RUP), aspect-oriented software development and Essence\n- Jacobson worked at Ericsson, where he proposed the use of software components, invented sequence and collaboration diagrams, and developed SDL\n- At Objectory, he developed Object-Oriented Software Engineering (OOSE) and invented use cases\n- When Objectory was divested to Rational Software, Jacobson worked with Grady Booch and James Rumbaugh on UML and the Rational Unified Process\n- Jacobson formed Ivar Jacobson International (IJI) in 2003, which operates offices in various countries\n- In 2005, he announced the Essential Unified Process (EssUP) for software development, which integrated practices from unified process, agile software development, and process improvement camps\n- Jacobson and his team later developed EssWork, a framework for working with methods based on a kernel of universal elements and 15 defined practices\n- Jacobson also started the SEMAT initiative in 2009 with Bertrand Meyer and Richard Soley to develop a rigorous, theoretically-based approach to software engineering, which resulted in Essence, an OMG standard since 2014\n- Jacobson has published several books and articles on software engineering topics.",
    "J.C.R. Licklider": "\n\n- J.C.R Licklider was an American psychologist and computer scientist.\n- He is considered one of the most prominent figures in computer science and is regarded as an Internet pioneer.\n- His most notable work includes foreseeing modern-style interactive computing and implementing it in all activities.\n- Licklider funded research that led to the development of the canonical graphical user interface and the ARPANET, the precursor to the Internet.\n- He has been called \"computing's Johnny Appleseed\" for planting the seeds of computing in the digital age.\n- His ideas and contributions to the development of the Internet and personal computing are considered visionary.\n- Licklider was involved in several projects, including the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) and Project MAC, a time-sharing system that led to the development of servers.\n- Licklider's contribution to the development of the Internet consists of ideas, not inventions, and focused on the need for networked computers with easy user interfaces.\n- His most notable publication was his 1960 paper \"Man-Computer Symbiosis\", which outlined the need for simpler interaction between computers and computer users.\n- Licklider died in 1990, leaving behind a legacy that revolutionized the field of computing.",
    "J Strother Moore": "\n\n- J Strother Moore is a computer scientist, known for developing multiple algorithms and data structures.\n- He co-developed the Boyer-Moore string-search algorithm, automated theorem prover Nqthm, and Boyer-Moore majority vote algorithm.\n- He made pioneering contributions to structure sharing and early logic programming.\n- He received his BS in mathematics from MIT in 1970 and his PhD in computational logic from the University of Edinburgh in 1973.\n- He is a co-author of the ACL2 automated theorem prover and its predecessors, for which he received the 2005 ACM Software System Award.\n- He received the 1999 Herbrand Award and was elected as a Fellow in the Association for Computing Machinery in 2006.\n- He was elected as a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2007 and a Corresponding Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 2015.\n- He is the Admiral B.R. Inman Centennial Chair in Computing Theory at The University of Texas at Austin and was the chair of the Department of Computer Science from 2001-2009.\n- He formed Computational Logic Inc. before joining the University of Texas with Robert S. Boyer.\n- He enjoys rock climbing.",
    "Jack Dongarra": "\n\n- Jack Joseph Dongarra is an American computer scientist and mathematician. \n- He is currently the American University Distinguished Professor of Computer Science in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department at the University of Tennessee. \n- He is also a Distinguished Research Staff member at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, a Turing Fellow at the University of Manchester, and an adjunct professor in the Computer Science Department at Rice University. \n- He served as a faculty fellow at the Texas A&M University Institute for Advanced Study from 2014 to 2018. \n- Dongarra is the founding director of the Innovative Computing Laboratory at the University of Tennessee. \n- He specializes in numerical algorithms in linear algebra, parallel computing, programming methodology, and tools for parallel computers. \n- His research includes the development, testing, and documentation of high-quality mathematical software, including open-source packages such as EISPACK, LINPACK, BLAS, LAPACK, ScaLAPACK, PVM, MPI, NetSolve, TOP500, ATLAS, HPCG, and PAPI. \n- He has also contributed to the distribution of numeric open-source code collected in Netlib. \n- Dongarra has published approximately 300 articles, papers, and technical memoranda and has co-authored several books. \n- He has received numerous awards and honors for his contributions to high-performance computing, including the 2021 Turing Award for pioneering concepts and methods that fueled the growth of high-performance computing and had significant impacts in many areas of computational science. \n- He is a fellow of several professional associations and a member of the US National Academy of Engineering.",
    "Jack E. Bresenham": "\n\n- Jack Elton Bresenham is a former professor of computer science.\n- He worked at IBM for 27 years as a Senior Technical Staff Member before retiring in 1987.\n- He taught for 16 years at Winthrop University and holds nine patents.\n- Bresenham's most well-known innovation is the Bresenham line algorithm, developed in 1962.\n- The algorithm determines which points on a 2-dimensional raster should be plotted to form a straight line between two given points and is commonly used in computer graphics.\n- Bresenham also developed the midpoint circle algorithm, known as Bresenham's circle algorithm.\n- He has four children: Janet, Craig, Linda, and David.\n- Bresenham holds a Ph.D. from Stanford University, an MSIE from Stanford University, and a BSEE from the University of New Mexico.\n- See also: List of computer scientists and Bresenham's line algorithm.",
    "Jack Minker": "\n\n- Jack Minker was an authority in artificial intelligence, deductive databases, logic programming and non-monotonic reasoning.\n- He was an Emeritus Professor in the University of Maryland Department of Computer Science.\n- Minker was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1927 and received his PhD from the University of Pennsylvania in 1959.\n- He started his career in industry before joining the University of Maryland in 1967.\n- Minker was one of the founders of the area of deductive databases and disjunctive logic programming.\n- He made important contributions to semantic query optimization and to cooperative and informative answers for deductive databases.\n- Minker has over 150 refereed publications and has edited or co-edited five books on deductive databases, logic programming, and the use of logic in artificial intelligence.\n- Minker was Vice-Chairman of the Committee of Concerned Scientists since 1973 and Vice-Chairman of the Committee on Scientific Freedom and Human Rights (CSFHR) of the Association for Computing Machinery from 1980 to 1989.\n- He received many honors and awards, including being elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in 1989 and receiving the ACM Allen Newell Award in 2005.\n- Minker\u2019s memoir, Scientific Freedom & Human Rights: Scientists of Conscience During the Cold War, was published in 2012.",
    "Jacques Cohen (computer scientist)": "\n\n- Jacques Cohen is a Professor Emeritus of Computer Science and of the Volen National Center for Complex Systems at Brandeis University.\n- He has worked on algorithms, parsing and compiling, memory management, logic and constraint logic programming, and parallelism.\n- Cohen's work includes experimentation, education, and research, directed and carried out at many institutions of higher learning.\n- In 1997, the Association for Logic Programming recognized Cohen as one of the fifteen \"Founders of Logic Programming\".\n- Cohen attended the Engineering School of the State University of Minas Geraes in Brazil and graduated with a degree in Civil Engineering.\n- Cohen decided to become a structural engineer and completed his doctoral dissertation at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.\n- Cohen returned to Brazil and practiced programming on the Burroughs 205, an early electronic computer.\n- In the early 1960s, Cohen obtained a summer position at the Bull computer company in Paris.\n- After his time in France, Cohen was offered a research position in MIT\u2019s Civil Engineering department, which he held for one year. \n- Cohen was the founder of the Computer Science Department at Brandeis University.\n- He served as the chairman of the Computer Science department for thirteen years and was appointed as editor-in-chief of the Communications of the ACM for four years. \n- External Link: http://jacquescohen.com.br",
    "Jaime Teevan": "\n\n- Jaime Teevan is a computer scientist known for her research in human-computer interaction and information retrieval, particularly personalized search.\n- She holds a B.S. in Computer Science from Yale University and a Ph.D. and S.M. from MIT.\n- Teevan is currently Chief Scientist and a corporate vice president at Microsoft and an affiliate associate professor at the University of Washington.\n- She has worked on microproductivity and selfsourcing, breaking down complex tasks into smaller ones and completing them by the task owner rather than crowd workers.\n- Teevan has received several awards for her contributions to the field, including a Technology Review (TR35) 2009 Young Innovator award, the CRA-W Borg Early Career Award (BECA) in 2014, and the Karen Sp\u00e4rck Jones award in 2016.\n- She has four children and advocates for helping researchers integrate parenthood and academic efforts.",
    "James Cooley": "\n\n- James William Cooley was an American mathematician.\n- He received his B.A. degree from Manhattan College and Ph.D. degree in applied mathematics from Columbia University.\n- He worked on John von Neumann's computer, where he programmed the Blackman\u2013Tukey transformation.\n- He co-developed the fast Fourier transform with John Tukey while working for the research division of IBM in 1965.\n- Dr. Richard L. Garwin at IBM Watson Research provided the motivation for this development to verify a nuclear arms treaty with the Soviet Union.\n- Cooley was a member of the Digital Signal Processing Committee of the IEEE, received the IEEE Centennial Medal, and in 2002, he received the IEEE Jack S. Kilby Signal Processing Medal.\n- He contributed to establishing the terminology in digital signal processing.\n- Cooley published various papers, including the Numerov-Cooley method for numerically solving one-dimensional Schr\u00f6dinger equations.\n- He is listed as a pioneer in computer science.\n- His profile is available on the Mathematics Genealogy Project.",
    "James G. Mitchell": "\n\n- James George \"Jim\" Mitchell is a Canadian computer scientist.\n- He has worked on programming language design and implementation, interactive programming systems, user interface design, and more.\n- He was born in Kitchener, Ontario, and graduated from the University of Waterloo with a degree in mathematics in 1966.\n- He helped establish Waterloo's reputation for computer science research through his work on the WATFOR compiler project.\n- He earned a PhD in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University in 1970.\n- He worked at Xerox PARC, Acorn Computers, and Sun Microsystems, where he was Vice President and Chief Technology Officer for Java Consumer & Embedded products.\n- He was also Principal Investigator on a research program sponsored by DARPA and Sun.\n- He retired from Oracle Labs in 2014.\n- He has received awards, including the J.W. Graham Medal in Computing and Innovation from the University of Waterloo.\n- He serves as Science Advisory Board Chairperson for the Curci Foundation.",
    "James G. Nell": "\n\n- James G. \"Jim\" Nell is an American engineer known for his work on enterprise integration.\n- He received a BSEE from Drexel University and an MBA from Bowling Green State University.\n- He worked at Westinghouse Electric Company before becoming the principal investigator of the Manufacturing Enterprise Integration Project at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) from 1993-2000.\n- Nell has focused on product-information representation, enterprise integration, and standards for information representation and enterprise integration.\n- He has been a Convener of ISO TC184 SC5 WG1 and a member of the US delegation to SC5 and advisory groups to TC184 and SC5.\n- Nell's work on enterprise integration aims to provide the right information, at the right place, at the right time.\n- The Manufacturing Enterprise Integration Project aimed to improve business process interoperability by developing standards for better software application information sharing.\n- Nell has published several scientific and professional papers and edited multiple books on enterprise engineering and integration.",
    "James Gosling": "\n\n- James Gosling is a Canadian computer scientist and the founder and lead designer of the Java programming language.\n- He received a Bachelor of Science from the University of Calgary and his M.A. and Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon University, all in computer science.\n- Gosling was with Sun Microsystems for 26 years and invented the NeWS windowing system and the Java programming language.\n- He left Sun Microsystems in 2010 after it was acquired by the Oracle Corporation and joined Google and later Liquid Robotics before transitioning to Amazon Web Services in 2017 as Distinguished Engineer.\n- Gosling has received numerous awards and is an advisor at the Scala company Lightbend, Independent Director at Jelastic, and Strategic Advisor for Eucalyptus.\n- He is also a board member of DIRTT Environmental Solutions and a fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery.\n- Gosling has authored several books, including \"The Java Programming Language\" and \"The Java Language Specification.\"\n- His personal weblog and presentations are available online, and he has been interviewed on various topics related to computer science and innovation.",
    "James H. Wilkinson": "\n\n- James Hardy Wilkinson was a prominent figure in the field of numerical analysis.\n- He studied at Trinity College, Cambridge, and graduated as Senior Wrangler.\n- He worked on ballistics during World War II but later worked on the ACE computer project with Alan Turing at the National Physical Laboratory.\n- Wilkinson's interests took him into the numerical analysis field, where he discovered many significant algorithms.\n- He received the Turing Award in 1970 and was elected as a Distinguished Fellow of the British Computer Society in 1974.\n- The James H. Wilkinson Prize in Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, and J. H. Wilkinson Prize for Numerical Software are named in his honour.\n- He died of a heart attack at home on October 5, 1986.\n- Some of his works include Rounding Errors in Algebraic Processes, The Algebraic Eigenvalue Problem, and Handbook for Automatic Computation.",
    "James Hendler": "\n\n- James Alexander Hendler is an AI researcher at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and a Fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration.\n- He completed his Ph.D. and M.Sc. degrees from Brown University, an MS in Cognitive Psychology from Southern Methodist University, and a BS from Yale University.\n- Hendler's research interests include the semantic web and artificial intelligence.\n- He has been a professor at the University of Maryland where he was the Director of the Joint Institute for Knowledge Discovery and held joint appointments in Computer Science, the Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, and the Institute for Systems Research.\n- Hendler was the Director for Semantic Web and Agent Technology at the Maryland Information and Network Dynamics Laboratory.\n- He is the Editor in Chief Emeritus of IEEE Intelligent Systems and was the first computer scientist to serve on the Board of Reviewing Editors for Science.\n- Hendler has served on multiple advisory boards including Timbr.AI, Web Science Trust (former chairman), Radar Networks, TopQuadrant, Franz Inc, Bright Hub, SocialWire, and Common Crawl.\n- He has authored or edited multiple books, including Social Machines, Spinning the Semantic Web, and Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist.\n- Hendler has received numerous honors and awards, including the Robert Engelmore Memorial Lecture Prize from AAAI, Fellowships from AAAI, IEEE, and the Semantic Technology Institute International, and the Distinguished Service Award from AAAI.\n- He was appointed as Senior Constellation Professor of the Tetherless World Constellation at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 2006 and became its head in 2022.\n- He also serves as the Rensselaer lead of the joint RPI-IBM Center for Health Empowerment by Analytics, Learning and Semantics (HEALS) and the RPI-IBM Artificial Intelligence Research Collaboration Director.",
    "James Rumbaugh": "- James E. Rumbaugh is an American computer scientist and object-oriented methodologist. \n- He is best known for his work in creating the Object Modeling Technique (OMT) and the Unified Modeling Language (UML). \n- Rumbaugh received a B.S. in physics from MIT, an M.S. in astronomy from Caltech, and a Ph.D. in computer science from MIT under Professor Jack Dennis. \n- He worked at Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) and General Electric Research and Development Center before joining Rational Software in 1994. \n- At Rational Software, he worked with Ivar Jacobson and Grady Booch to develop UML and later merged their software development methodologies into the Rational Unified Process (RUP). \n- He retired in 2006 and lived in Saratoga, California with his wife. \n- Rumbaugh's research interests include formal description languages, productivity tools for programming, and algorithms and data structures. \n- He has written several books about UML and RUP with Jacobson and Booch.",
    "James Z. Wang": "- James Ze Wang is a Chinese-American computer scientist\n- He is a Distinguished Professor of the College of Information Sciences and Technology at Pennsylvania State University\n- He is co-director of the Intelligent Information Systems Laboratory and has roles in various other programs and departments\n- He has a summa cum laude Bachelor's degree in Mathematics and Computer Science from the University of Minnesota and a Ph.D. degree in Medical Information Sciences from Stanford University's Biomedical Informatics and Database groups\n- Wang has authored or coauthored two monographs and over 100 journal articles, book chapters, and refereed conference papers\n- He has developed image retrieval systems for biomedical image analysis, satellite imaging, web image filtering, and art and cultural imaging, some of which have been sought after and obtained by researchers from more than 100 institutions\n- Wang has served on various committees and has been a recipient of an NSF Career award and the endowed PNC Technologies Career Development Professorship\n- He has been featured in a PBS series NOVA ScienceNow for his work in developing new computerized methods to detect fake Van Gogh paintings.",
    "Jan Dietz": "- Jan Dietz is a Dutch information systems researcher and professor.\n- He is known for developing the Design & Engineering Methodology for Organizations and his work on enterprise ontology.\n- Dietz studied at Eindhoven University of Technology, where he obtained his MA in Electrical Engineering and his PhD in 1987.\n- He has been a practitioner in the field of automation and information systems from 1970 to 1980.\n- In 1980, he returned to academia and was appointed Professor of Management Information Systems at the University of Maastricht.\n- From 1994 to 2009, Dietz was a Professor of Information Systems Design at Delft University of Technology.\n- He is currently a part-time Professor of Enterprise Engineering at Delft TopTech and the Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico in Lisbon.\n- Dietz's main research interests are in modeling, design, and engineering of organizations and the development of ICT-applications to support them.\n- He co-founded and chairs the DEMO Knowledge Center and has participated in numerous practical DEMO-projects.\n- In 2006, he published a book on Enterprise Ontology and is continuing working on Enterprise Architecture.\n- Dietz has published over 200 scientific and professional papers and several books.\n- He is the founder of the DEMO methodology and is also co-founder and chairman of the CIAO network.",
    "Jan Weglarz": "\n\n- Jan W\u0119glarz is a Polish computer scientist.\n- His current research focuses on operations research.\n- He graduated from the University of Adam Mickiewicz and later, Pozna\u0144 University of Technology.\n- He received his doctorate in 1974 and habilitation in 1977.\n- He is a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences and various other organizations.\n- He is the author of 12 monographs and over 200 articles.\n- He discovered the two-phase method in operations research.\n- He participated in the development of Elwro Polish computers.\n- He was awarded the EURO Gold Medal in 1991 and the EURO Distinguished Service Award in 2018.\n- He received honorary degrees from several Polish institutions.",
    "Janet L. Kolodner": "- Janet Lynne Kolodner is an American cognitive scientist and learning scientist. \n- She is a Professor of the Practice at the Lynch School of Education at Boston College and co-lead of the MA Program in Learning Engineering. \n- She is also Regents' Professor Emerita in the School of Interactive Computing, College of Computing at the Georgia Institute of Technology. \n- Kolodner was the Founding Editor in Chief of The Journal of the Learning Sciences and served in that role for 19 years. \n- She was Founding Executive Officer of the International Society of the Learning Sciences (ISLS). \n- Kolodner was a program officer at the National Science Foundation from August 2010 through July 2014 and headed up the Cyberlearning and Future Learning Technologies program. \n- Kolodner's research addresses issues in learning, memory, and problem solving, both in computers and in people. \n- She pioneered the computer reasoning method called case-based reasoning. \n- Her research interests are the implications and applications of cognition to education and educational technology, artificial intelligence, cognitive science, case-based reasoning, novice-expert evolution, the role of experience in expert and common-sense reasoning, design cognition, creativity, design of decision-aiding tools, and interactive learning environments. \n- Kolodner has published several books and articles, including \"Case-Based Reasoning\" and \"Project-Based Inquiry Science.\"",
    "Jean E. Sammet": "- Jean E. Sammet was an American computer scientist who developed the FORMAC programming language in 1962.\n- She was one of the developers of the influential COBOL programming language.\n- Sammet received her B.A. in Mathematics from Mount Holyoke College in 1948 and her M.A. in Mathematics from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1949.\n- She was the first female president of the ACM, from 1974 to 1976.\n- Sammet founded the ACM Special Interest Committee on Symbolic and Algebraic Manipulation (SICSAM) in 1965 and was chair of the Special Interest Group on Programming Languages (SIGPLAN).\n- Sammet died on May 20, 2017, in Silver Spring, Maryland after a brief illness.\n- She received numerous awards including the Augusta Ada Lovelace Award, the SIGPLAN Distinguished Service Award, Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery and the Computer Pioneer Award.",
    "Jean Ichbiah": "\n\n- Jean David Ichbiah was a French computer scientist.\n- He was the initial chief designer of Ada, a general-purpose, strongly typed programming language.\n- He worked on designing an experimental system implementation language called LIS based on Pascal and Simula.\n- He founded the Alsys corporation in La Celle-Saint-Cloud, which continued language definition to standardize Ada 83.\n- He designed the keyboard layout FITALY, specifically optimized for stylus or touch-based input.\n- He received numerous awards including becoming a chevalier of the French Legion of Honour and a correspondent of the French Academy of Sciences.\n- He died from complications of a brain tumor on January 26, 2007.",
    "Jeff Bonwick": "\n\n- Jeff Bonwick invented and led development of the ZFS file system.\n- ZFS was used in Oracle Corporation's ZFS storage products and startups including Nexenta, Delphix, Joyent, and Datto, Inc.\n- Bonwick is the inventor of slab allocation and the LZJB compression algorithm.\n- He was a Sun Fellow, Sun Storage CTO, and Oracle vice president.\n- In 2010, Bonwick co-founded DSSD and became chief technical officer.\n- He co-invented DSSD's system hardware architecture and software, and developed their whole-system simulator.\n- DSSD was acquired by EMC Corporation in 2014 and then became part of Dell Technologies in 2016.\n- Bonwick remained as CTO after the acquisition, but the DSSD product, called D5, was cancelled in March 2017.",
    "Jeff Rulifson": "\n\n- Johns Frederick (Jeff) Rulifson is an American computer scientist.\n- He was born on August 20, 1941, in Bellefontaine, Ohio.\n- Rulifson married Janet Irving on June 8, 1963, and had two children.\n- He received a B.S. in mathematics from the University of Washington in 1966 and a Ph.D. in computer science from Stanford University in 1973.\n- Rulifson worked at the Stanford Research Institute (now SRI International) from 1966 and was involved in the development of \"timesharing\" software and the oN-Line System (NLS), a system that foreshadowed many future developments in modern computing and networking.\n- Rulifson also developed the command language for the NLS, among other features, and was the lead programmer for the first use of hypertext.\n- He left SRI to join Xerox PARC in 1973 to work on personal computing and the creation of local networks, where he developed the concept for the desktop icon.\n- In 1985, he joined Syntelligence, an artificial intelligence applications vendor in Sunnyvale, California, and later worked for Sun Microsystems Laboratories and managed Ivan Sutherland's lab until his retirement.\n- Rulifson won the Association for Computing Machinery's Software System Award in 1990 and was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for his pioneering work in 1994.\n- In 2006, Rulifson was named to the SRI International Hall of Fame.",
    "Jeffrey D. Ullman": "- Jeffrey David Ullman is an American computer scientist and the Stanford W. Ascherman Professor of Engineering, Emeritus, at Stanford University.\n- His textbooks on compilers, theory of computation, data structures, and databases are regarded as standards in their fields.\n- Ullman and his long-time collaborator Alfred Aho are the recipients of the 2020 Turing Award, generally recognized as the highest distinction in computer science.\n- Ullman received a Bachelor of Science degree in engineering mathematics from Columbia University in 1963 and his PhD in electrical engineering from Princeton University in 1966.\n- He worked for three years at Bell Labs and later moved to Princeton as an associate professor.\n- He was named the Stanford W. Ascherman Professor of Computer Science in 1994 and became an Emeritus in 2003.\n- Ullman is the co-recipient (with John Hopcroft) of the 2010 IEEE John von Neumann Medal.\n- Ullman's research interests include database theory, data integration, data mining, and education using online infrastructure.\n- He is a founder of Gradiance Corporation and teaches courses on automata and mining massive datasets on the Stanford Online learning platform.\n- Ullman was elected as a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2020.\n- In 2011, Ullman stated his opposition to assisting Iranians in becoming graduate students at Stanford due to the anti-Israel position of the Iranian government.\n- In April 2021, an open letter by CSForInclusion criticized the ACM and the ACM A.M. Turing Award Committee for nominating and selecting Ullman as a recipient of the ACM A.M. Turing award.\n- He has authored several books on various topics in computer science.",
    "Jeffrey Scott Vitter": "\n\n- Jeffrey Scott Vitter is a U.S. computer scientist and academic administrator.\n- He was born in 1955 in New Orleans and has served in several senior higher education administration posts.\n- Vitter is a former chancellor of the University of Mississippi, assuming the position on January 1, 2016.\n- He has a Bachelor of Science in mathematics, a PhD in computer science, and a Master of Business Administration from Duke University.\n- Vitter progressed through the faculty ranks at Brown University from 1980 to 1992 and was a distinguished professor at Duke University from 1993 to 2002.\n- He was the Frederick Hovde Dean of the College of Science at Purdue University from 2002 to 2008 and served as provost and executive vice president for academics at Texas A&M University from 2008 to 2009.\n- From 2010 to 2015, Vitter was provost and executive vice chancellor and Roy A. Roberts Distinguished Professor at the University of Kansas.\n- Vitter is a computer scientist with over 350 books, journals, and conference publications.\n- He helped establish the field of I/O algorithms and has made fundamental contributions in databases, compressed data structures, hashing, and machine learning.\n- Vitter has three children and is a brother of former U.S. Senator David Vitter of Louisiana.\n- Vitter stepped down as chancellor of the University of Mississippi in January 2019 and is now a Distinguished Professor Emeritus.",
    "Jeremy Gibbons": "- Jeremy Gibbons is a computer scientist and professor of computing at the University of Oxford\n- He is the Deputy Director of the Software Engineering Programme in the Department of Computer Science, Governing Body Fellow at Kellogg College and Pro-Proctor of the University of Oxford\n- He holds a Bachelor of Science (BSc) (Hons) in computer science from the University of Edinburgh and a Doctor of Philosophy (DPhil) in Computation from the University of Oxford\n- His research activities include programming languages and methods; functional programming; generic programming; object technology; program specification, derivation and transformation\n- Current projects include CancerGrid; Datatype-Generic Programming; Automatic Generation of Software Components; Workflow for Cancer Bioinformatics\n- He is a member of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) and chairperson of IFIP Working Group 2.1 on Algorithmic Languages and Calculi\n- His publications cover generic programming, functional programming, formal methods, computational biology and bioinformatics\n- He maintains a blog called \"Patterns in Functional Programming\"",
    "Jerre Noe": "\n\n- Jerre Noe was an American computer scientist born in California in 1923.\n- He received a Bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the University of California and a Ph.D. in electrical engineering at Stanford University.\n- Noe led the technical team for the ERMA project, the Bank of America's first venture into computerized banking, during the 1950s.\n- In 1968, he became the first chair of the University of Washington's Computer Science Group.\n- Noe remained active in his department as a professor emeritus and in other aspects of his life until his death in 2005.\n- He was an avid flautist, sailor, and skier into his eighties.\n- Noe married twice, had three children, and died from peritoneal mesothelioma caused by exposure to asbestos at the age of 82.",
    "Jiawei Han": "\n\n- Jiawei Han is a Chinese-American computer scientist and researcher.\n- He is currently a professor at the Department of Computer Science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.\n- His research focuses on data mining, text mining, database systems, information networks, data mining from spatiotemporal data, Web data, and social/information network data.\n- Han received his BS from University of Science and Technology of China in 1979 and his PhD from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in Computer Science in 1985.\n- He served as the Director of Information Network Academic Research Center (INARC) and the Co-Director of KnowEng, a BD2k (Big Data to Knowledge) research center.\n- Han has chaired or served on over 100 program committees of international conferences and workshops.\n- He is an ACM Fellow and an IEEE Fellow.\n- Han received the 2004 ACM SIGKDD Innovations Award, and the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Technical Achievement Award.\n- He was the 2009 winner of the McDowell Award, the highest technical award made by IEEE.\n- Han has authored the book \"Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques\" (3rd ed., Morgan Kaufmann, 2011).\n- Han's academic website and Data Mining Research Group are available online.",
    "Jie Wu": "\n\n- Jie Wu is a Chinese computer scientist based in Pennsylvania.\n- He is the Associate Vice Provost for International Affairs and Director for Center for Networked Computing at Temple University.\n- Wu is also a Laura H. Carnell professor in the Department of Computer and Information Sciences.\n- He is noted for his research in routing for wired and wireless networks.\n- Wu served as Program Director of Networking Technology and Systems (NeTS) at the National Science Foundation from 2006 to 2008.\n- He has served as the General Chair and Program Chair of various IEEE conferences and is a Fellow of IEEE.\n- Wu has received multiple awards for his contributions to computer science, including the 2011 China Computer Federation (CCF) Overseas Outstanding Achievements Award.\n- He is currently a CCF Distinguished Speaker.\n- Wu resides in Fort Washington, Pennsylvania.",
    "Jill Zimmerman": "- Jill Loraine Zimmerman is an American computer scientist and professor\n- She is the James M. Beall Professor of Mathematics and Computer Science at Goucher College\n- Zimmerman and her father built a computer in 1975 after being inspired by an article in Popular Mechanics\n- She earned a Bachelor of Science with distinction in Computer and Informational Sciences from Purdue University and a doctorate in computer science from the University of Minnesota\n- Zimmerman has been the head of the Goucher Robotics Lab since 2006\n- She was the principal investigator for a scholarship program funded by the National Science Foundation\n- Zimmerman has published work on robotics and computer languages with her husband, James Gil de Lamadrid\n- In 1985, she married de Lamadrid.",
    "Jim Gray (computer scientist)": "\n\n- James Nicholas Gray was an American computer scientist who received the Turing Award in 1998 for his contributions to database and transaction processing research and technical leadership in system implementation.\n- Gray was born in San Francisco and spent most of the first three years of his life in Rome, Italy, where he learned to speak Italian before English.\n- Gray pursued his career by working as a researcher and software designer at a number of industrial companies, including IBM, Tandem Computers, and DEC. He joined Microsoft in 1995.\n- Gray is known for his contributions to major database and transaction processing systems, including SQL relational databases that have become a standard throughout the world.\n- Gray disappeared on January 28, 2007, during a short solo trip to scatter his mother's ashes at the Farallon Islands near San Francisco. His boat was not found, and he was declared legally dead on January 28, 2012.\n- Microsoft Research presents the Jim Gray eScience Award each year to a researcher who has made an outstanding contribution to the field of data-intensive computing.",
    "Jochen Liedtke": "\n\n- Jochen Liedtke was a German computer scientist.\n- He studied for a diploma degree in mathematics in the mid-1970s.\n- He created the Eumel operating system that supported orthogonal persistence and ran on multiple processors.\n- In 1987, he designed the L3 operating system to succeed Eumel.\n- In the early 1990s, Liedtke redesigned L3 from scratch and created the L4 microkernel operating system family.\n- He worked on computer architecture and created guarded page tables to implement a sparsely-mapped 64-bit address space.\n- Liedtke joined the Thomas J. Watson Research Center in 1996 and worked on the Saw Mill project to turn Linux into an L4-based multi-server OS.\n- In April 1999, he took up the System Architecture Chair at the University of Karlsruhe and continued to work on L4.\n- Liedtke died unexpectedly on June 10, 2001, at Frankfurt Airport while returning from the SOSP'01 program committee meeting in Chateau Lake Louise.\n- His work on L4 was completed after his death by his students and was released under the name Pistachio in 2002.",
    "John Cocke (computer scientist)": "\n\n- John Cocke was an American computer scientist known for his contributions to computer architecture and optimizing compiler design.\n- He was born in Charlotte, North Carolina, and received his bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering and Ph.D. in mathematics from Duke University.\n- Cocke spent his entire career as an industrial researcher for IBM, from 1956 to 1992.\n- He is considered the \"father of RISC architecture\" and his innovations were noted in the IBM 801 minicomputer project.\n- Cocke was involved in speech recognition and machine translation at IBM and originated the idea of using a trigram language model for speech recognition.\n- He won numerous awards including the ACM Turing Award, National Medal of Technology, and National Medal of Science.\n- Cocke was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, and the National Academy of Sciences.\n- In 2002, he was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum.\n- Cocke died in Valhalla, New York, in 2002.",
    "John George Kemeny": "- John George Kemeny was a mathematician, computer scientist, and educator.\n- He co-developed the BASIC programming language in 1964 with Thomas E. Kurtz.\n- Kemeny served as the 13th President of Dartmouth College from 1970 to 1981.\n- He pioneered the use of computers in college education.\n- Kemeny chaired the presidential commission that investigated the Three Mile Island accident in 1979.\n- He was a Hungarian-born American who emigrated to the United States during World War II.\n- Kemeny attended Princeton University for his undergraduate and graduate studies and worked as Albert Einstein's mathematical assistant during graduate school.\n- Kemeny was appointed to the Dartmouth Mathematics Department as a full professor in 1953, and later became the chairman of the department.\n- He introduced Finite mathematics courses and co-authored several textbooks on the subject.\n- Kemeny and Kurtz were pioneers in the use of computers for ordinary people and invented the world's first time-sharing system, the Dartmouth Time-Sharing System (DTSS).\n- Kemeny was president of Dartmouth from 1970 to 1981 and made Dartmouth a pioneer in student use of computers.\n- In 1983, Kemeny and Kurtz co-founded a company called True BASIC, Inc. to market True BASIC, an updated version of the language.\n- John Kemeny died of heart failure in Lebanon, New Hampshire in 1992.",
    "John Henry Holland": "- John Henry Holland was a scientist and Professor of psychology and Professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.\n- He was a pioneer in what became known as genetic algorithms and a founding father of the complex systems approach.\n- Holland received the 1961 Louis E. Levy Medal from The Franklin Institute, and the MacArthur Fellowship in 1992.\n- He authored several books about complex adaptive systems, including \"Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems\" and \"Emergence: From Chaos to Order\".\n- Holland died on August 9, 2015 in Ann Arbor, Michigan.",
    "John Hopcroft": "- John Edward Hopcroft is an American theoretical computer scientist\n- He is the IBM Professor of Engineering and Applied Mathematics in Computer Science at Cornell University\n- He is Co-Director of the Center on Frontiers of Computing Studies at Peking University\n- He is the Director of the John Hopcroft Center for Computer Science at Shanghai Jiao Tong University\n- His textbooks on Theory of Computation and data structures are standards in their fields\n- He received his bachelor's from Seattle University and his master's degree and Ph.D. from Stanford University\n- He received the Turing Award in 1986 for fundamental achievements in the design and analysis of algorithms and data structures\n- He is also known for the Hopcroft\u2013Karp algorithm for finding matchings in bipartite graphs\n- He was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University of Sydney, in Sydney, Australia in 2005 and from Saint Petersburg State University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics in 2009\n- In 2020, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen opened a Hopcroft Institute for Advanced Information Sciences and designated him as an Einstein professor\n- He is the co-recipient of the 2010 IEEE John von Neumann Medal with Jeffrey Ullman for laying the foundations for the fields of automata and language theory and many seminal contributions to theoretical computer science",
    "John Horton Conway": "- John Horton Conway was an English mathematician who made contributions to various fields including finite groups, knot theory, number theory, combinatorial game theory, and coding theory.\n- He was also known for his contributions to recreational mathematics, including the invention of the Game of Life, a cellular automaton.\n- Conway was born and raised in Liverpool, and studied mathematics at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge.\n- He spent the first half of his career at Cambridge before moving to Princeton University, where he held the John von Neumann Professorship for the rest of his career.\n- Conway and Martin Gardner were frequent collaborators, with Gardner featuring Conway's work in his Mathematical Games column.\n- Conway made contributions to diverse areas of mathematics, including combinatorial game theory, geometry (including polyhedron notation and the Leech lattice), geometric topology (including the Conway polynomial and Conway notation for knots), group theory (including the ATLAS of Finite Groups), number theory, algebra (including quaternions and octonions), analysis, and algorithmics.\n- Conway received numerous awards and honors, including fellowships in several mathematical societies, and was given honorary degrees from the University of Liverpool and Alexandru Ioan Cuza University.\n- Conway died on April 11, 2020, at the age of 82 due to complications from COVID-19.",
    "John Hughes (computer scientist)": "\n\n- R. John M. Hughes is a computer scientist and professor at Chalmers University of Technology.\n- He received his PhD from the University of Oxford in 1984 for his thesis on \"The Design and Implementation of Programming Languages.\"\n- Hughes does research on programming languages, with a focus on Haskell.\n- He is a member of the Functional Programming group at Chalmers and has authored many influential research papers on the subject, including \"Why Functional Programming Matters.\"\n- Hughes is a developer of QuickCheck and the cofounder and CEO of QuviQ, which provides the software and classes on how to use it.\n- In 2016, he appeared on the YouTube channel Computerphile, explaining Functional Programming and QuickCheck.\n- Hughes was elected as an ACM Fellow in 2018 for his \"contributions to software testing and functional programming.\" \n- See also: Haskell programming language, QuickCheck.",
    "John Koza": "\n\n- John R. Koza is a computer scientist and former adjunct professor at Stanford University.\n- He is known for pioneering the use of genetic programming for solving complex problems.\n- Koza co-founded Scientific Games Corporation, which builds computer systems for state lotteries in the US.\n- He is credited with creating the 'scratch card' with the help of Daniel Bower.\n- Koza earned a bachelor's and doctoral degree from the University of Michigan in computer science.\n- He created the \"invention machine\" which alters its own code to find complex solutions and received a patent for it.\n- Koza advocates for revamping the way electors for the Electoral College are chosen in the US.\n- He established the organization National Popular Vote Inc. to advocate for state adoption of the policy and electing supportive candidates.\n- Koza has published several works on genetic programming and machine intelligence.",
    "John Krogstie": "- John Krogstie is a Norwegian computer scientist and a professor in information systems at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology.\n- He received a MSc and a PhD in information systems from the same university.\n- Krogstie's research interests include information systems, conceptual modeling, mobile information systems, eGovernment, and enterprise modeling.\n- He developed the SEQUAL framework, a reference model for evaluating the quality of models, based on semiotic theory.\n- He has published around 150 refereed papers in journals, books, and archival proceedings.\n- Krogstie is the Norwegian representative for IFIP TC8 and was Chair (2010\u20132015) of IFIP WG 8.1 on information systems design and evaluation.",
    "John L. Hennessy": "\n\n- John Leroy Hennessy is an American computer scientist, academician, and businessman.\n- He is the Chairman of Alphabet Inc., one of the founders of MIPS Computer Systems Inc. and Atheros.\n- He served as the tenth President of Stanford University and stepped down in the summer of 2016.\n- Hennessy and David Patterson received the 2017 Turing Award for developing the reduced instruction set computer (RISC) architecture.\n- He earned his bachelor's degree from Villanova University and his master's degree and Doctor of Philosophy from Stony Brook University.\n- Hennessy became a faculty member at Stanford University in 1977 and founded MIPS Computer Systems Inc. in 1984.\n- He served as Provost of Stanford University before being appointed President.\n- Hennessy serves as a board member of Google (later Alphabet Inc.), Cisco Systems, Atheros Communications, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.\n- He co-founded the Knight-Hennessy Scholars program with a $750 million endowment to fully fund graduate students at Stanford for up to three years.\n- He was appointed as the new Chairman of Alphabet Inc. in February 2018.\n- Hennessy has received numerous awards and honors, including the IEEE Medal of Honor and the Turing Award.\n- He is married to Andrea Berti, whom he met in high school.",
    "John Lions": "\n\n- John Lions was an Australian computer scientist born in 1937 and died in 1998.\n- He received a degree with first-class honours from the University of Sydney in 1959 and completed his doctorate on Control engineering at the University of Cambridge in 1963.\n- Lions worked in various positions including Burroughs in Los Angeles, KCS Ltd in Toronto and Dalhousie University in Halifax.\n- In 1972, Lions became a senior lecturer in the Department of Computer Science at the University of New South Wales (UNSW).\n- His most famous work, the Lions Book, was written as course notes for his operating systems course at UNSW, containing the entire UNIX 6 operating system.\n- Lions was involved in the setting up of an annual conference for academics, the Australian Computer Science Conference and he was the editor of the Australian Computer Journal for six years.\n- After his death, a campaign was started to raise funds to create the John Lions Chair of Operating Systems at UNSW, and the John Lions Garden was dedicated to his memory in 2002.\n- In 2011, The School of Computer Science and Engineering at UNSW initiated the John Lions Award for Contribution to Open Software.",
    "John Mashey": "\n\n- John R. Mashey is an American computer scientist, director and entrepreneur.\n- He holds a Ph.D. in computer science from Pennsylvania State University.\n- He worked on the PWB/UNIX operating system at Bell Labs from 1973 to 1983 and authored the PWB shell, also known as the \"Mashey Shell\".\n- He joined MIPS Computer Systems in early 1985, managing operating systems development and helping design the MIPS RISC architecture.\n- He continued similar work at Silicon Graphics (1992\u20132000), contributing to the design of the NUMAflex modular computer architecture using NUMAlink, ending as VP and chief scientist.\n- He was one of the founders of the Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation (SPEC) benchmarking group, an ACM National Lecturer for four years, and a trustee of the Computer History Museum.\n- He wrote articles for the Skeptical Inquirer regarding climate change denial and investigated the secretive funding of climate contrarian thinktanks.\n- He became a scientific and technical consultant for the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry in 2015.\n- Mashey is married to Angela Hey, a Cambridge University and Waterloo University graduate with a Ph.D. from Imperial College, London.",
    "John Mauchly": "- John William Mauchly designed the first general-purpose electronic digital computer, ENIAC, with J. Presper Eckert, as well as EDVAC, BINAC, and UNIVAC I.\n- They founded the Eckert\u2013Mauchly Computer Corporation (EMCC) and pioneered fundamental computer concepts like stored program, subroutines, and programming languages.\n- Their work led to an explosion of computer development in the late 1940s all over the world.\n- Mauchly earned a Ph.D. in physics and was a head of the physics department at Ursinus College.\n- Mauchly and Eckert met at the University of Pennsylvania Moore School of Electrical Engineering, where they were contracted to build ENIAC, which could perform high-speed calculations and solve problems that were previously unsolvable.\n- John Mauchly was involved in computer development for his entire career, founding Mauchly Associates and Dynatrend, and becoming a consultant to Sperry Univac.\n- Mauchly received numerous awards and honors, including being a founding member and president of the Association for Computing Machinery. \n- His patent on the ENIAC was invalidated by U.S. Federal Court decision in October, 1973 for various reasons.",
    "John McCarthy (computer scientist)": "- John McCarthy was an American computer scientist and cognitive scientist \n- He was one of the founders of the discipline of artificial intelligence \n- He co-authored the document that coined the term \"artificial intelligence\" (AI) \n- Developed the programming language family Lisp \n- Significantly influenced the design of the language ALGOL \n- Popularized time-sharing, and invented garbage collection \n- McCarthy spent most of his career at Stanford University \n- Received many accolades and honors, such as the 1971 Turing Award for his contributions to the topic of AI, the United States National Medal of Science, and the Kyoto Prize \n- McCarthy championed mathematics such as lambda calculus \n- McCarthy and his colleagues coined the term \"artificial intelligence\" \n- He invented Lisp, the programming language of choice for AI applications \n- Involved with developing international standards in programming and informatics \n- Instrumental in creating three of the earliest time-sharing systems \n- McCarthy was married three times and declared himself an atheist \n- He wrote an article entitled \"Ascribing Mental Qualities to Machines\" \n- Received the Turing Award from the Association for Computing Machinery \n- Inducted into IEEE Intelligent Systems' AI's Hall of Fame.",
    "John O'Sullivan (engineer)": "- John O'Sullivan is an Australian engineer\n- He co-authored a paper in 1977 about image sharpness and improving picture clarity in radio astronomy images\n- In the early 1990s, he led a team at CSIRO to reduce multipath interference in radio signals for computer networking, which is now used in all recent WiFi implementations\n- CSIRO has earned over $430 million in royalties and settlements from this patent, with more expected after further lawsuits against other parties\n- O'Sullivan joined Morse Micro in 2019 to develop a Wi-Fi microprocessor\n- He has a PhD in Electrical Engineering and a Bachelor of Engineering and Science from Sydney University\n- O'Sullivan has received several awards and achievements, including the IEEE Masaru Ibuka Consumer Electronics Award in 2017 and the European Inventor Award in 2012 for his work on WiFi technology\n- He has conducted research on various areas in radio astronomy and contributed to the development of adaptive optics and redundant baseline interferometer\n- O'Sullivan has over 40 scientific and technical papers and has been granted 12 patents in the area of special purpose FFT processors, Wireless LANs, and antennas\n- He is a member of various organizations and committees in the field, including IEEE and the Australian Square Kilometre Array Consultative Committee",
    "John Ousterhout": "\n\n- John Kenneth Ousterhout is a professor of computer science at Stanford University.\n- He founded Electric Cloud with John Graham-Cumming.\n- Ousterhout was a professor of computer science at University of California, Berkeley where he created Tcl scripting language and Tk toolkit and proposed coscheduling.\n- Ousterhout led the research group that designed the Sprite operating system and the first log-structured file system.\n- He also led the team that developed the Magic VLSI CAD program.\n- Ousterhout received his bachelor's degree in physics from Yale University in 1975, his Ph.D. in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University in 1980 and the Grace Murray Hopper Award in 1987.\n- In 1994, he left Berkeley to join Sun Microsystems Laboratories and later co-founded Scriptics, Inc.\n- Ousterhout joined the faculty of Stanford University in 2008.\n- His selected works include \"The Design of XPRS\" and \"A Philosophy of Software Design\".\n- Ousterhout's dichotomy and Raft (computer science) are related topics.\n- Additional information on Tcl's early days and Ousterhout's web page at Stanford University are available online.",
    "John P. Moon": "\n\n- John P. Moon is an Apple Computers executive with engineering degrees from Pennsylvania State University and New York University.\n\n- From the 1960s to the 1980s, Moon worked for companies including IBM, National Micronetics Corporation, Tandon Magnetics Corporation, and Apple.\n\n- Moon was born in Philadelphia in 1938, and spent his time building model cars and taking apart electronic devices in his family's basement.\n\n- He graduated with honors from Pennsylvania State University in 1960 and later received a masters from NYU in engineering.\n\n- Moon was hired by IBM in New York city during a time when major companies were recruiting African Americans with experience in math and science.\n\n- He established the National Micronetics Corporation in 1970 with a few other engineers in a garage, and the business grew from five people working in a garage to a multimillion-dollar company.\n\n- Four years later, he began working with Tandon Magnetics Corporation and found a new way to manufacture ferrite recording heads through mass production.\n\n- In 1980, Moon moved to Apple Computers where he helped the company design and make its own floppy disks and disk drives, and became Vice President of the Apple Computer Products division.",
    "John Presper Eckert": "- John Adam Presper Eckert Jr. was an American electrical engineer and computer pioneer\n- He designed the first general-purpose electronic digital computer (ENIAC) with John Mauchly\n- He presented the first course in computing topics, the Moore School Lectures\n- He founded the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation\n- He designed the first commercial computer in the U.S., the UNIVAC\n- He developed the mercury delay-line memory\n- Eckert and Mauchly left the Moore School in 1946 over a dispute involving the assignment of claims on intellectual property developed at the University\n- They started the Electronic Control Company which built the Binary Automatic Computer (BINAC)\n- The Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation was formed, and they received an order to build the Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC), which was finished on December 21, 1950\n- Eckert received the Howard N. Potts Medal in 1949\n- He was awarded the National Medal of Science in 1968\n- Eckert believed that the widely adopted term \"von Neumann architecture\" should properly be known as the \"Eckert architecture\"\n- He died of leukemia in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania in 1995\n- In 2002, he was posthumously inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame.",
    "John Vincent Atanasoff": "- John Vincent Atanasoff was an American physicist and inventor of mixed Bulgarian-Irish origin.\n- He is credited with inventing the first electronic digital computer in the 1930s. \n- His computer was named the Atanasoff\u2013Berry Computer and used binary math and Boolean logic to solve up to 29 simultaneous linear equations. \n- Atanasoff first met John Mauchly in 1940 and they discussed computing theories, including Atanasoff's design manuscript. \n- Atanasoff left Iowa State College in 1941 and Mauchly did not mention his own computer project until early 1944. \n- The 1973 Honeywell v. Sperry Rand lawsuit ruled that Atanasoff was the inventor of the electronic digital computer over Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert's patent claims. \n- Atanasoff received many honors throughout his life, including the U.S. National Medal of Technology and the Order of Saints Cyril and Methodius. \n- Various schools, streets, and awards in Bulgaria and the United States are named after him.",
    "John Yen": "- John Yen is a professor of data science and leads the Laboratory of AI for Cyber Security at Penn State.\n- He was the founder and former Director of the Cancer Informatics Initiative at Penn State.\n- His current research goals are using AI and big data to address challenges in cybersecurity and advancing the frontier of artificial intelligence.\n- Yen has been a Principal investigator or co-Principal investigator on several multimillion-dollar research projects funded by organizations such as the National Science Foundation, Army Research Office, Office of Naval Research, and Department of Energy.\n- He is the lead inventor of the AI architecture R-CAST, which has been granted a U.S. patent and successfully applied to a real-world dynamic cyber-physical domain.\n- Yen received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1986 and his B.S. degree from National Taiwan University in 1980.\n- He is the co-author of \"Emergent Information Technologies and Enabling Policies for Counter-Terrorism\" and \"Fuzzy Logic: Intelligence, Control, and Information.\"\n- See also: Recognition primed decision.\n- External links: Dr. John Yen's website, the Cancer Informatics Initiative at Penn State, and Yen's Google Scholar profile.",
    "Jon Crowcroft": "\n\n- Jonathan Andrew Crowcroft is the Marconi Professor of Communications Systems at the University of Cambridge.\n- He received a bachelor's degree in physics from the University of Cambridge and a master's degree in computing and a PhD from University College London.\n- Crowcroft has contributed to successful start-up projects and has served on the advisory board of Max Planck Institute for Software Systems.\n- His research has focused on theoretical network science, including the idea of using specially-built hardware for packet switching and optical technology.\n- Crowcroft was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2013 and has received numerous other awards and honours throughout his career.\n- He served as general chair for the ACM SIGCOMM conference between 1995 and 1999 and received the SIGCOMM Award in 2009.",
    "Jon Michael Dunn": "\n\n\u2022 J. Michael Dunn was a philosopher and professor Emeritus at Indiana University. \n\n\u2022 He was the first in his family to attend college and earned an A.B in Philosophy from Oberlin College and a Ph.D. from the University of Pittsburgh. \n\n\u2022 Dunn taught at Wayne State University, Yale University, and Indiana University Bloomington. \n\n\u2022 He was the recipient of many grants and awards, including the Techpoint Mira for Outstanding Education Contribution to Information Technology. \n\n\u2022 Dunn was a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and served as President of the Society for Exact Philosophy. \n\n\u2022 His research focused on information-based logics, and he developed \"gaggle theory\" and worked with relevance logic and quantum computation. \n\n\u2022 He co-authored books, including Algebraic Methods in Philosophical Logic and Generalized Galois Logics: Relational Semantics of Nonclassical Logical Calculi. \n\n\u2022 Dunn directed or co-directed 17 Ph.D. dissertations, published six books and over 100 papers. \n\n\u2022 After retiring, he served on the board of HealthLINC for ten years and was affiliated with the Info-Metrics Institute at American University. \n\n\u2022 Dunn passed away on April 5, 2021.",
    "Jonathan Bowen": "- Jonathan P. Bowen is a British computer scientist and Emeritus Professor at London South Bank University.\n- He has also been a professor of computer science at Birmingham City University, visiting professor at Pratt Institute, University of Westminster, and King's College London, and a visiting academic at University College London.\n- Bowen's early work was on formal methods, and he later became Chair of the Z User Group and FACS Specialist Group on Formal Aspects of Computing Science.\n- He is also an associate editor for Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering and on the editorial board for the ACM Computing Surveys journal.\n- Bowen founded the Virtual Library museums pages and the Virtual Museum of Computing and later founded Museophile Limited to support museums, especially online.\n- He has worked in industry at various companies, including Oxford Instruments, Marconi Instruments, Logica, Silicon Graphics, and Altran Praxis.\n- Bowen has written and edited several books on formal methods, including Formal Specification and Documentation using Z and The Turing Guide.\n- He has received numerous fellowships and awards, including from the Royal Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce (RSA) and the British Computer Society (BCS).\n- Bowen was educated at the Dragon School, Bryanston School, and University College, Oxford.",
    "Jonathan James": "\n\n- Jonathan Joseph James was an American hacker.\n- He was the first juvenile to be incarcerated in the United States for cybercrime. He was 15 years old at the time of his first offense and 16 years old when he was sentenced.\n- He committed a series of intrusions into various systems, including those of BellSouth, the Miami-Dade school system, and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) of the United States Department of Defense.\n- He was later found to have installed an unauthorized backdoor in a computer server in Dulles, Virginia, which allowed him to intercept over three thousand messages passing to and from DTRA employees and obtain numerous usernames and passwords of other DTRA employees, including at least 10 on official military computers. He also obtained the International Space Station's source code.\n- James was raided on January 26, 2000, by agents from the Department of Defense, NASA and the Pinecrest Police Dept.\n- He pleaded guilty to two counts of juvenile delinquency in exchange for a lenient sentence and was sentenced to seven months of house arrest and probation until the age of eighteen, required to write apology letters to NASA and the Department of Defense, and banned from using computers for recreational purposes. He later violated that probation, tested positive for drug use, and was taken into custody and served six months.\n- In 2008, the TJX department store chain was the victim of a massive computer systems intrusion that compromised the personal and credit information of millions of customers. James was investigated as a possible conspirator, but there was no evidence linking him to the intrusion. However, notes discovered during a search of his home revealed he had considered suicide.\n- On May 18, 2008, Jonathan James was found dead of a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head.",
    "Joseph F Traub": "- Joseph Frederick Traub was an American computer scientist and professor.\n- He held positions at Bell Laboratories, University of Washington, Carnegie Mellon, and Columbia, as well as sabbatical positions at various universities.\n- Traub authored or edited ten monographs and around 120 papers in several fields including computer science, mathematics, physics, finance, and economics.\n- He pioneered work on computational complexity applied to science problems and developed algorithms like the Jenkins-Traub Algorithm for Polynomial Zeros.\n- Traub was the founding Chair of the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, National Academies and founding editor of the Annual Review of Computer Science.\n- He received multiple awards and honors, including the IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award and the 1999 New York City Mayor's Award for Excellence in Science and Technology.\n- Traub donated some 100 boxes of archival material to Carnegie Mellon University Library.\n- He was married to author Pamela McCorduck and had two daughters.\n- His works have been cited 8,500 times as of November 2015, and he has an h-index of 35.",
    "Joseph Halpern": "\n\n- Joseph Yehuda Halpern is a professor of computer science at Cornell University.\n- His research is focused on reasoning about knowledge and uncertainty.\n- He graduated from the University of Toronto with a B.S. in mathematics in 1975.\n- He earned a Ph.D. in mathematics from Harvard University in 1981.\n- Halpern has written three books on actual causality, reasoning about uncertainty, and reasoning about knowledge.\n- He won the G\u00f6del Prize in theoretical computer science in 1997 and the Dijkstra Prize in distributed computing in 2009.\n- Halpern served as editor-in-chief of the Journal of the ACM from 1997 to 2003.\n- He was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 2002 and an IEEE Fellow in 2012.\n- Halpern was awarded a Senior Fellowship of the Zukunftskolleg at the University of Konstanz in 2011.\n- He became a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2019 for his methods of reasoning about knowledge, belief, and uncertainty and their applications to distributed computing and multiagent systems.\n- Halpern is the administrator for the Computing Research Repository and a moderator for subsections of arXiv.org.\n- His notable students include Nir Friedman, Daphne Koller, and Yoram Moses.",
    "Joseph Henry Wegstein": "\n\n- Joseph Henry Wegstein was an American computer scientist born on April 7, 1922 in Washburn, Illinois.\n- He earned a Bachelor of Science degree in physics and a Master of Science degree in engineering physics from the University of Illinois.\n- He worked at the National Bureau of Standards (now NIST) as Acting Chief of the Office for Information Processing Standards, specializing in technical standards for automatic data processing and fingerprint recognition technology.\n- He participated in conferences in Zurich and Paris that developed the programming languages ALGOL 58 and ALGOL 60, respectively.\n- He was involved with international standards in programming and informatics as a member of the IFIP Working Group 2.1 on Algorithmic Languages and Calculi and the CODASYL committee, and helped develop the COBOL language.\n- He published several reports on fingerprint identification systems and the M40 fingerprint matcher.\n- His death occurred on August 16, 1985.",
    "Joseph Kruskal": "\n\n- Joseph Bernard Kruskal was an American mathematician, statistician, computer scientist, and psychometrician.\n- He had two notable brothers, Martin David Kruskal and William Kruskal, who were also scientists.\n- Kruskal earned his Bachelor of Science and Master of Science in Mathematics from the University of Chicago and completed his PhD from Princeton University in 1954.\n- Kruskal worked at Bell Labs from 1959 to 1993 and was also a former president of the Psychometric Society.\n- Kruskal's most influential work was his contribution to the formulation of multidimensional scaling and Kruskal's algorithm for computing the minimal spanning tree of a weighted graph.\n- He is also known for Kruskal's tree theorem and Kruskal-rank, and he applied his work in linguistics in an experimental lexicostatistical study of Indo-European languages.\n- Kruskal passed away in 2010.",
    "Joseph Sifakis": "- Joseph Sifakis is a Greek-French computer scientist born in Heraklion, Crete in 1946.\n- He received the Turing Award in 2007 for his work on model checking alongside Edmund M. Clarke and E. Allen Emerson.\n- Sifakis studied Electrical Engineering at the National Technical University of Athens and Computer Science at the University of Grenoble.\n- He founded the CAV conference with Clarke and Amir Pnueli in 1989 and coordinated the ARTIST European Network of Excellence for research on Embedded Systems from 2004 to 2012.\n- Sifakis has worked on the verification of timed and hybrid systems and the synthesis of timed systems, as well as the development of verification tools.\n- He has focused on component-based design using the BIP component framework and the design of trustworthy autonomous systems, with a recent focus on self-driving cars.\n- Sifakis has received numerous awards, including the Leonardo da Vinci Medal, Grand Officer of the National Order of Merit in France, and membership in the French Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the National Academy of Engineering.",
    "Joshua Lederberg": "\n\n- Joshua Lederberg was an American molecular biologist known for his work in microbial genetics, artificial intelligence, and the United States space program.\n- He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1958 at the age of 33 for discovering bacterial conjugation, the exchange of genes among bacteria. He shared the prize with Edward Tatum and George Beadle, who won for their work with genetics.\n- Lederberg did extensive research in artificial intelligence, which included work in the NASA experimental programs seeking life on Mars and the chemistry expert system Dendral.\n- He founded the Department of Medical Genetics at the University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison in 1957 and later moved to Stanford University as the founder and chairman of the Department of Genetics.\n- Lederberg was concerned about the biological impact of space exploration, and his public advocacy for exobiology helped expand the role of biology in NASA.\n- Awards and accolades include the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Benjamin Franklin Medal for Distinguished Achievement in the Sciences of the American Philosophical Society.\n- In Lederberg's honor, a large impact crater on the surface of Mars was named in 2012.",
    "Joyce K. Reynolds": "\n\n- Joyce Kathleen Reynolds was an American computer scientist who contributed to the development of protocols underlying the Internet.\n- She authored or co-authored many RFCs (Request for Comments) including Telnet, FTP, and POP protocols.\n- Reynolds worked with Jon Postel to develop early functions of the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority and managed the root zone of DNS.\n- She served as Area Director of the User Services area, a member of the Internet Engineering Steering Group of IETF, and co-led the RFC Editor function.\n- Reynolds died due to complications from cancer in 2015 at the age of 63.\n- She received the 2006 Postel Award for her services to the Internet.\n- Reynolds' works include \"The DARPA experimental multimedia mail system\", \"Standard for the transmission of IP datagrams over IEEE 802 networks\", and \"The helminthiasis of the Internet\".\n- Reynolds is mentioned in RFC 1336, \"Who's Who in the Internet\", and is recognized as an Internet pioneer and woman in technology.",
    "Juan E. Gilbert": "- Juan E. Gilbert is an American computer scientist, researcher, inventor, and educator.\n- He is an advocate of diversity in the computing sciences and has been recognized for his efforts to increase the number of underrepresented minorities in the field.\n- Gilbert was awarded the first Presidential Endowed Chair at Clemson University in 2012.\n- His efforts in 2012 led to Clemson having 10% African American computer science professors and 10% of the African American computer science doctoral students in the US.\n- Gilbert has received numerous awards and honors, including the Computing Research Association's A. Nico Habermann Award in 2018 and the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Chairman's Award for Advancement in Accessibility in 2012.\n- He is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the African Scientific Institute.\n- Gilbert has developed projects such as \"Prime III: The world's first all-accessible, electronic voting system\" and \"The Virtual Traffic Stop.\"",
    "Juan Pav\u00f3n": "- Juan Pav\u00f3n is a Spanish computer scientist and full professor at Complutense University of Madrid.\n- He is a pioneer researcher in the field of Software Agents and co-creator of the FIPA MESSAGE and INGENIAS methodologies.\n- Pav\u00f3n worked at Alcatel-Lucent R&D for 10 years before joining the academic world in 1997.\n- His work has focused on software agents research, INGENIAS, agent-based social simulation, and other interdisciplinary research areas.\n- Pav\u00f3n has achieved multiple agreements with relevant research groups and has worked on more than 30 research projects.\n- He has published over 260 scientific publications and has an H-index of 31.\n- Pav\u00f3n has received scientific recognitions including an honorary PhD from the Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie in 2006.\n- His research group GRASIA has achieved recognition through awards such as the AAMAS 2008 Best Academic Software Demo for INGENIAS.\n- Pav\u00f3n is the author of several books and highly cited scientific articles.",
    "Judy Goldsmith (computer scientist)": "- Judy Goldsmith is a computer scientist and professor at the University of Kentucky\n- Her publications cover topics such as artificial intelligence, computational complexity theory, decision theory, and computer science education\n- Goldsmith completed her Ph.D. at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in mathematics in 1988\n- She has spoken in favor of using science fiction to teach the ethics of artificial intelligence in computer science education\n- Goldsmith participates in the Lexington, Kentucky Havurah and serves on the board of Sapiens Plurum\n- In 1997, she won the Mentor Award of the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences\n- Selected publications include papers on nondeterminism within P*, the computational complexity of probabilistic planning, and the complexity of finite-horizon Markov decision process problems",
    "Juris Hartmanis": "\n\n- Juris Hartmanis was a Latvian-born American computer scientist and computational theorist.\n- He was awarded the 1993 ACM Turing Award alongside Richard E. Stearns for their paper on computational complexity theory.\n- Hartmanis received a master's degree in applied mathematics from the University of Kansas City and a Ph.D. in mathematics from Caltech in 1955.\n- He contributed significantly to national efforts to advance computer science and engineering.\n- Hartmanis died on July 29, 2022.\n- The foundational notion of complexity classes and the time hierarchy theorem were defined in Hartmanis and Stearns' seminal paper.\n- Hartmanis continued to make significant contributions to the field of computational complexity theory for decades.\n- He received many awards throughout his career, including the ACM Distinguished Service Award and the grand medal of the Latvian Academy of Sciences.\n- Hartmanis was interviewed several times and videos of two of these interviews are available.",
    "J\u00fcrg Gutknecht": "\n\n- J\u00fcrg Gutknecht is a Swiss computer scientist and professor.\n- He worked for Swissair and IBM before getting his Ph.D. in mathematics from ETH Zurich in 1978.\n- He joined Niklaus Wirth's research team in 1981, where they developed the Lilith computer and Modula-2.\n- After a sabbatical at PARC, Gutknecht developed the Oberon operating system and programming language with Wirth.\n- He also developed the system Sakkara and the programming language Zonnon.\n- Gutknecht's publications are not mentioned.\n- His personal webpage and profile on ETH Zurich's website are provided as external links.",
    "J\u00fcrgen Schmidhuber": "\n\n- J\u00fcrgen Schmidhuber is a German computer scientist known for his work in artificial intelligence (AI), deep learning, and artificial neural networks.\n- He is currently the scientific director of the Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research in Lugano, Switzerland.\n- Schmidhuber completed his undergraduate and PhD studies at the Technical University of Munich in Germany and later became a professor of AI at the Universit\u00e0 della Svizzera Italiana in Lugano.\n- With his students, Schmidhuber has published increasingly sophisticated versions of a type of recurrent neural network called the long short-term memory (LSTM), which has become a crucial component in speech recognition technology used by Google, Apple, Amazon, and Facebook.\n- Schmidhuber's team at IDSIA achieved groundbreaking speedups of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) using fast parallel computers called GPUs, which led to the first superhuman performance in a computer vision contest.\n- In 2014, Schmidhuber founded Nnaisense, a company focused on commercial applications of AI in fields such as finance, heavy industry, and self-driving cars.\n- Schmidhuber has been referred to as the \"father of modern AI\" and the \"father of deep learning,\" though he has credited Alexey Grigorevich Ivakhnenko as the \"father of deep learning.\"\n- Schmidhuber has been critical of fellow deep learning researchers Geoffrey Hinton, Yann LeCun, and Yoshua Bengio for allegedly understating the contributions of early machine learning pioneers, including Schmidhuber and Ivakhnenko.\n- Schmidhuber has received several awards and honors, including the Helmholtz Award and the Neural Networks Pioneer Award for his contributions to deep learning and neural networks.",
    "Karlheinz Brandenburg": "- Karlheinz Brandenburg is a German electrical engineer and mathematician\n- He developed the MP3 method for audio data compression with Ernst Eberlein, Heinz Gerhauser, Bernhard Grill, Jurgen Herre, and Harald Popp\n- He has also worked in the fields of audio coding, perception measurement, wave field synthesis, and psychoacoustics\n- Brandenburg received a Dipl. Ing. degree from Erlangen University in Electrical Engineering and a Dipl. Math. degree in Mathematics and obtained his PhD from the Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg in Electrical Engineering\n- Brandenburg's research on digital audio coding and perceptual measurement techniques is the basis for MPEG-1 Layer 3 (MP3), MPEG-2 Advanced Audio Coding (AAC), and most other modern audio compression schemes\n- He has been a professor of electronic media technology at the Technical University Ilmenau since 2000 and currently serves as the director of the Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Media Technology (IDMT)\n- Brandenburg has received numerous national and international research awards, prizes, and honors\n- He has been called the \"father of MP3\" format\n- Some of the awards he has received include the IEEE Masaru Ibuka Consumer Electronics Award, the German Future Award, and the Information of the IIS about the German Future Award 2000.",
    "Kathleen Booth": "- Kathleen Booth was a British computer scientist and mathematician\n- She wrote the first assembly language and designed the assembler and autocode for the first computer systems at Birkbeck College, University of London\n- She helped design three different machines including the ARC (Automatic Relay Calculator), SEC (Simple Electronic Computer), and APE(X)C\n- Booth obtained a BSc in mathematics from the University of London in 1944 and a PhD in Applied Mathematics in 1950\n- She was a Research Scientist at British Rubber Producers' Research Association and a Research Fellow and Lecturer at Birkbeck College, University of London\n- Booth's research on neural networks led to successful programs simulating ways in which animals recognise patterns and characters\n- She co-authored \"Automatic Digital Calculators\" (1953) which illustrated the 'Planning and Coding' programming style\n- Booth died on 29 September 2022, at the age of 100.",
    "Kathy Pham": "\n\n- Kathy Pham is a computer scientist and product management executive.\n- She has held leadership roles at Google, IBM, the Georgia Tech Research Institute, and Harris Healthcare.\n- Pham was a founding member of the United States Digital Service in the Executive Office of the President of the United States at The White House.\n- She is a Fellow and Faculty member at the Harvard Kennedy School, where she teaches Product Management and Society.\n- Pham has been a Fellow at Mozilla and the Harvard Berkman Klein Center, where she co-founded the Ethical Tech Group and was part of the Ethics and Governance of Artificial Intelligence Fellows.\n- Pham co-leads the Responsible Computer Science Challenge and co-founded the Mozilla Fix the Internet Incubator.\n- She founded Product and Society, which focuses on product management, ethics, and the public interest.\n- Pham has won several honors, including being inducted into the Computing Hall of Fame at the Georgia Institute of Technology and being invited to give commencement speeches at Harvard University and the Harvard Kennedy School.\n- She is also the founder and executive director of the Cancer Sidekick Foundation and the founder of the Boston Chapter of Women in Product.",
    "Kelsey Hightower": "\n\n- Kelsey Hightower is an American software engineer, developer advocate, and speaker.\n- He is known for his work with Kubernetes, open-source software, and cloud computing.\n- Hightower grew up in Long Beach, California and later moved to Atlanta, Georgia for high school.\n- He enrolled in Clayton State University but didn't continue because he found the technology courses lacking.\n- Hightower earned his CompTIA A+ information technology (IT) certification and got a job with BellSouth installing DSL service.\n- He started his own IT consultancy and later worked briefly at Google and Total Systems before joining Puppet as a software engineer in 2013.\n- Hightower briefly worked at a small Portland startup called Monsoon Commerce, at which he wrote confd, his open-source project.\n- He joined CoreOS in 2014 and began to contribute significantly to the Kubernetes project.\n- Hightower has worked for Google as an engineer and developer advocate in their cloud computing division since November 2015.\n- In 2014, Hightower became an active evangelist of Kubernetes and began to speak widely on the topic at developer conferences.\n- He co-founded the Kubernetes-focused conference KubeCon in 2015 and co-wrote a book with Kubernetes co-founders Joe Beda and Brendan Burns titled \"Kubernetes Up and Running\" in 2017.\n- Hightower was co-chair of the O'Reilly Open Source Convention in 2019 and on the governing board of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation.\n- He is a distinguished engineer, level 9 (L9) as an individual contributor, with Google Cloud as of October 2022.",
    "Ken Forbus": "\n\n- Ken Forbus is a Walter P. Murphy Professor of Computer Science and Professor of Education at Northwestern University.\n- He received his Bachelor of Science, Master of Science, and PhD in artificial intelligence from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\n- Forbus is known for his research in qualitative process theory, automated sketch understanding, and automated analogical reasoning.\n- He developed the structure mapping engine based on the structure-mapping theory of Dedre Gentner.\n- Forbus is a fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) and the Cognitive Science Society.",
    "Ken Kennedy (computer scientist)": "\n\n- Ken Kennedy was an American computer scientist and professor at Rice University\n- He was the founding chairman of Rice's Computer Science Department\n- Kennedy directed the construction of several substantial software systems for programming parallel computers\n- He wrote over 200 articles and book chapters, plus numerous conference addresses\n- Kennedy was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1990 and named a Fellow of the AAAS in 1994 and of the ACM and IEEE in 1995\n- In 1999, he was named recipient of the ACM SIGPLAN Programming Languages Achievement Award\n- Kennedy died of pancreatic cancer in Houston at the age of 61\n- On November 18, 2009, the ACM and IEEE awarded the first Ken Kennedy CS Award to Francine Berman of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute\n- His last publication was about the failure of the High Performance Fortran language which he had championed\n- Kennedy directed the PhD dissertations of 38 graduate students and masters theses for 8 students.",
    "Ken Thompson (computer programmer)": "- Kenneth Lane Thompson is an American pioneer of computer science\n- He designed and implemented the original Unix operating system while working at Bell Labs\n- Thompson invented the B programming language, the predecessor to C, and was involved in the development of the Plan 9 operating system\n- Other notable contributions include work on regular expressions, text editors, endgame tablebases in chess, and the UTF-8 encoding\n- Thompson won the Turing Award in 1983 with Dennis Ritchie for their development of generic operating systems theory and specifically for the implementation of the UNIX operating system\n- Thompson retired from Bell Labs in 2000 and began working at Google, where he co-developed the Go programming language\n- He has received numerous awards throughout his career, including the National Medal of Technology, the IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal, and the Japan Prize\n- Thompson is married and has a son.",
    "Kit Cosper": "\n\n- James Kitchen \"Kit\" Cosper was the sixth employee at Red Hat and a founder of Linux Hardware Solutions and Linux International.\n- After LHS was acquired by VA Linux, Cosper became the Director of Miscellaneous, then managed their Open Source advocacy group.\n- In 2001, he left VA and became the Executive Technical Advisor and interim CTO at Telkonet, a powerline networking startup in Maryland.\n- Cosper is married to Lourie Cosper, and they have three children: William, Keifer, and Elizabeth.\n- His first grandchild, Hulet James Cosper, was born in January 2019 to his oldest son and his wife.\n- External links include an article on open source and Microsoft, and a personal info page from WayBackMachine.",
    "Klara Dan von Neumann": "\n\n- Kl\u00e1ra D\u00e1n von Neumann was a Hungarian-American computer scientist and one of the first computer programmers.\n- She was born in Budapest in 1911 to a wealthy Jewish family and became a national champion in figure skating at the age of 14.\n- After marrying mathematician John von Neumann, she moved to the United States and worked as a programmer at Los Alamos National Laboratory and Princeton University.\n- She helped program the MANIAC I and ENIAC machines, and assisted in producing the first successful meteorological forecast on a computer.\n- D\u00e1n wrote the preface to her husband's Silliman Lectures after his death in 1957.\n- She married oceanographer and physicist Carl Eckart in 1958 and died in 1963, with her death listed as a suicide.\n- Further reading includes \"Turing's Cathedral: The Origins of the Digital Universe\" by George Dyson and \"Klara and the Bomb\" by Crystal Bennes.\n- There is a podcast episode about D\u00e1n titled \"A Grasshopper in Very Tall Grass\" in the \"Lost Women of Science\" series.",
    "Klaus-Robert M\u00fcller": "- Klaus-Robert M\u00fcller is a German computer scientist and physicist.\n- He is known for his work in machine learning and brain-computer interfaces.\n- He received his Diplom in mathematical physics and PhD in theoretical computer science from the University of Karlsruhe.\n- He started building up the Intelligent Data Analysis (IDA) group at GMD/Berlin in 1995.\n- He became an associate professor for neuroinformatics at the University of Potsdam in 1999 and a full professor for Neural Networks and Time Series Analysis in 2003.\n- Since 2006, he has held the chair for Machine Learning at the Technical University Berlin.\n- He co-founded and co-directs the Berlin Big Data Center (BBDC).\n- 29 former doctoral or postdoctoral researchers he has supervised have become full professors themselves.\n- His research interests include statistical learning theory, learning of non-stationarity data, fusion of structured heterogeneous multi-modal data, and various applications of machine learning.\n- He has received several honours and awards, including the Vodafone Innovations Award 2017 and the Science Prize of Berlin 2014.\n- He has co-edited several books, including \"xxAI - Beyond Explainable Artificial Intelligence\" and \"Explainable AI: Interpreting, Explaining, and Visualizing Deep Learning\".\n- His publications are indexed by Google Scholar, and he has an official website.",
    "Kleene closure": "- Kleene star is a unary operation used in mathematical logic and computer science.\n- It can be applied to sets of strings or characters and is often used in the context of regular expressions.\n- When applied to a set of strings, it produces the smallest superset of the set that contains the empty string and is closed under string concatenation.\n- When applied to a set of characters, it produces the set of all possible strings that can be generated from the characters.\n- The Kleene plus is a variation that omits the empty string from the resulting set.\n- The Kleene star can be applied to any monoid, not just strings, and is part of the algebraic structure of complete star semiring.",
    "Kristen Nygaard": "- Kristen Nygaard was a Norwegian computer scientist, programming language pioneer, and politician.\n- Nygaard co-invented object-oriented programming and the programming language Simula with Ole-Johan Dahl in the 1960s.\n- Nygaard and Dahl received the 2001 A. M. Turing Award for their contribution to computer science.\n- Nygaard worked at the Norwegian Defense Research Establishment and the Norwegian Computing Center, where he became the Director of Research.\n- Nygaard conducted research on planning, control, and data processing for Norwegian trade unions, as well as the social impact of computer technology and the general system description language DELTA.\n- Nygaard was a professor at Aarhus University and the University of Oslo, where he developed the Scandinavian School in System Development and the general object-oriented programming language BETA.\n- Nygaard received several awards and recognitions for his work, including the Norbert Wiener Award and the IEEE John von Neumann Medal.\n- Nygaard was also involved in Norwegian politics and activism, particularly against Norway's membership in the European Common Market and the European Union.\n- Nygaard died of a heart attack in 2002.",
    "Kunihiko Fukushima": "\n\n- Kunihiko Fukushima is a Japanese computer scientist.\n- He is known for his work on artificial neural networks and deep learning.\n- He published neocognitron in 1980, the original deep convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture.\n- He proposed several supervised and unsupervised learning algorithms to train the parameters of the neocognitron to learn internal representations of incoming data.\n- Fukushima received his Bachelor of Engineering in electronics from Kyoto University in 1958.\n- He served as founding President of the Japanese Neural Network Society (JNNS) and was a founding member on the Board of Governors of the International Neural Network Society (INNS) and President of the Asia-Pacific Neural Network Assembly (APNNA).\n- In 2020, Fukushima received the Bower Award and Prize for Achievement in Science, the IEICE Achievement Award and Excellent Paper Awards, the IEEE Neural Networks Pioneer Award, the APNNA Outstanding Achievement Award, the JNNS Excellent Paper Award, and the INNS Helmholtz Award.\n- He is currently working part-time as a Senior Research Scientist at the Fuzzy Logic Systems Institute in Fukuoka, Japan.\n- His ResearchMap profile can be found in the External links section.",
    "Kurt Bollacker": "\n\n- Kurt Bollacker is an American computer scientist.\n- He has a research background in machine learning, digital libraries, semantic networks, and electro-cardiographic modeling.\n- Bollacker received a Ph.D. in Computer Engineering from The University of Texas at Austin.\n- He worked as a biomedical research engineer at the Duke University Medical Center where he worked on electro-cardiography.\n- Bollacker co-created the CiteSeer research tool while a visiting researcher at the NEC Research Institute.\n- He led the work to create The Wayback Machine while Technical Director of the Internet Archive.\n- Bollacker was a key contributor to the development of Freebase while Chief Scientist at Metaweb Technologies.\n- He worked at Applied Minds and as a consulting Data Scientist after Metaweb.\n- Bollacker is involved with multiple non-profit organizations and serves on the Advisory Board of The Common Crawl Foundation.\n- He has pursued research on long-term digital archiving as the Digital Research Director at the non-profit Long Now Foundation.",
    "L. R. Ford, Jr.": "\n\n- Lester Randolph Ford Jr. was an American mathematician specializing in network flow problems\n- He is the son of mathematician Lester R. Ford Sr.\n- Ford's paper with D. R. Fulkerson established the max-flow min-cut theorem in 1954\n- He developed the Bellman\u2013Ford algorithm for finding shortest paths in graphs with negative weights in 1956\n- With Selmer M. Johnson, he developed the Ford\u2013Johnson algorithm for sorting\n- In 1963, he published an innovative textbook on calculus with his father, Lester R. Ford\n- He earned his bachelor's degree from the University of Chicago and his Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign\n- He worked for the U. S. Army, University of North Carolina, and RAND Corporation\n- He was married twice and had nine children with his first wife, Janet Johnson\n- He passed away on February 26, 2017.",
    "Larry Tesler": "- Lawrence Gordon Tesler was an American computer scientist who focused on human-computer interaction.\n- He worked at Xerox PARC, Apple, Amazon, and Yahoo!.\n- At PARC, Tesler worked on Smalltalk, the first dynamic object-oriented programming language, and Gypsy, the first word processor with a graphical user interface (GUI) for the Xerox Alto. He also developed the idea of copy and paste functionality and the idea of modeless software.\n- At Apple, Tesler worked on the Apple Lisa, the Apple Newton, and helped to develop Object Pascal and its use in application programming toolkits including MacApp.\n- Tesler also co-founded Stagecast Software and was later an independent consultant helping Silicon Valley companies with designing their user interfaces.\n- He maintained a counterculture vision that computers should be for everyone and was an advocate for modeless software.\n- Tesler died on February 16, 2020, at the age of 74.",
    "Latanya Sweeney": "\n\n- Latanya Arvette Sweeney is an American computer scientist and a professor at Harvard University.\n- She is the founder and director of the Public Interest Tech Lab and the Data Privacy Lab.\n- Sweeney is credited with the observation that \"87% of the U.S. population is uniquely identified by date of birth, gender, postal code\".\n- She completed her undergraduate degree in computer science at the Harvard University Extension School and received her Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\n- Sweeney founded the Data Privacy Lab at Carnegie Mellon University in 2001.\n- Her research has focused on data privacy and re-identification, which includes her successful identification of then Massachusetts governor, William Weld, using publicly accessible records.\n- Her work has had a significant impact on privacy-centered policymaking, including the health privacy legislation HIPAA.\n- Sweeney's research aims to provide a cross-disciplinary perspective about privacy in the process of disseminating data.\n- In 2021, Sweeney launched the Public Interest Technology Lab at Harvard's John F. Kennedy School of Government.",
    "Lawrence J. Fogel": "- Lawrence Fogel was a pioneer in evolutionary computation and human factors analysis.\n- He worked in aerospace engineering and antenna design, and designed active noise cancellation to reduce noise in helicopter cockpit environments.\n- He was interested in information theory and communications, and worked for Convair and General Dynamics on the F-102 Delta Dagger, F-106 Delta Dart, and other missile and electronics products.\n- Fogel explored evolutionary programming for time-series prediction, which became the basis of his Ph.D. dissertation and the first book in the field of evolutionary computation.\n- In 1965, he founded Decision Science, Inc. specifically for applications of evolutionary programming.\n- He was also well known for his interest in radio-controlled sailboats and sailplanes, as well as music.\n- Fogel received many scientific honors and published several articles and books on evolutionary programming and other topics.",
    "Lawrence M. Breed": "- Lawrence Moser \"Larry\" Breed was a computer scientist, artist and inventor.\n- He created the first computer animation language and system at Stanford University in 1961.\n- As a graduate student, he corresponded with APL's inventor, Ken Iverson, and helped create the first implementation of APL with Philip S. Abrams.\n- Breed received the Grace Murray Hopper Award in 1973 for his work in the design and implementation of APL.\n- He co-founded Scientific Time Sharing Corporation in 1969 and led the development of the APL PLUS time-sharing system.\n- Breed rejoined IBM in 1977 and worked on the ISO APL standard and porting BSD Unix onto IBM platforms.\n- After retiring in 1992, he became a significant contributor to the Burning Man event, creating artistic installations and promoting the \"Leave No Trace\" ethos.\n- Breed also devised the Gray-B-Gon and Evapotron evaporators for graywater disposal, directing the construction of over 100 units by Burning Man campers as of 2012.\n- Breed authored several publications related to APL and file systems.",
    "Lawrence Paulson": "\n\n- Lawrence Charles Paulson is a computer scientist and a professor of Computational Logic at the University of Cambridge.\n- He graduated from the California Institute of Technology in 1977 and obtained his PhD in Computer Science from Stanford University in 1981.\n- Paulson is best known for his text on the programming language ML and his research on the interactive theorem prover Isabelle.\n- He has worked on the verification of cryptographic protocols and formalised the constructible universe of Kurt G\u00f6del.\n- Paulson teaches an undergraduate course called Logic and Proof.\n- In 2017, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society and in 2008, a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery.\n- Paulson has two children from his first marriage, and he married Dr Elena Tchougounova in 2012.",
    "Lee Giles": "- Clyde Lee Giles is a computer scientist and professor at Pennsylvania State University\n- He has graduate degrees from the University of Michigan and the University of Arizona, and undergraduate degrees from Rhodes College and the University of Tennessee\n- He is known for his work on creating novel scientific and academic search engines and digital libraries, and is considered one of the founders of academic document search\n- He has researched in various fields, including recurrent neural networks, optical computing, intelligent web and cyberinfrastructure tools, search engines and information retrieval, and data mining\n- He has over 500 publications and an h-index of 113\n- He is a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and International Neural Networks Society\n- He has twice received the IBM Distinguished Faculty Award and other awards from various societies and organizations\n- He has also served as an expert witness for Google and Yahoo",
    "Lenore Blum": "\n\n- Lenore Carol Blum is an American computer scientist and mathematician.\n\n- She has contributed to the theories of real number computation, cryptography, and pseudorandom number generation.\n\n- She was a distinguished career professor of computer science at Carnegie Mellon University until 2019 and is currently a professor in residence at the University of California, Berkeley.\n\n- Blum has made efforts to increase diversity in mathematics and computer science by establishing mentoring and outreach programs for women, including the Women@SCS program at CMU.\n\n- She is known for the Blum Blum Shub pseudorandom number generator and the Blum-Shub-Smale machine, a theoretical model of computation over the real numbers.\n\n- Blum has won several awards, including the Presidential Award for Excellence in Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Mentoring and the Simmons University 2018 Distinguished Alumnae Lifetime Achievement Award.\n\n- She is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the American Mathematical Society, and she was selected as a fellow of the Association for Women in Mathematics in the inaugural class.\n\n- Blum is married to Manuel Blum and is the mother of Avrim Blum, all of whom are MIT alumni and professors of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon.",
    "Leonard Adleman": "- Leonard Adleman is an American computer scientist and mathematician.\n- He is one of the creators of the RSA encryption algorithm.\n- Adleman received the Turing Award in 2002 for his work on the RSA cryptosystem.\n- He also created the field of DNA computing, which uses DNA as a computational system.\n- Adleman solved a seven-node instance of the Hamiltonian Graph problem using DNA computing in 1994, which was the first known use of DNA to compute an algorithm.\n- He is referred to as the Father of DNA Computing.\n- Adleman and his research group solved a 20-variable SAT problem using DNA computation in 2002.\n- Adleman is also known for his work on the Adleman-Pomerance-Rumely primality test and for coining the term \"computer virus.\"\n- He is currently working on the mathematical theory of Strata and is a Computer Science professor at the University of Southern California.\n- Adleman has received numerous awards, including the Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award and the 2021 ACM Fellow.",
    "Leonard Kleinrock": "\n\n- Leonard Kleinrock is an American computer scientist and a professor at UCLA's Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science.\n- Kleinrock is best known for his work in queueing theory, which he applied to model delays in message switching networks in his Ph.D. thesis.\n- He later applied queueing theory to model the performance of packet switching networks, which played an influential role in the development of the ARPANET.\n- Kleinrock supervised graduate students who worked on communication protocols for internetworking, which led to the development of the Internet protocol suite.\n- His work on hierarchical routing in the late 1970s with student Farouk Kamoun remains critical to the operation of the Internet today.\n- Kleinrock has received numerous professional awards, including being elected as a member of the National Academy of Engineering and receiving the Draper Prize for the development of the Internet.\n- He has been inducted into the Internet Hall of Fame by the Internet Society and granted the 2014 BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award for his contributions to the theory and practical development of the Internet.",
    "Leonid Levin": "- Leonid Anatolievich Levin is a Soviet-American mathematician and computer scientist\n- He is known for his work in randomness in computing, algorithmic complexity and intractability, average-case complexity, foundations of mathematics and computer science, algorithmic probability, theory of computation, and information theory.\n- He obtained his master's degree at Moscow University in 1970 where he studied under Andrey Kolmogorov and completed the Candidate Degree academic requirements in 1972.\n- He and Stephen Cook independently discovered the existence of NP-complete problems.\n- This NP-completeness theorem, often called the Cook\u2013Levin theorem, was a basis for one of the seven Millennium Prize Problems declared by the Clay Mathematics Institute with a $1,000,000 prize offered.\n- The Cook\u2013Levin theorem was an important step in the development of the theory of computational complexity.\n- Levin was awarded the Knuth Prize in 2012 for his discovery of NP-completeness and the development of average-case complexity.\n- He is a member of the US National Academy of Sciences and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.\n- Levin currently works as a professor of computer science at Boston University, where he began teaching in 1980.",
    "Leslie Lamport": "- Leslie B. Lamport is an American computer scientist and mathematician.\n- He is best known for his work in distributed systems and for developing LaTeX and its first manual.\n- He won the 2013 Turing Award for his contributions to distributed and concurrent systems.\n- His research in distributed systems includes work on logical clocks, consensus algorithms, and determining consistent global states.\n- Lamport also worked on temporal logic, including the introduction of temporal logic of actions (TLA).\n- He has received multiple awards and honors, including five honorary doctorates and the IEEE John von Neumann Medal.",
    "Leslie Valiant": "\n\n- Leslie Gabriel Valiant is a British American computer scientist and computational theorist.\n- He is the T. Jefferson Coolidge Professor of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics at Harvard University.\n- Valiant was awarded the Turing Award in 2010, described by the A.C.M. as a heroic figure in theoretical computer science.\n- Valiant was educated at King's College, Cambridge, Imperial College London, and the University of Warwick.\n- He made significant contributions to complexity theory, including the notion of #P-completeness and the probably approximately correct (PAC) model of machine learning.\n- Valiant also works in computational neuroscience, focusing on memory and learning.\n- He received numerous awards and honors, including the Nevanlinna Prize, Knuth Prize, and EATCS Award.\n- Valiant is a Fellow of the Royal Society, the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, and a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences.\n- Valiant's two sons are both theoretical computer scientists.",
    "Linus Torvalds": "- Linus Torvalds is a Finnish software engineer.\n- He is the creator and former lead developer of the Linux kernel.\n- Torvalds was also the creator of the Git distributed version control system.\n- He was honored with the Millennium Technology Prize in 2012 for his creation of Linux.\n- Torvalds is married with three daughters and is an atheist.\n- He has been recognized by Time magazine as one of the most influential people in the world and was named one of \"the best managers\" by BusinessWeek.\n- Torvalds holds the Linux trademark and monitors its use through the Linux Mark Institute.\n- He developed an interest in scuba diving and created the Subsurface project.\n- Torvalds has been involved in controversy over his behavior on the Linux kernel mailing list.\n- He has authored or co-authored several books, including \"Just for Fun: The Story of an Accidental Revolutionary.\"",
    "Lisa Anthony": "\n\n- Lisa Anthony is an Associate Professor in the Department of Computer & Information Science & Engineering (CISE) at the University of Florida and director of the Intelligent Natural Interaction Technology Laboratory (INIT Lab).\n- Her research interests are in developing natural user interfaces for greater human-computer interaction, specifically for children.\n- Lisa Anthony earned a B.S. and M.S. in computer science from Drexel University and a Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon University in 2008, focusing on developing handwriting-based systems for algebra equation-solving.\n- Anthony was also a Post-Doctoral Research Associate and Research Assistant Professor at the University of Maryland and worked on advanced user interface technologies at Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Laboratories.\n- Lisa Anthony has won a National Science Foundation CAREER Award, HWCOE Undergraduate Faculty Adviser/Mentor of the Year, and various Best Paper Awards. \n- Her publications include journal articles on computer-aided design, user interface prototypes, intelligent tutors, and inferring smartphone users' age group from touch measurements alone.",
    "Lisa Gelobter": "\n\n- Lisa Gelobter is a computer scientist, technologist, and CEO.\n- She was the Chief Digital Service Officer for the United States Department of Education.\n- She founded tEQuitable, a start-up that provides an independent platform to address workplace issues.\n- Gelobter raised over $2 million for tEQuitable, becoming one of only 34 Black women to raise $1 million or more in venture capital.\n- Gelobter's father was Jewish, and her mother was African-American and from the Caribbean.\n- She graduated from Brown University with a degree in computer science with a concentration in artificial intelligence and machine learning.\n- Gelobter has experience in strategy development, product management, and engineering.\n- She helped to improve HealthCare.gov and led the team that built the United States Department of Education College Scorecard.\n- Gelobter was the Chief Digital Officer for BET Networks and worked on Shockwave, a multimedia platform for video games.\n- She is on the advisory board of Bridge Foundry and was named one of Fast Company\u2019s Most Creative People.",
    "Lotfi Zadeh": "- Lotfi Aliasker Zadeh was a mathematician, computer scientist, electrical engineer, artificial intelligence researcher, and professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley.\n- Zadeh proposed fuzzy mathematics, which includes concepts of fuzzy sets, fuzzy logic, fuzzy algorithms, and others.\n- He was born in Baku, Azerbaijan, and educated in Iran and the United States.\n- Zadeh taught at Columbia University and then joined the faculty at the University of California, Berkeley in 1959, where he remained until he died in 2017.\n- He was known for his contributions to classical control systems and to fuzzy sets and systems.\n- Zadeh received numerous awards and honors, including the IEEE Medal of Honor and the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Electrical Engineering.\n- In 2014, the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society established the \"Lotfi A. Zadeh Pioneer Award\" to honor his contributions to academic and industrial research in systems science and engineering, human-machine systems, and cybernetics.",
    "Luca Cardelli": "\n\n- Luca Andrea Cardelli is an Italian computer scientist and research professor at the University of Oxford.\n- He is known for his research in type theory and operational semantics.\n- Cardelli helped design the language Modula-3 and implemented the first compiler for the functional language ML.\n- He defined the concept of typeful programming and helped develop the experimental language Polyphonic C#.\n- Cardelli received his PhD from the University of Edinburgh in 1982.\n- He previously worked for Bell Labs and Digital Equipment Corporation on Unix software including vismon.\n- Cardelli was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 2004 and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2005.\n- In 2007, he was awarded the Senior AITO Dahl-Nygaard Prize named for Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard.",
    "M. A. Rothman": "\n\n- Michael A. Rothman is an American engineer and writer of science fiction, epic fantasy, and techno thriller novels. \n- He holds over 1000 patents worldwide and is one of the primary architects of the UEFI standard.\n- His debut novel was the epic fantasy young adult Heirs of Prophecy, published in 2012. \n- Three of his novels have appeared on the USA Today bestseller list.\n- He has written several novels in the hard science fiction, epic fantasy, techno thriller, and dystopia genres.\n- Rothman is a senior engineer at Intel and is the chair of the UEFI Configuration Sub-team (UCST).\n- His non-fiction writing includes books and papers on the UEFI standard, published under his full name.\n- His fiction writing includes multiple series in different genres, published under the name M. A. Rothman. \n- Critical reception of his writing has been positive, with praise for his character development and use of science.",
    "Maciej Stachowiak": "\n\n- Maciej Stachowiak is a Polish American software developer.\n- He is currently employed by Apple Inc. as a leader of the development team responsible for the WebKit Framework.\n- Stachowiak was involved with the SCWM, GNOME, and Nautilus projects for Linux before joining Apple.\n- He is actively involved in the development of web standards and served as a co-chair of the World Wide Web Consortium's HTML 5 working group.\n- Stachowiak completed his education at MIT, where he worked on the Rethinking CS101 project.\n- From 1999 to 2001, he worked for Eazel and contributed to various Linux software projects, including Nautilus file manager.\n- Most of the engineers from Eazel joined Apple's Safari team in June 2001.\n- Stachowiak announced the release of JavaScriptCore on a mailing list in 2002.\n- He co-authored the W3C HTML Design Principles for HTML5 in May 2009.\n- Stachowiak is a co-chair of the World Wide Web Consortium's HTML Working Group along with IBM's Sam Ruby and Microsoft's Paul Cotton.",
    "Madhu Sudan": "- Madhu Sudan is an Indian-American computer scientist\n- He is currently a Gordon McKay Professor of Computer Science at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences\n- Sudan received his bachelor's degree in computer science from IIT Delhi in 1987 and his doctoral degree in computer science at the University of California, Berkeley in 1992\n- He worked at IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center and then at MIT before joining Microsoft Research New England as a permanent researcher from 2009 to 2015\n- Sudan was awarded the Rolf Nevanlinna Prize, the ACM's Distinguished Doctoral Dissertation Award, the G\u00f6del Prize, and the Infosys Prize for his work in advancing the theory of probabilistically checkable proofs and developing error-correcting codes\n- He is a fellow of the ACM and the American Mathematical Society\n- In 2017, Sudan was elected to the National Academy of Sciences\n- In 2021, he was awarded the IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal for his contributions to theoretical computer science",
    "Mahadev Satyanarayanan": "- Mahadev \"Satya\" Satyanarayanan is an Indian experimental computer scientist and professor at Carnegie Mellon University.\n- His research focuses on performance, scalability, availability, and trust challenges in computing systems from the cloud to the mobile edge.\n- He is credited with many advances in edge computing, distributed systems, mobile computing, pervasive computing, and Internet of Things.\n- He played a role in the development of the Andrew File System (AFS).\n- His work on the Coda File System received the ACM SIGOPS Hall of Fame Award in 2015.\n- He initiated the Odyssey, Aura, ISR, Olive, Diamond, Elijah, and Gabriel projects.\n- His pioneer work on the concept of cloudlets and edge computing has become influential in industry and academia.",
    "Mahmoud Samir Fayed": "\n\n- Mahmoud Samir Fayed is a computer programmer and researcher at King Saud University.\n- Fayed created the PWCT programming language, a free open source visual programming language for software development, in 2008.\n- Fayed also created or designed the Supernova and Ring programming languages, which are also free and open source.\n- Fayed received a Master's degree in 2017 from King Saud University, having previously studied computer science at Menoufia University in Egypt.\n- In 2013, Fayed worked with other researchers to design the LASCNN algorithm for graph theory.\n- Fayed has authored various papers and books on programming languages, and he has worked as a reviewer for the Journal of Visual Languages and Computing.\n- Fayed's home page at King Saud University and links to his programming languages can be found on external websites.",
    "Manfred K. Warmuth": "\n\n\u2022 Manfred Klaus Warmuth is a researcher and former professor at the University of California, Santa Cruz.\n\n\u2022 He is mainly interested in computational learning theory.\n\n\u2022 Warmuth focuses on online learning algorithms.",
    "Manindra Agrawal": "\n\n- Manindra Agrawal is a professor at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur.\n- He received the first Infosys Prize for Mathematics, the Godel Prize in 2006, and the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in Mathematical Sciences in 2003.\n- Agrawal and his co-authors created the AKS primality test, winning the 2006 Fulkerson Prize and the 2006 G\u00f6del Prize.\n- He was also awarded the 2002 Clay Research Award for this work.\n- The AKS primality test is the first unconditional deterministic algorithm to test an n-digit number for primality in a time that has been proven to be polynomial in n.\n- Agrawal was chosen for the first Infosys Mathematics Prize in 2008.\n- He served on the Mathematical Sciences jury for the Infosys Prize in 2014 and 2015.\n- Agrawal was a visiting scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in 2003-04.\n- He was honored with the Padma Shri in 2013 and the TWAS Prize in 2010.",
    "Manny M Lehman": "- Meir \"Manny\" Lehman was a professor at Middlesex University and Imperial College London.\n- He studied mathematics at Imperial College London and worked at Ferranti and Israel's Ministry of Defense before joining IBM's research division.\n- Lehman's research contributions include the early discovery of software evolution and Lehman's laws of software evolution.\n- He returned to Imperial College London in 1972 and remained there for 30 years before moving to Middlesex University in 2002.\n- Lehman was a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and the ACM, and received the Harlan D. Mills Award.\n- He passed away in Jerusalem in 2010.",
    "Manolis Kellis": "\n\n- Manolis Kellis is a professor of computer science at MIT in the area of computational biology and a member of the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard.\n- He has made significant contributions to genomics, human genetics, epigenomics, gene regulation, genome evolution, disease mechanism, and single-cell genomics.\n- Kellis co-led several large-scale genomics projects, including the Roadmap Epigenomics project, the ENCODE, GENCODE, and modENCODE projects, and the Genotype Tissue-Expression (GTEx) project.\n- He has specific domain expertise in obesity, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, heart disease, ALS and FTLD, and cancer.\n- Kellis has authored 187 journal publications that have been cited 68,380 times as of July 2018.\n- He received numerous awards, including the US Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers, the National Science Foundation CAREER award, and the Sloan Research Fellowship.\n- Kellis co-taught MIT's required undergraduate introductory algorithm courses and a computational biology course at MIT.\n- He gave a TEDx talk on \"Decoding A Genomic Revolution\" and participated in a Reddit Ask Me Anything (AMA) session.",
    "Manuela M. Veloso": "\n\n- Manuela Maria Veloso is the Head of J.P. Morgan AI Research and a professor in the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University.\n- Prior to her current position, she was the Head of the Machine Learning Department at Carnegie Mellon.\n- Veloso is a fellow of AAAI, IEEE, AAAS, and ACM.\n- She is an international expert in artificial intelligence and robotics and has won several awards for her work.\n- Veloso received her Licenciatura and Master of Science degree from Lisbon's Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico and her Ph.D. in computer science from Carnegie Mellon.\n- Her research focuses on autonomous agents and the combination of cognition, perception, and action to address planning, execution, and learning tasks.\n- Veloso and her students have researched and developed various autonomous robots, including soccer robots and mobile service robots.\n- She has won the NSF CAREER Award, the Allen Newell Medal, the Einstein Chair Professorship, and the ACM/SIGART Autonomous Agents Research Award.\n- Veloso has also served as the president of AAAI and the co-founder and past president of the RoboCup Federation.\n- She is featured in the Notable Women in Computing cards.",
    "Marco Dorigo": "- Marco Dorigo is a research director for the Belgian Funds for Scientific Research and a co-director of IRIDIA, the artificial intelligence lab of the Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles.\n- He received a PhD in System and Information Engineering in 1992 from the Polytechnic University of Milan.\n- He is the leading proponent of the ant colony optimization metaheuristic and one of the founders of the swarm intelligence research field.\n- He is involved with research in swarm robotics and is the coordinator of two swarm robotics projects funded by the Future and Emerging Technologies Program of the European Commission.\n- He is the founding editor and editor in chief of Swarm Intelligence, the principal peer-reviewed publication dedicated to reporting research and new developments in this multidisciplinary field.\n- He has received multiple awards for his contributions to the field, including the Marie Curie Research Excellence Award, Dr A. De Leeuw-Damry-Bourlart award in Applied Sciences, Cajastur International Prize for Soft Computing, and IEEE Frank Rosenblatt Award.\n- He is the recipient of an ERC Advanced Grant (2010).\n- He is the most cited author in three journals: IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics; IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine; and Artificial Life.\n- He has authored several notable publications, including \"Ant Colony Optimization\" with Thomas St\u00fctzle, \"Swarm Intelligence: From Natural to Artificial Systems\" with Eric Bonabeau and Guy Theraulaz, and \"Robot Shaping\" with Marco Colombetti.",
    "Marek Karpinski": "\n\n- Marek Karpinski is a computer scientist and mathematician.\n- He is known for his research in the theory of algorithms and their applications, combinatorial optimization, computational complexity, and mathematical foundations.\n- He has received several research prizes in these areas.\n- Karpinski is currently a Professor of Computer Science and Head of the Algorithms Group at the University of Bonn.\n- He is also a member of Bonn International Graduate School in Mathematics BIGS and the Hausdorff Center for Mathematics.\n- See also: List of computer scientists, List of mathematicians.\n- References are not provided in the summary.",
    "Margaret Burnett": "\n\n- Margaret M. Burnett is a computer scientist specializing in human computer interaction and software engineering.\n- She is known for her work in visual programming languages, end-user software engineering, and gender-inclusive software.\n- Burnett is a Distinguished Professor of Computer Science at Oregon State University and a member of the CHI Academy and a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery.\n- She studied at Miami University of Ohio and the University of Kansas where she earned a Ph.D.\n- Burnett founded the Lawrence Women's Network, a group for professional women of Lawrence, Kansas.\n- She has developed methods for software engineers to check the gender inclusivity of their software and given keynote addresses on the topic.\n- In 2016, Burnett became a Distinguished Professor at Oregon State University and was named to the CHI Academy.\n- She was elected as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 2017 for her contributions to end-user software engineering and gender-inclusivity.",
    "Margaret Hamilton (scientist)": "- Margaret Elaine Hamilton is an American computer scientist, systems engineer, and business owner\n- She was the director of the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which developed on-board flight software for NASA's Apollo program\n- Hamilton has published more than 130 papers, proceedings, and reports and is one of the people credited with coining the term \"software engineering\"\n- In 2016, she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama for her work leading to the development of on-board flight software for NASA's Apollo Moon missions\n- Hamilton founded two software companies: Higher Order Software in 1976 and Hamilton Technologies in 1986 in Cambridge, Massachusetts\n- She played a critical role in getting humans to the Moon by developing systems software and designing and testing all on-board in-flight software for the Apollo spacecraft's Command and Lunar Module\n- Hamilton's innovations go beyond the feats of getting humans to the Moon and include legitimizing software development as an engineering discipline\n- Hamilton has received numerous awards including the Augusta Ada Lovelace Award, the NASA Exceptional Space Act Award, the Outstanding Alumni Award by Earlham College, and The Washington Award\n- Hamilton was inducted into the National Aviation Hall of Fame in Dayton, Ohio in 2022.",
    "Mario Szegedy": "\n\n\u2022 Mario Szegedy is a Hungarian-American computer scientist and professor at Rutgers University.\n\u2022 He received his Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Chicago in 1989.\n\u2022 Szegedy's research areas include computational complexity theory and quantum computing.\n\u2022 He has held postdoctoral fellowships at the Hebrew University and University of Chicago, as well as at Bell Laboratories.\n\u2022 He won the G\u00f6del Prize in 2001 and 2005 for his work on probabilistically checkable proofs and frequency moments in streamed data.\n\u2022 His work on streaming was also recognized by the 2019 Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award.\n\u2022 Szegedy is married and has two daughters.\n\u2022 His home page is available as an external link.",
    "Mario Tchou": "\n\n- Mario Tchou was an Italian engineer of Chinese descent who was a pioneer of computer science in Italy.\n- He led a group of scientists from the University of Pisa to invent the Olivetti Elea, the world's most powerful computer in 1959.\n- Tchou was also a professor at Columbia University and had a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Catholic University of America and graduated from New York University Polytechnic School of Engineering.\n- He married artist Elisa Montessori in 1955, and they had two daughters.\n- Tchou died at the age of 37 in a car accident between Turin and Milan.\n- His wife and colleagues believed his death was part of a wider plan to eliminate Olivetti from the international computer scene.\n- After Tchou's death, Olivetti sold its computer division to General Electric.",
    "Mark Overmars": "\n\n- Markus Hendrik Overmars is a Dutch computer scientist.\n- He is known for his game development application, GameMaker, which allows people to create computer games using a drag-and-drop interface.\n- He was the former head of the Center for Geometry, Imaging, and Virtual Environments at Utrecht University, which focuses on computational geometry and its application in various fields, including games.\n- Overmars has published over 100 journal papers, largely on computational geometry, and is the co-author of several books.\n- He worked in robotics and developed the probabilistic roadmap method in 1992, which is considered one of the most influential studies in motion planning.\n- Overmars also co-developed the snake video game, Super Snake HD, as a mobile app.\n- He founded and was CTO of Tingly Games, which focused on HTML5 games and \"greeting games\".\n- Overmars founded Quarterfall in 2020, a teaching product that helps teachers use formative assessment to improve student learning.\n- He is also the original author of the XForms toolkit.",
    "Mark Weiser": "\n\n- Mark D. Weiser was a computer scientist and CTO at Xerox PARC, known as the father of ubiquitous computing\n- He coined the term \"ubiquitous computing\" in 1988\n- Weiser taught computer science at the University of Maryland and joined PARC in 1987, becoming its CTO in 1996\n- He received posthumous honors such as the Mark Weiser Award and the Mark D. Weiser Excellence in Computing Scholarship Fund\n- Weiser was also a drummer for an avant-garde/experimental rock band, Severe Tire Damage\n- He advocated for low-powered portable computing and \"calm technology\"\n- Weiser's work includes \"The Computer for the 21st Century\" published in Scientific American Special Issue on Communications, Computers, and Networks, September 1991.",
    "Marshall Kirk McKusick": "\n\n- Marshall Kirk McKusick is a computer scientist known for his work on BSD UNIX.\n- He was the president of the USENIX Association and serves on the board.\n- He received his B.S. from Cornell University and his Ph.D. in computer science from the University of California, Berkeley.\n- McKusick is openly gay and married Eric Allman in 2013.\n- He contributed to the design of the Fast File System and implemented soft updates in FFS and UFS2.\n- He also created filesystem snapshots and background fsck.\n- The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating System and The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System are regarded as high-quality works.\n- The BSD Daemon is copyrighted by McKusick.\n- His home page is available online.",
    "Martin Campbell-Kelly": "\n\n- Martin Campbell-Kelly is an Emeritus Professor at the University of Warwick\n- He has specialized in the history of computing\n- Campbell-Kelly served on the editorial board of the IEEE Annals of the History of Computing journal\n- He is a committee member of the Computer Conservation Society and a Gresham College lecturer\n- Campbell-Kelly was awarded a PhD in 1980 from Sunderland Polytechnic\n- His PhD focused on the Foundations of computer programming in Britain 1945\u20131955\n- He has authored and edited numerous books and journal articles in the history of computing\n- Martin Campbell-Kelly can be found on ResearchGate",
    "Martin Charles Golumbic": "\n\n- Martin Charles Golumbic is a mathematician and computer scientist\n- Known for research on perfect graphs, graph sandwich problems, compiler optimization, and spatial-temporal reasoning\n- Professor emeritus of computer science at the University of Haifa\n- Founder of the journal Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence\n- Educated at Pennsylvania State University and Columbia University\n- Worked for New York University, Bell Laboratories, IBM, Bar-Ilan University, and the University of Haifa\n- Fellow of the European Association for Artificial Intelligence and elected to the Academia Europaea\n- Awarded the Lifetime Achievement and Service Award of the Israeli Association for Artificial Intelligence in 2019\n- Author of Algorithmic Graph Theory and Perfect Graphs, Tolerance Graphs, and Fighting Terror Online: The Convergence of Security, Technology, and the Law\n- Highly-cited publications on spill code minimization, reasoning about time, physical mapping of DNA, and graph sandwich problems.",
    "Martin Fowler (software engineer)": "- Martin Fowler is a British software developer, author, and international public speaker.\n- He specializes in object-oriented analysis and design, UML, patterns, and agile software development methodologies, including extreme programming.\n- Fowler's 1999 book Refactoring popularized the practice of code refactoring, and in 2004 he introduced a new architectural pattern called Presentation Model (PM).\n- Fowler has written nine books on software development and is a member of the Agile Alliance.\n- He helped create the Manifesto for Agile Software Development in 2001.\n- Fowler popularized the term Dependency Injection as a form of Inversion of Control. \n- In his book, Domain-specific languages, Fowler discusses the benefits and costs of DSLs, including examples of internal and external DSLs and how to implement them.",
    "Martin Hellman": "\n\n- Martin Edward Hellman is an American cryptologist and mathematician.\n- He is best known for his involvement with public key cryptography with Whitfield Diffie and Ralph Merkle.\n- Hellman has contributed to the computer privacy debate and has applied risk analysis to a potential failure of nuclear deterrence.\n- He was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2002.\n- In 2016, he wrote a book with his wife, Dorothie Hellman, on creating love at home to bring peace to the planet.\n- Hellman received multiple awards, including the Marconi Fellowship, The Franklin Institute's Louis E. Levy Medal, and the Turing Award in 2015 with Whitfield Diffie.\n- He has been active in researching international security since 1985, including involvement in the Beyond War movement and a current project on defusing the nuclear threat.\n- Hellman's website NuclearRisk.org has been endorsed by a number of prominent individuals.",
    "Martin Richards (computer scientist)": "\n\n\u2022 Martin Richards is a British computer scientist known for his development of the BCPL programming language. \n\u2022 BCPL was part of early research into portable software and is the ancestor of the B programming language invented by Ken Thompson in early versions of Unix. \n\u2022 Dennis Ritchie used BCPL as the basis of his widely used C programming language. \n\u2022 Richards studied mathematics and earned a PhD in programming language design and implementation from the University of Cambridge. \n\u2022 He was a senior lecturer at the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory until his retirement in 2007. \n\u2022 Richards also developed the TRIPOS portable operating system. \n\u2022 He was awarded the IEEE Computer Society's Computer Pioneer Award in 2003. \n\u2022 Richards is a fellow of St John's College at the University of Cambridge.",
    "Marvin Minsky": "- Marvin Lee Minsky was an American cognitive and computer scientist, co-founder of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's AI laboratory, and author of several texts concerning AI and philosophy.\n- Minsky received many accolades and honors, including the 1969 Turing Award, Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement, Japan Prize, IJCAI Award, Benjamin Franklin Medal, and Dan David Prize for \"Artificial Intelligence, the Digital Mind\".\n- Minsky's contributions to computer science include inventions such as the first head-mounted graphical display and the confocal microscope, the first Logo \"turtle\", the first randomly wired neural network learning machine, and several AI models.\n- His book Perceptrons attacked the work of Frank Rosenblatt and became the center of a controversy in the history of AI, as some claim it discouraged research into neural networks in the 1970s.\n- Minsky also developed the Society of Mind theory, which attempts to explain how intelligence could be a product of the interaction of non-intelligent parts.\n- Minsky was an adviser on Stanley Kubrick's movie 2001: A Space Odyssey and is mentioned in Arthur C. Clarke's derivative novel of the same name.\n- Minsky married pediatrician Gloria Rudischin in 1952, and together they had three children. He was an atheist and a signatory to the Scientists' Open Letter on Cryonics.\n- Minsky received a $100,000 research grant from Jeffrey Epstein in 2002, and organized two academic symposia on Epstein's private island Little Saint James. Minsky's widow denies allegations of any inappropriate behavior.\n- Minsky died of a cerebral hemorrhage in January 2016, and may or may not have been cryonically preserved by the Alcor Life Extension Foundation.\n- Minsky was affiliated with several organizations, including the United States National Academy of Engineering, National Academy of Sciences, and Alcor Life Extension Foundation's Scientific Advisory Board.",
    "Mary Allen Wilkes": "- Mary Allen Wilkes is a lawyer, former computer programmer and logic designer.\n- She is known for her work with the LINC computer, now recognized as the world's first \"personal computer.\"\n- Wilkes graduated from Wellesley College in 1959 where she majored in philosophy and theology.\n- She worked on the Speech Recognition Project at MIT's Lincoln Laboratory in Lexington, Massachusetts from 1959 to 1960.\n- Wilkes joined the Digital Computer Group, also at Lincoln Laboratory, just as work was beginning on the LINC design under Wesley A. Clark in June 1961.\n- Wilkes left the computer field in 1972 to attend the Harvard Law School and practiced as a trial lawyer for many years.\n- Her work has been recognized in Great Britain's National Museum of Computing's 2013 exhibition \"Heroines of Computing\" at Bletchley Park, and by the Heinz Nixdorf Museums Forum in Paderborn, Germany, in its 2015-16 exhibition, Am Anfang war Ada: Frauen in der Computergeschichte (In the beginning was Ada: Women in Computer History).\n- Some of her famous quotes include \"I'll bet you don't have a computer in your living room.\" and \"We had the quaint notion at the time that software should be completely, absolutely free of bugs. Unfortunately, it's a notion that never really quite caught on.\"",
    "Mary Jane Irwin": "\n\n- Mary Jane Irwin is an Emerita Evan Pugh Professor at Pennsylvania State University.\n- She is an expert in computer architecture, embedded and mobile computing systems design, power and reliability aware design, and emerging technologies in computing systems.\n- Irwin received her B.S. in Mathematics from Memphis State University and her M.S. and Ph.D. in Computer Science from the University of Illinois.\n- She joined Penn State as an assistant professor in 1977 and retired in 2017.\n- Irwin has worked on application-specific architectures and resource constrained systems design.\n- She has received numerous awards and honors for her contributions to the field, including being elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2003.\n- She has also served on multiple boards and committees within the computer science research community.\n- Irwin received the 2019 Phil Kaufman Award, the EDA Industry's highest honor, and is the first woman to receive the award.\n- She is married with one son who is also a computer scientist and two grandchildren.",
    "Mathai Joseph": "\n\n- Mathai Joseph is an Indian computer scientist and author.\n\n- He studied physics and electronics before obtaining a PhD in computing from Churchill College, Cambridge.\n\n- Joseph worked for the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research and the University of Warwick, where he was a professor of computer science.\n\n- He has also been a visiting professor at Carnegie-Mellon University, Eindhoven University of Technology, and the University of York.\n\n- Joseph's research interests include formal methods related to computer systems, including real-time systems.\n\n- His most cited paper, \"Finding Response Times in a Real-Time System\", won a Test-of-Time Award in 2020.\n\n- Joseph's joint work with Zhiming Liu on fault tolerance proposes a design process for fault-tolerant systems.\n\n- He is the author of several books, including Digital Republic: India's rise to IT power.\n\n- Joseph is interested in improving science in India.",
    "Matthew Dillon (computer scientist)": "\n\n- Matthew Dillon is a software engineer known for his work on Amiga software, contributions to FreeBSD, and for starting and leading the DragonFly BSD project since 2003.\n- He studied electronic engineering and computer science at the University of California, Berkeley in 1985.\n- He founded and worked at Best Internet from 1994 until 1997, contributing to FreeBSD in that time.\n- Dillon started the DragonFly BSD project in 2003, implementing the SMP model using light-weight kernel threads.\n- The DragonFly project also led to the development of Virtual Kernel and HAMMER file system.\n- Dillon has done extensive research on CPU errata, including evaluating Intel Core errata, discovering a deficiency in some AMD processors in 2012, and presenting solutions to tackle security vulnerabilities like Meltdown in 2018.\n- He has been a frequent guest on bsdtalk and interviewed several times for KernelTrap.\n- External links include his personal website and interviews on IRC and OSNews.",
    "Maurice Nivat": "\n\n- Maurice Paul Nivat was a French computer scientist.\n- His research focused on formal languages, programming language semantics, and discrete geometry.\n- In 2006, he was called one of the fathers of theoretical computer science.\n- He was a professor at the University Paris Diderot until 2001 and remained professor emeritus until his death in 2017.\n- Nivat was involved in many endeavours in theoretical computer science in Europe, including founding the European Association for Theoretical Computer Science (EATCS) in 1972 and organizing the first International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming (ICALP) conference in the same year.\n- He was also a member of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) IFIP Working Group 2.1 on Algorithmic Languages and Calculi.\n- Nivat received numerous awards and honors, including being a corresponding member of the French Academy of Sciences, an officer of both the Legion d'honneur and the Ordre national du M\u00e9rite, and a commander of the Ordre des Palmes Acad\u00e9miques in France.\n- He won the EATCS award in 2002 and received honorary doctorates from the University of Bologna in 1997 and the University of Quebec at Montreal in 2006.\n- Nivat completed his 1967 thesis on \"Transductions of Chomsky Languages\" after studying mathematics at the \u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure in Paris under the supervision of Marcel-Paul Sch\u00fctzenberger.",
    "Maurice Vincent Wilkes": "- Sir Maurice Wilkes was a British computer scientist who designed and built the Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator (EDSAC), one of the earliest stored program computers\n- He also invented microprogramming, a method for using stored-program logic to operate the control unit of a central processing unit's circuits\n- He was born in Dudley, Worcestershire in 1913 and educated at King Edward VI College, Stourbridge\n- He studied the Mathematical Tripos at St John's College, Cambridge from 1931 to 1934 and completed his PhD in physics in 1936\n- In 1945, Wilkes was appointed as the second director of the University of Cambridge Mathematical Laboratory (later known as the Computer Laboratory)\n- Wilkes received several honours and awards, including becoming a Knight Bachelor, receiving the Turing Award in 1967, and being awarded the Faraday Medal by the Institution of Electrical Engineers in 1981\n- He died in 2010, leaving behind his wife, one son, and two daughters",
    "Michael Dertouzos": "\n\n- Michael Leonidas Dertouzos was a Greek professor in the department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).\n- He was also the Director of the MIT Laboratory for Computer Science from 1974 to 2001.\n- Dertouzos was a pioneer in many areas of technology and predicted the expansion of computer use very early.\n- He made significant contributions to the Web, particularly through his visionary approach to ubiquitous computing.\n- His interest in technology was cultivated at an early age when he accompanied his father, an admiral in the Greek navy, aboard destroyers and submarines.\n- Dertouzos earned his Ph.D. in electrical engineering from MIT in 1964, and immediately joined the faculty of MIT where he stayed until the end of his career.\n- He co-founded Computek, Inc., a manufacturer of graphics and intelligent terminals, with Marvin C. Lewis and Dr. Huber Graham in 1968.\n- Dertouzos was instrumental in creating the World Wide Web Consortium and bringing it to MIT.\n- He died in 2001 at the age of 64 and is buried at the First Cemetery of Athens.\n- On November 5, 2018, Google recognized him with a doodle.\n- Dertouzos authored books like \"What Will Be: How the New World of Information Will Change Our Lives\", \"The Unfinished Revolution: Human-Centered Computers and What They Can Do For Us\", and \"Made in America: Regaining the Productive Edge.\"",
    "Michael Guy": "\n\n- Michael J. T. Guy is a British computer scientist and mathematician.\n- He is known for his work on computer systems and his contributions to number theory, computer algebra, and the theory of polyhedra in higher dimensions.\n- He worked with John Horton Conway and is the son of Conway's collaborator Richard K. Guy.\n- With Conway, he found the complete solution to the Soma cube of Piet Hein and discovered the grand antiprism, an unusual uniform polychoron in four dimensions.\n- Guy's work includes contributions to geometry, number and game theory, and discrete mathematics.\n- He also worked on the sporadic groups.\n- Guy began work as a research student at the University of Cambridge, but did not complete a Ph.D.\n- He subsequently went into computer science and worked on the filing system for Titan, Cambridge's Atlas 2, and was co-author of ALGOL 68C.\n- Some of Guy's bibliography includes \"Four-Dimensional Archimedean Polytopes\" (1965), \"On the Distribution of Values of Angles Determined by Coplanar Points\" (1979), and \"On rational Morley triangles\" (2000).\n- A book called \"The Symmetries of Things\" mentions Guy's work on the grand antiprism.",
    "Michael K\u00f6lling": "\n\n- Michael K\u00f6lling is a German computer scientist.\n- He is known for developing BlueJ and Greenfoot, educational development environments, and authoring introductory programming textbooks.\n- He earned a degree in informatics from the University of Bremen and a Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Sydney.\n- He has held positions at various universities, including the University of Kent, UK, and is currently a professor at King's College London.\n- He co-wrote Objects First with Java with David J. Barnes and wrote Introduction to Programming with Greenfoot.\n- In 2013, he received the SIGCSE Award for Outstanding Contribution to Computer Science Education.\n- He was involved in a patent issue with Microsoft over similarities between the object test bench in BlueJ and a feature in Visual Studio 2005.\n- He has received several awards and honors, including the SIGCSE Test of Time Award in 2020 and the Victorian Pearcey Award in 1999.",
    "Michael L. Scott": "\n\n- Michael Lee Scott is a professor of computer science at the University of Rochester in New York.\n- He received his PhD from the University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison.\n- He served as chair of the computer science department at Rochester from 1996 to 1999 and again from 2007 to 2017.\n- In 2001, he received the Robert and Pamela Goergen Award for Distinguished Achievement and Artistry in Undergraduate Teaching.\n- Scott has published four editions of his text Programming Language Pragmatics, with translations to Greek and simplified Chinese.\n- He won the Edsger W. Dijkstra Prize in Distributed Computing in 2006 for a paper he co-wrote in 1991.\n- He was also inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 2006.\n- Scott is a Unitarian Universalist and served as secretary and president of the New York State Convention of Universalists.\n- His work on lock-free concurrent exchanges and synchronous queues is included in the Java 6 concurrency library.",
    "Michael O. Rabin": "\n\n- Michael Oser Rabin is an Israeli mathematician and computer scientist\n- He was born in 1931 in Breslau, Germany and emigrated to Mandate Palestine in 1935\n- He was interested in mathematics from a young age and studied under mathematician Elisha Netanyahu\n- He received an M.Sc. from Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1953 and a Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1956\n- Rabin became a professor at various universities including UC Berkeley, MIT, and Harvard University\n- He and Dana Scott wrote the paper \"Finite Automata and Their Decision Problems\" which introduced the idea of nondeterministic machines\n- Rabin invented the Miller\u2013Rabin primality test and the Rabin cryptosystem\n- He was awarded the Turing Award in 1976 for his work on nondeterministic machines\n- Rabin is a member of various prestigious academic societies and has been honored with numerous awards and prizes, including the Israel Prize and the Dan David Prize\n- He is currently the Thomas J. Watson Sr. Professor of Computer Science at Harvard University and Professor of Computer Science at Hebrew University\n- Rabin has a daughter, computer scientist Tal Rabin.",
    "Michael Stonebraker": "-Michael Ralph Stonebraker is a computer scientist specializing in database systems. \n-Founder of several database companies including Ingres Corporation, Illustra, and StreamBase Systems. \n-Received the 2014 Turing Award for his contributions to database research. \n-Stonebraker's career can be divided into two phases: his time at UC Berkeley when he focused on relational DBMS and at MIT where he developed more novel data management techniques. \n-Notable projects include Ingres, Postgres, Cohera, Aurora, C-Store, Morpheus, H-Store, SciDB, and VoltDB. \n-Stonebraker has been a mentor to over 30 students including founders and CEOs of notable companies in the database industry. \n-Co-founder of Goby, a search engine for free time activities.",
    "Mihai Nadin": "- Mihai Nadin is a scholar and researcher in various fields, including electrical engineering, computer science, aesthetics, semiotics, human-computer interaction, computational design, post-industrial society, and anticipatory systems.\n- He has published over 200 works and has lectured worldwide.\n- He is currently a professor at the University of Texas at Dallas and is the director of the Institute for Research in Anticipatory Systems.\n- Nadin's work in human-computer interaction is grounded in semiotics, with the computer being seen as the \"semiotic machine par excellence.\"\n- He founded the world's first program in Computational Design in 1994 at the University of Wuppertal, with the goal of developing a theory of computational design and designing products and processes through digital means.\n- The program's long-term goal is the integration of digital technology into all products and processes, leading to a world of ubiquitous computing.",
    "Mihalis Yannakakis": "- Mihalis Yannakakis is a Greek professor of computer science at Columbia University.\n- He has made significant contributions to computational complexity, databases, computer-aided verification and testing, and algorithmic graph theory.\n- Yannakakis obtained his PhD in Computer Science from Princeton University in 1979.\n- He has served on the editorial board of various journals and chaired conferences, such as the ACM Symposium on Principles of Database Systems and the IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science.\n- Yannakakis has made notable contributions in complexity theory, including work on the complexity classes Max-NP and Max-SNP and the hardness of approximations.\n- He has also contributed to the study of acyclic databases and non-two-phase locking in database theory.\n- Yannakakis has made contributions to computer-aided verification and testing, including the designing of memory-efficient algorithms for the verification of temporal properties of finite-state programs.\n- He has won numerous awards, including the Donald E. Knuth Prize in 2005, Bell Labs Distinguished Member of Technical Staff Award, and the Bell Labs President's Gold Award.\n- Yannakakis is a fellow of the ACM, Bell Laboratories, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.\n- As of June 2020, his publications have been cited close to 35,000 times, and he has an h-index of 93.",
    "Mike Woodger": "\n\n- Michael Woodger is a pioneering English computer scientist.\n- He worked with Alan Turing on the Pilot ACE computer at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) in London.\n- Woodger was instrumental in the design and documentation of programming languages such as ALGOL 60 and Ada.\n- He graduated from University College London in 1943 and worked at the Ministry of Supply during World War II.\n- Woodger spent most of his career at NPL. \n- His father was Joseph Henry Woodger, a professor of biology at the University of London.",
    "Monica S. Lam": "\n\n- Monica Sin-Ling Lam is a computer scientist and professor at Stanford University.\n- She received a B.Sc. from the University of British Columbia in 1980 and a Ph.D. in Computer Science from Carnegie Mellon University in 1987.\n- Her research interests include compilers, program analysis, operating systems, security, computer architecture, high-performance computing, natural language processing, and virtual assistants with an emphasis on privacy protection.\n- She is the faculty director of the Open Virtual Assistant Lab at Stanford University, which developed the open-source Almond voice assistant, sponsored by the National Science Foundation.\n- Lam led the SUIF (Stanford University Intermediate Format) Compiler project, which produced a widely used compiler infrastructure known for its locality optimizations and interprocedural parallelization.\n- Her program analysis group developed tools for improving software security and reliability, including the BDDBDDB tool that allows programmers to express context-sensitive analyses simply by writing Datalog queries.\n- Lam is also the co-founder of Omlet, an open, decentralized social networking tool based on an extensible chat platform.\n- She has received numerous awards and honors, including the National Academy of Engineering member, ACM Fellow, and NSF Young Investigator award.\n- Lam has published multiple papers and books, including \"Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools\" (the \"Dragon Book\") and \"A Systolic Array Optimizing Compiler\".\n- She has also chaired several conferences and served on editorial boards and program committees for various conferences.",
    "Murray Turoff": "\n\n- Murray Turoff was a Distinguished Professor at New Jersey Institute of Technology and a founding father of computer-mediated communication.\n- He received his B.A. in Mathematics and Physics and his PhD in Physics.\n- Turoff was the co-founder of the Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM) community.\n- He designed the Emergency Management Information System And Reference Index (EMISARI) and the Electronic Information Exchange System (EIES).\n- Turoff authored or co-authored 8 books, including The Network Nation.\n- He was awarded the EFF Pioneer Award in 1994 and inducted into the International Academy for Systems and Cybernetic Sciences in 2018.",
    "Nadia Magnenat Thalmann": "\n\n- Nadia Magnenat Thalmann is a computer graphics scientist and robotician.\n- She founded and currently heads the MIRALab at the University of Geneva.\n- Thalmann has authored and co-authored more than 600 papers in the field of virtual humans, social robots, VR, and 3D simulation of human articulations.\n- She has participated in more than 45 European research projects and created the Computer Animation and Social Agents (CASA) in Geneva.\n- Thalmann made numerous research contributions in the area of computer graphics and is known for her work on simulating realistic virtual humans.\n- She has worked on the social autonomous robot Nadine, modeled in her image, that can speak, recognize people and gestures, express mood and emotions, and remember actions.\n- Thalmann has received several honorary degrees and awards including the Humboldt Research Award, Doctor Honoris Causa in Natural sciences, and the Career Achievement Award by the Canadian Human Computer Communications Society.\n- Her film \"High Fashion in Equations\" won the CGI 2007 Best International Scientific Video award and was shown at the SIGGRAPH Electronic Theatre.\n- Thalmann co-created the first simulation of a 3D version of Marilyn Monroe in the film Rendez-vous in Montreal (1987).",
    "Nancy Lynch": "\n\n- Nancy Ann Lynch is a mathematician and a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).\n- She was born in Brooklyn and received her Ph.D. from MIT in 1972.\n- Prior to joining the MIT faculty in 1982, she served on the faculty at several other universities.\n- Her research focuses on applying mathematics to the understanding and construction of complex distributed systems.\n- In 1985, she worked with Michael J. Fischer and Mike Paterson on consensus problems, which received the PODC Influential-Paper Award in 2001.\n- Lynch has authored numerous research articles and a graduate textbook on distributed algorithms.\n- She is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and an ACM Fellow.\n- Lynch has received several awards and recognition, including the Van Wijngaarden Award, Knuth Prize, and the IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award.\n- Lynch's bibliography includes books on atomic transactions, distributed algorithms, and the theory of timed I/O automata.",
    "Neeraj Kayal": "\n\n- Neeraj Kayal is an Indian computer scientist and mathematician.\n- He is noted for developing the AKS primality test with Manindra Agrawal and Nitin Saxena.\n- Kayal was born and raised in Guwahati, India.\n- He graduated with a B.Tech from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur in 2002.\n- Kayal received his PhD from the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur.\n- He has worked at the Microsoft Research Lab India since 2008.\n- Kayal has received several awards, including the Distinguished Alumnus Award from the IITK and the G\u00f6del prize and Fulkerson Prize for his work in computational complexity theory.\n- He won the Young Scientist Award from the Indian National Science Academy in 2012.\n- In 2021, Kayal received the Infosys Prize in Mathematical Sciences.",
    "Neil Daswani": "\n\n- Neil Daswani is a co-director of the Stanford Advanced Security Certification Program and an expert in web application security.\n- He is the lead author of the book \"Foundations of Security: What Every Programmer Needs To Know.\"\n- In 2008, he co-founded Dasient, a web security company.\n- Before working at Google and Stanford, he served in research, development, teaching, and managerial roles at Yodlee, Lucent, and Bellcore.\n- He has expertise in wireless data technology and peer-to-peer systems, and has published extensively in these areas.\n- At Google, he led the authoring of \"The Anatomy of Clickbot.A\", a detailed analysis of a 100,000 machine botnet constructed to conduct click fraud.\n- While at Stanford, he co-founded the Stanford Center for Professional Development (SCPD) Security Certification Program.\n- Daswani holds a Ph.D. in computer science from Stanford University, an M.S. in computer science from Stanford University, and a B.S. in computer science with honors with distinction from Columbia University.",
    "Neil J. Gunther": "- Neil Gunther is a computer information systems researcher known for developing the open-source performance modeling software and the Guerrilla approach to computer capacity planning and performance analysis.\n- He has made contributions to the field of large transients in computer systems and packet networks, and his universal law of computational scalability.\n- Gunther is a Senior Member of various computing organizations, including ACM, IEEE, AMS, APS, and CMG.\n- He was born in Melbourne in 1950 and has a background in physics and quantum mechanics.\n- Gunther has worked for companies such as Xerox PARC and Pyramid Technology, where he developed performance analysis software and attained high TPC benchmarks on Unix multiprocessors.\n- He founded Performance Dynamics Company in 1994 to provide consulting and educational services for high-performance computer systems and developed his own open-source performance modeling software called \"PDQ.\"\n- Gunther is currently focused on developing quantum information system technologies and has developed a theory of photon bifurcation.\n- He has also worked on performance visualization tools and has co-founded the PerfViz google group.\n- Gunther has written several books on performance analysis and has received various awards and recognitions for his work.",
    "Nello Cristianini": "\n\n- Nello Cristianini is a Professor of Artificial Intelligence at the University of Bath.\n- He has a degree in physics from the University of Trieste, a Master in computational intelligence from the University of London, and a PhD from the University of Bristol.\n- Cristianini's research focuses on machine learning, artificial intelligence, and bioinformatics.\n- He is the co-author of two widely known books in machine learning and one in bioinformatics.\n- Cristianini frequently gives public talks about the need for a deeper ethical understanding of the effects of modern data-science on society.\n- He has received the Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award and a European Research Council Advanced Grant.\n- Cristianini has been listed among the \"most influential scientists of the decade\" and the Top100 most influential researchers in Machine Learning.\n- He was the keynote speaker at the Annual STOA Lecture at the European Parliament in 2017 and a member of the International Advisory Board of STOA from 2020 to 2024.\n- Cristianini has published four books and has several online resources available.\n- External links include his personal webpage and news articles about his recognition as a top scientist in his field.",
    "Nico Habermann": "\n\n- Arie Nicolaas Habermann was a Dutch computer scientist.\n- He received his B.S. and M.S. from the Free University of Amsterdam and his Ph.D. from the Eindhoven University of Technology.\n- Habermann joined the department of computer science at Carnegie Mellon University in 1968 and served as associate professor, full professor, acting department head, department head, and Dean of the School of Computer Science.\n- He co-founded Carnegie Mellon's Software Engineering Institute (SEI) in 1985.\n- Habermann's research covered programming languages, operating systems, and software systems development.\n- He made contributions to the development of operating systems such as THE multiprogramming system, FAMOS, DAS, and Unix.\n- Habermann was known for his work on inter-process communication, process synchronization and deadlock avoidance, and software verification.\n- He served as a visiting professor at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, the Technical University of Berlin, and as an adjunct professor at Shanghai Jiao Tong University.\n- The Computing Research Association began giving the A. Nico Habermann Award to people for work that increases the involvement of underrepresented communities in computer research.",
    "Nigel Shadbolt": "- Sir Nigel Richard Shadbolt is currently the Principal of Jesus College, Oxford and a Professorial Research Fellow in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Oxford.\n- He co-founded the Open Data Institute with Tim Berners-Lee and serves as its Chairman.\n- Shadbolt is an interdisciplinary researcher and commentator, with a focus on understanding intelligent behavior in humans, machines, and on the web. His research covers areas such as psychology, cognitive science, computational neuroscience, artificial intelligence, computer science, and web science.\n- He obtained his undergraduate degree in philosophy and psychology at Newcastle University and his PhD from the Department of Artificial Intelligence at the University of Edinburgh.\n- Shadbolt has held academic positions at the University of Nottingham and the University of Southampton, where he was Professor of Artificial Intelligence from 2000 to 2015.\n- He was elected Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in 2006 and Fellow of the British Computer Society in 2007. He was also President of the British Computer Society in its 50th jubilee year.\n- Shadbolt co-founded the Web Science Research Initiative with Tim Berners-Lee, Wendy Hall, and Daniel Weitzner in 2006 to promote the discipline of web science and foster collaboration between the University of Southampton and Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\n- He played a leading role in developing data.gov.uk, a single point of access for UK non-personal governmental public data, and was appointed by the UK Coalition Government to the Public Sector Transparency Board responsible for setting open data standards across the public sector and developing the legal Right to Data.\n- Shadbolt and Tim Berners-Lee formally launched the Open Data Institute in December 2012, which focuses on incubating and nurturing new businesses wanting to harness open data, training, and promoting standards.\n- He is the author of numerous articles and co-authored the book \"The Spy in the Coffee Machine\" with Kieron O'Hara.\n- Shadbolt is married and has two children.",
    "Niklaus Wirth": "\n\n- Niklaus Emil Wirth is a Swiss computer scientist\n- He has designed several programming languages, including Pascal and Oberon\n- In 1984, he won the Turing Award for developing innovative computer languages\n- He was a member of the IFIP Working Group 2.1 on Algorithmic Languages and Calculi\n- He was involved in developing international standards in programming and informatics\n- Wirth was the chief designer of Euler, PL360, ALGOL W, Pascal, Modula, Modula-2, Oberon, Oberon-2, and Oberon-07 programming languages\n- He wrote several books, including The Pascal User Manual and Report, Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs, and Systematic Programming: An Introduction\n- He popularized Wirth's law, which states that software is getting slower more rapidly than hardware becomes faster\n- He retired in 1999 and was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum in 2004\n- He has an asteroid named after him, 21655 Niklauswirth",
    "Nils John Nilsson": "\n\n- Nils John Nilsson was an American computer scientist and one of the founding researchers in the discipline of artificial intelligence.\n- He was the first Kumagai Professor of Engineering in computer science at Stanford University from 1991 until his retirement.\n- Nilsson's contributions include search, planning, knowledge representation, and robotics.\n- He co-led a research team in the construction of Shakey, a robot that constructed a model of its environment from sensor data and reasoned about that environment to arrive at a plan of action.\n- Nilsson was the fourth President of the AAAI and a Founding Fellow of that organization.\n- He authored several books on AI, including Principles of Artificial Intelligence and Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence.\n- In 2011, he was inducted into IEEE Intelligent Systems' AI's Hall of Fame.\n- Nilsson died on April 23, 2019, at the age of 86.",
    "Nobuo Yoneda": "\n\n- Nobuo Yoneda was a Japanese mathematician and computer scientist.\n- He graduated from the University of Tokyo in 1952 and became an Assistant Professor in the Department of Mathematics at the same university.\n- He obtained his Doctor of Science degree from the University of Tokyo in 1961 and was appointed Associate Professor at Gakushuin University in 1962.\n- Yoneda became a professor of Theoretical Foundation of Information Science in 1972 and retired from the University of Tokyo in 1990.\n- He is known for his work on dialects of the programming language ALGOL and for his involvement in developing international standards in programming and informatics.\n- The Yoneda lemma in category theory and the Yoneda product in homological algebra are named after him.\n- Yoneda was a member of the International Federation for Information Processing and the IFIP Working Group 2.1 on Algorithmic Languages and Calculi. \n- More information about Yoneda can be found at the Mathematics Genealogy Project.",
    "Oded Goldreich": "\n\n- Oded Goldreich is a professor of Computer Science at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel.\n- His research interests include randomness and computation, cryptography, and computational complexity theory.\n- He has contributed to the development of pseudorandomness, zero knowledge proofs, secure function evaluation, and property testing, among other areas.\n- Goldreich has authored several books including Foundations of Cryptography and Modern Cryptography, Probabilistic Proofs and Pseudorandomness.\n- He won the Knuth Prize in 2017 for his contributions to theoretical computer science.\n- In 2021, he was selected to receive the Israel Prize in mathematics but was vetoed by Education Minister Yoav Galant due to alleged support for the boycott, divestment and sanctions movement against Israel.\n- Goldreich maintains that he did not support BDS, but instead signed a petition calling for a halt to EU funding for Israeli Ariel University on the occupied West Bank.\n- The Israel Prize committee petitioned the Supreme Court of Israel to ensure Goldreich's award, but the Court ruled in favor of Galant's petition.\n- Former prize-winner David Harel shared his award with Goldreich in protest of the decision.\n- In November 2021, Education Minister Yifat Shasha-Biton announced that she would block Goldreich from receiving the prize, but Attorney General Mandelblit later recommended that he be awarded the prize.\n- In March 2022, the High Court of Israel ruled that the 2021 prize must be awarded to Goldreich.\n- Goldreich is married to Dana Ron, also a computer scientist, and has collaborated with her on approximation algorithms.",
    "Olaf Storaasli (computing)": "\n\n- Olaf O. Storaasli is a researcher and VP at Synective Labs.\n- He was previously a researcher at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and USEC, and also had a career at NASA.\n- He led the development of one of NASA's first parallel computers, the Finite element machine, and developed rapid matrix equation algorithms for high-performance computers.\n- He has mentored 25 NHGS students, and is recognized by American Men and Women of Science, Marquis Who's Who, and NASA, Cray, Intel and Concordia College awards.\n- Storaasli has a B.A. in Physics, Mathematics & French, an M.A. in Mathematics, and a Ph.D. in Engineering Mechanics.\n- His research involves developing parallel analysis software for matrix equation solutions to simulate physical and biological behavior on advanced-computer architectures.\n- Storaasli has published various books and papers on large-scale analysis, design, and parallel computational methods.\n- References to his work can be found in the Mathematics Genealogy Project, Intel Supercomputing Pioneers, and NASA Lessons Learned.",
    "Ole-Johan Dahl": "- Ole-Johan Dahl was a Norwegian computer scientist and professor at the University of Oslo\n- He is considered one of the fathers of Simula and object-oriented programming, alongside Kristen Nygaard\n- Dahl and Nygaard developed the concepts of class, subclass, inheritance, and dynamic object creation, which are important aspects of object-oriented programming\n- Dahl's expertise ranged from practical application to formal mathematical underpinning of programming approaches\n- He received the Turing Award in 2001 and the IEEE John von Neumann Medal in 2002, both with Nygaard\n- Dahl was named Commander of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav in 2000\n- The Dahl-Nygaard Prize was named after him and Nygaard by the Association Internationale pour les Technologies Objets\n- Dahl wrote several papers on simulation programming languages and discrete event simulation\n- He was born in Mandal, Norway in 1931 and fled to Sweden with his family during World War II \n- Dahl studied numerical mathematics at the University of Oslo after the war ended.",
    "Oleg A. Mukhanov": "\n\n- Oleg A. Mukhanov is a Russian-American electrical engineer focusing on superconductivity.\n- He earned a bachelor's degree from the National Research Nuclear University/Moscow Engineering Physics Institute and a Ph.D. in physics from Moscow State University.\n- Mukhanov is the co-inventor of SFQ digital technology and has authored and co-authored over 200 scientific papers and holds 24 patents.\n- He was the president of the US Committee on Superconducting Electronics and is an editor of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.\n- Mukhanov worked at HYPRES as Chief Technical Officer from 1991 to 2013 and co-invented a digital RF architecture and developed the world's first commercial use of superconducting computing.\n- He worked as CTO and Senior Executive Vice-President of HyPR from 2013 to 2019 and is currently the Chief Technical Officer, co-CEO, and co-founder of SeeQC since May 2019.\n- Mukhanov has been recognized as an IEEE Fellow (2012) and received the IEEE Award for Continuing and Significant Contributions in the Field of Small Scale Applied Superconductivity in 2015.\n- He resides in Putnam Valley, New York, with his wife Irina B. Mukhanov.",
    "Oren Etzioni": "- Oren Etzioni is an American entrepreneur, Professor Emeritus of Computer Science, and founding CEO of the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence (AI2).\n- He announced on June 15, 2022, that he will step down as CEO of AI2 effective September 30, 2022, but will remain as a board member and advisor and take the position of Technical Director of the AI2 Incubator.\n- Etzioni was the first student to major in computer science at Harvard University and earned a PhD from Carnegie Mellon University in 1991.\n- He joined the University of Washington faculty in 1991 and worked on projects such as Internet Softbots and the KnowItAll project for acquiring massive amounts of information from the web.\n- Etzioni founded multiple companies including MetaCrawler, Netbot, ClearForest, Farecast, and co-founded Decide.com, and has written commentary on AI for The New York Times, Wired, and Nature.\n- He was selected as the founding CEO of the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence in 2013, where he developed an organizational culture focused on conquering grand AI challenges.\n- Under his leadership, the AI2 team grew from zero to over 200 team members, and over the last eight years, AI2 researchers have published close to 700 papers in premier venues.\n- Etzioni has received several awards, including a National Young Investigator Award, the Robert S. Engelmore Memorial Award, and was voted \"Geek of the Year\" through GeekWire. \n- He will continue to be involved with AI2 as a board member, advisor, and Technical Director of AI2 Incubator.",
    "Parisa Tabriz": "\n\n- Parisa Tabriz is an Iranian-American computer security expert who works for Google as a Vice President of engineering.\n- She grew up in the suburbs of Chicago and was not exposed to coding and computer science until her first year of university.\n- She completed a bachelor of science and master of science degree in computer science at the University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign.\n- Tabriz was offered a summer internship with Google's security team while at college, and joined the company a few months after her graduation in 2007.\n- She chose the title \"Security Princess\" on her business card, and trained Google staff interested in learning more about security and worked with youth at DEFCON and Girl Scouts of the USA to expose a more diverse set of people to the field of computer security.\n- In 2013, Tabriz took over responsibility for the security of Google Chrome.\n- She started an effort to drive adoption of the HTTPS protocol, and spoke out against government interception of HTTPS connections on the public Internet.\n- Tabriz is recognized as a tech visionary and has been included in Forbes' \"Top 30 People Under 30 To Watch in the Technology Industry\" list and Fortune's \"40 under 40\" list.",
    "Paritosh Pandya": "\n\n- Paritosh K. Pandya is an Indian computer scientist based at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai, India.\n- He studied for a BE degree in Electronics at the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, an MTech degree in Computer Science at IIT Kanpur, and a PhD in Computer Science at Bombay University/TIFR.\n- Since 1988, he has held academic posts at TIFR.\n- From 1989 to 1991, he was a researcher at the Oxford University Computing Laboratory in England as part of the ESPRIT ProCoS project on \"Provably Correct Systems\".\n- Pandya's main research interest is in the area of formal methods, including real-time systems, and he leads the Theoretical Computer Science Group at TIFR.\n- He has been especially involved with research concerning Duration Calculus, including the DCVALID model-checking tool.\n- His most cited paper, \"Finding Response Times in a Real-Time System\", won a 2020 Test-of-Time Award and was published in The Computer Journal in 1986, joint work with Mathai Joseph.\n- He has been a member of the Editorial Board for the Formal Aspects of Computing journal published by Springer.\n- Pandya is also an adjunct professor at IIT Bombay since 2020.\n- His publications can be found on Google Scholar, DBLP Bibliography Server, Academia.edu, Mendeley, and ResearchGate.",
    "Patrick Cousot": "\n\n- Patrick Cousot is a French computer scientist and currently a Silver Professor of Computer Science at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University.\n- He has previously held positions at \u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, \u00c9cole Polytechnique, University of Metz, and French National Center for Scientific Research.\n- He is the originator of abstract interpretation, a technique used in formal methods, which he developed with his wife Radhia Cousot.\n- He has worked on practical methods of static analysis for critical embedded software, such as those found in avionics.\n- Cousot has received numerous awards and accolades, including the CNRS Silver Medal, EADS Foundation Great Prize, ACM SIGPLAN Programming Languages Achievement Award, IEEE Computer Society Harlan D. Mills award, the Humboldt Research Award, the IEEE John von Neumann Medal, and the EATCS award, among others.\n- He is also a member of various academic organizations and boards of trustees.",
    "Paul Dourish": "- Paul Dourish is a computer scientist who works at the intersection of computer science and social science.\n- He holds the Steckler Endowed Chair of Information and Computer Science at the University of California, Irvine, where he directs the Steckler Center for Responsible, Ethical, and Accessible Technology.\n- He is a Fellow of the AAAS, the ACM, and the British Computer Society, and is a two-time winner of the ACM CSCW \"Lasting Impact\" award.\n- Dourish has published three books and over 100 scientific articles, and holds 19 US patents.\n- He studied at the University of Edinburgh and completed his Ph.D at University College London before working for Apple Computer and Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center.\n- His published work is primarily in the areas of Human-Computer Interaction, Computer supported cooperative work, and Ubiquitous computing.\n- Dourish is interested in how people interact with technology and how it shapes our social and cultural practices.\n- He has held visiting positions at Intel, Microsoft, MIT, the IT University of Copenhagen, and the University of Melbourne.\n- He has won several awards and grants for his research, including the Diana Forsythe Prize, the BM Faculty Award, and the National Science Foundation CAREER Award.\n- Dourish has taught courses on Ubiquitous Computing and Interaction, Social Analysis of Computerization, and Human-Computer Interaction at UC Irvine.",
    "Paul Graham (computer programmer)": "\n\n- Paul Graham is a computer scientist, essayist, entrepreneur, venture capitalist, and author.\n- He is known for his work on Lisp, his former startup Viaweb, cofounding Y Combinator, his essays, and Hacker News.\n- Graham received a Bachelor of Arts in philosophy from Cornell University, and Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy degrees in computer science from Harvard University.\n- In 1996, Graham founded Viaweb, which was later sold to Yahoo! for $49.6 million.\n- Graham's essays cover a variety of topics, including programming languages, startup advice, and philosophy.\n- He proposed a disagreement hierarchy, and the Blub paradox to illustrate the difficulty of comparing programming languages objectively.\n- Graham co-founded Y Combinator in 2005 to provide seed funding for startups, and it has invested in over 1300 startups.\n- Graham married Jessica Livingston in 2008, and they have two children.\n- In 2014, Graham stepped down from his day-to-day role at Y Combinator.\n- In 2019, Graham announced a new dialect of Lisp called Bel.",
    "Paul Hudak": "\n\n- Paul Raymond Hudak was an American musician and professor of computer science at Yale University\n- He was involved in the design of the Haskell programming language\n- He wrote several textbooks on Haskell and computer music\n- He was a chair of the department and master of Saybrook College at Yale\n- He died on April 29, 2015, due to leukemia",
    "Paul Justin Compton": "\n\n- Paul Compton is an Emeritus Professor at the University of New South Wales (UNSW).\n- He was the former Head of the UNSW School of Computer Science and Engineering.\n- Compton proposed \"ripple-down rules\" with R. Jansen in 1988.\n- He worked at the Garvan Institute before joining UNSW.\n- He has supervised several PhD graduates.\n- Compton has been published in various journals and papers from 2001-2005.\n- He also holds a patent from 2003.\n- Compton has presented several refereed papers at international conferences from 2001-2005.",
    "Paul Vitanyi": "\n\n- Paul Michael B\u00e9la Vit\u00e1nyi is a Dutch computer scientist and professor of computer science at the University of Amsterdam, as well as a researcher at the Dutch Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica.\n- He received his degree of mathematical engineer from Delft University of Technology in 1971 and his Ph.D. from the Free University of Amsterdam in 1978.\n- Vit\u00e1nyi has held positions as a guest professor and visiting professor at various universities worldwide, including the University of Copenhagen, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Monash University, and the University of Waterloo.\n- He has served on the editorial boards of several academic journals, including the Journal of Computer and Systems Sciences, Information Processing Letters, and the International journal of Foundations of Computer Science, among others.\n- Vit\u00e1nyi has received numerous awards and honors, including the National Outstanding Scientific and Technological Book Award of the People's Republic of China, a knighthood in the Order of the Netherlands Lion, and the McGuffey Longevity Award of the Textbook & Academic Authors Association.\n- He has published over 200 research papers and books on a range of topics including cellular automata, computational complexity, distributed and parallel computing, machine learning and prediction, physics of computation, Kolmogorov complexity, information theory and quantum computing.\n- Vit\u00e1nyi has co-authored the textbook \"An Introduction to Kolmogorov Complexity and Its Applications,\" which received the McGuffey Longevity Award and the National Outstanding Scientific and Technological Book Award of the People's Republic of China.",
    "Paul Vixie": "\n\n- Paul Vixie is an American computer scientist known for his technical contributions to Domain Name System (DNS) protocol design and open source software methodology.\n- Vixie founded the Internet Software Consortium (ISC) in 1996 to support BIND and other Internet software. ISC's activities were later assumed by Internet Systems Consortium.\n- He is also the creator of the first successful commercial anti-spam service and cofounder of Mail Abuse Prevention System (MAPS).\n- Vixie served on the board of trustees of the American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN) and the Security and Stability Advisory Committee of ICANN.\n- He authored several Request for Comments (RFC)s on various subjects, including \"Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA Delegation\" (BCP 20).\n- Vixie received his Ph.D. in Computer Science from Keio University in 2011 and founded a new company, Farsight Security, Inc., in 2013.\n- Vixie was inducted into the Internet Hall of Fame as an Innovator in 2014.\n- He contributed to the development of several software systems such as BIND, Vixie cron, DHCP, and sendmail.\n- Vixie co-authored a book titled \"Sendmail: Theory and Practice\" in 1995 and holds a patent for the \"Internet communication system.\"",
    "Peter Eades": "\n\n- Peter D. Eades is an Australian computer scientist and emeritus professor at the University of Sydney.\n- He received his bachelor's degree in mathematics from the Australian National University in 1974 and his Ph.D. in mathematics from the same university in 1977.\n- Eades is known for his expertise in graph drawing and has written many highly cited research papers on the topic.\n- He is the co-author of the book \"Graph drawing: Algorithms for the visualization of graphs\" and has been the doctoral advisor of over 30 graduate students.\n- Eades was a professor of computer science at the University of Newcastle from 1992 to 1999 before joining the University of Sydney faculty in 2000.\n- He has been a keynote speaker at several international conferences on information visualization, algorithms, and graph drawing.\n- A workshop was held in honor of Eades' 60th birthday as part of the International Symposium on Graph Drawing in 2012.\n- Eades has a home page at the University of Sydney, and a list of his publications is available on DBLP.",
    "Peter J. Denning": "\n\n- Peter James Denning is an American computer scientist and writer.\n\n- He is best known for his pioneering work in virtual memory, especially for inventing the working-set model for program behavior.\n\n- Denning attended Manhattan College for a Bachelor in Electrical Engineering and then MIT for a PhD.\n\n- Denning has written several books and has published 340 technical papers.\n\n- He is also known for his works on principles of operating systems, computational models, and design and implementation of CSNET and ACM digital library.\n\n- Denning created a course on innovation as a set of learnable practices called Sense 21.\n\n- He has been a major influence in computer education and has contributed to the development of computing curriculum.\n\n- Denning is married to computer security expert Dorothy E. Denning.",
    "Peter J. Weinberger": "\n\n- Peter Jay Weinberger is a computer scientist.\n- He is known for his early work at Bell Labs and currently works for Google.\n- Weinberger obtained his undergraduate degree from Swarthmore College and his PhD in mathematics from the University of California, Berkeley.\n- He contributed to the design of the AWK programming language and the Fortran compiler f77.\n- Weinberger was also involved in early digital photography and the creation of the PJW face image.\n- Before joining Google, he was chief technology officer at Renaissance Technologies and a member of the JASON defense advisory group.\n- Weinberger co-authored the book \"The AWK Programming Language\".\n- He has an Erdos Number of 2.\n- More information on his work can be found on his Mathematics Genealogy Project page and a YouTube video where he talks about his work at Google.",
    "Peter Landin": "\n\n- Peter John Landin was a British computer scientist.\n- He realized that the lambda calculus could be used to model a programming language, which is essential for functional programming and denotational semantics.\n- Landin worked as an assistant to Christopher Strachey from 1960 to 1964 before taking a position at Queen Mary University of London.\n- He was involved in the definition of the ALGOL programming language and international programming and informatics standards.\n- Landin invented the SECD machine, the first abstract machine for a functional programming language, and the ISWIM programming language, defining the Landin off-side rule and coining the term syntactic sugar.\n- He was involved with the Gay Liberation Front during the early 1970s and was once arrested as part of an anti-nuclear demonstration.\n- Landin's legacy includes an archive of material at the Bodleian Library in Oxford, an annual semantics seminar held in his memory, and a building at Queen Mary University of London named after him.\n- Some of Landin's selected publications include \"The mechanical evaluation of expressions\", \"Correspondence between ALGOL 60 and Church's Lambda-notation\", and \"The next 700 programming languages\".",
    "Peter Norvig": "\n\n- Peter Norvig is an American computer scientist and Distinguished Education Fellow at the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered AI.\n- He previously served as a director of research and search quality at Google.\n- Norvig is the co-author with Stuart J. Russell of the most popular textbook in the field of AI: Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach used in more than 1,500 universities in 135 countries.\n- He received a Bachelor of Science in applied mathematics from Brown University and a Ph.D. in computer science from the University of California, Berkeley.\n- Norvig is a councilor of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.\n- He has over fifty publications in various areas of computer science, concentrating on artificial intelligence, natural language processing, information retrieval, and software engineering.\n- Norvig is also one of the creators of JScheme.\n- He worked with Sebastian Thrun to develop a popular online course in Artificial Intelligence that had more than 160,000 students enrolled.\n- Norvig was elected an AAAI Fellow in 2001 and a fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 2006.",
    "Peter O'Hearn": "\n\n- Peter William O'Hearn is a Distinguished Engineer at Lacework and a Professor of Computer Science at University College London (UCL).\n- He has made significant contributions to formal methods for program correctness, particularly in the development of separation logic and concurrent separation logic.\n- O'Hearn co-founded Monoidics Ltd, which was acquired by Facebook in 2013, and his team developed the Infer Static Analyzer for automated program analysis. The tool has been open-sourced and is used by companies such as Amazon, Spotify, and Uber.\n- O'Hearn previously worked as an assistant professor at Syracuse University and was a reader in computer science at Queen Mary University of London before joining UCL.\n- He has received numerous accolades for his contributions to computer science, including the Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award, the Most Influential POPL Paper Award (twice), the G\u00f6del Prize, and being elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society and the Royal Academy of Engineering.\n- In October 2021, O'Hearn and three of his Facebook colleagues were awarded an IEEE Cybersecurity Award for Practice.",
    "Peter Wegner": "\n\n- Peter A. Wegner was a computer scientist who contributed to the theory of object-oriented programming and the Church-Turing thesis.\n- He received his education from the University of Cambridge and the University of London.\n- His seminal work in object-oriented programming is \"On Understanding Types,\" co-authored with Luca Cardelli.\n- He co-authored papers and edited a book on the relevance of the Church-Turing thesis for empirical aspects of computer science.\n- Wegner was inducted as a Fellow of the ACM in 1995, received the ACM Distinguished Service Award in 2000, and the Austrian Cross of Honor for Science and Art, 1st class in 1999.\n- He suffered serious brain injuries when hit by a bus on his trip to London to receive his award but recovered after a lengthy coma.\n- He was the editor-in-chief of ACM Computing Surveys and The Brown Faculty Bulletin.\n- Wegner was a professor at Brown University.",
    "Philip Don Estridge": "-Don Estridge was an American computer engineer\n\n-He led the development of the original IBM Personal Computer (PC)\n\n-He is known as the \"father of the IBM PC\"\n\n-His decisions dramatically changed the computer industry, resulting in a vast increase in sales of personal computers, thus creating an entire industry of hardware manufacturers of IBM PCs.\n\n-Estridge completed a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering at the University of Florida and worked at the Army, designing a radar system using computers, IBM and finally NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center until he moved to Boca Raton, Florida, in 1969.\n\n-Before being the leader of the team to develop the IBM PC he had been the lead manager for the development of the IBM Series/1 mini-computer.\n\n-In mid-1980, he was given the opportunity to lead IBM's efforts in the emerging personal computer business.\n\n-The specifications of the IBM PC were published, allowing third-party hardware and software to be used.\n\n-He and his wife were killed in the crash of Delta Air Lines Flight 191 on August 2, 1985.\n\n-Estridge has been honored many times, and the Don Estridge High-Tech Middle School in Boca Raton is named after him.",
    "Philip Emeagwali": "\n\n- Philip Emeagwali is a Nigerian computer scientist born on August 23, 1954.\n- He won the 1989 Gordon Bell Prize for price-performance in high-performance computing applications with a mathematical formulation and implementation for oil reservoir modeling.\n- Emeagwali's early schooling was suspended due to the Nigerian Civil War and completed high-school equivalence through self-study.\n- He received a bachelor's degree in mathematics from Oregon State University in 1977 and a master's degree from George Washington University and the University of Maryland.\n- Emeagwali made controversial claims about his achievements, including falsely claiming to have invented the Connection Machine and receiving 41 patented inventions, which are disputed by the scientific community.\n- He also claimed to be the father of the Internet, which is untrue, and that his work inspired the reinvention of supercomputers as an Internet.\n- Emeagwali's Ph.D. thesis at the University of Michigan was not accepted, and he filed a court challenge stating that the university had discriminated against him because of his race, which was dismissed.\n- His work has been cited as an example of what Nigerians can achieve when given the opportunity, and he is frequently featured in popular press articles for Black History Month.\n- Emeagwali received the Price/performance\u20131989 Gordon Bell Prize, IEEE ($1,000 prize), and has published several speeches and articles.",
    "Philip Wadler": "\n\n- Philip Lee Wadler is an American computer scientist.\n- He is known for his contributions to programming language design and type theory.\n- Wadler is the chair of Theoretical Computer Science at the University of Edinburgh.\n- He contributed to the theory behind functional programming and the design of Haskell and XQuery languages.\n- He created the Orwell programming language in 1984.\n- Wadler was involved in adding generic types to Java 5.0.\n- He is the author of the paper \"Theorems for free!\" that influenced functional language optimization.\n- Wadler received a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics from Stanford University, a Master of Science in Computer Science from Carnegie Mellon University, and a PhD in Computer Science from Carnegie Mellon University.\n- He was a research fellow at the Programming Research Group at Oxford University and St Cross College from 1983 to 1987.\n- Wadler was a member of the technical staff at Bell Labs and Avaya Labs.\n- He has been a professor at the University of Glasgow and the University of Edinburgh.\n- Wadler is currently working on a new functional language called Links for writing web applications.\n- He has a h-index of 72 and over 26,000 citations on Google Scholar.\n- Wadler received the Most Influential POPL Paper Award in 2003 and was elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 2005.\n- He was also inducted as an ACM Fellow in 2007.",
    "Philip Woodward": "\n\n- Philip Mayne Woodward was a British mathematician, radar engineer, and horologist\n- Woodward had notable success in mathematics, radar engineering, and horology\n- Woodward's achievements in radar include developing a mathematical beam-shaping technique and evaluating the ambiguities inherent in all radar signals\n- Woodward's achievements in horology include building W5, a clock acclaimed for its accuracy and design, and contributing to scientific horology with major analyses of balance springs and pendulums\n- Woodward was also an Honorary Professor in Electrical Engineering at the University of Birmingham and a Deputy Chief Scientific Officer at the Royal Signals and Radar Establishment\n- Woodward was born on September 6, 1919, and died on January 30, 2018, at the age of 98.",
    "Phiwa Nkambule": "\n\n-Phiwa Nkambule is a technology entrepreneur, technology businessperson, and internet activist.\n\n-He co-founded Riovic and served as its CEO, and previously founded Cybatar, a technology company focused on fuel delivery from his garage in South Africa.\n\n-He also sat on the board of the Royal Science and Technology Park, a state-owned enterprise created to foster the conception of inventions and facilitate their patenting.\n\n-Phiwa was born in Manzini and spent his childhood there. At 14, he began fixing and building computers with his uncle.\n\n-He released the first tuition crowdfunding platform in South Africa in 2015, and he launched a free online learning platform for digital skills aimed at reducing the youth unemployment rate in South Africa.\n\n-Phiwa Nkambule was invited to deliver a keynote address on Digital Technologies in Insurance at the 13th International Microinsurance Conference in Peru, South America in November 2017.\n\n-In June 2018, he was named in the Forbes Africa 30 Under 30 list and in October 2018 he was named in Destiny Man\u2019s Power of 40 list.\n\n-Phiwa was named Social Media Personality of the Year by the Times of Swaziland in December 2021.",
    "Pino Caballero Gil": "\n\n- Pino Caballero Gil is a Spanish scientist and professor in Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence at the University of La Laguna (ULL).\n- She received her degree in mathematics from ULL in 1990 and her Ph.D. from the same university in 1995.\n- Caballero is a coordinator of the CryptULL group of research in cryptology at ULL since 1998.\n- Her research focuses on cryptography, cryptanalysis, cryptographic protocols, wireless communications security, pseudorandom number generator, strong authentication, and secure mobile applications.\n- She has participated in 47 national and international research projects and is a founding member of the Spanish Network of Excellence on Cybersecurity Research.\n- Caballero received the Award of the Instituto Universitario de Estudios de la Mujer, ULL in 2017 and the Premio D\u00eda de Canarias para J\u00f3venes Investigadores in 1998.\n- In 2019, she was an unsuccessful candidate for rector at ULL.\n- She gave a plenary lecture during Spanish Meeting on Cryptology and Information Security (RECSI) 2022 at the University of Cantabria.",
    "Poul-Henning Kamp": "- Poul-Henning Kamp is a Danish computer software developer\n- He has contributed to the FreeBSD project for most of its duration, including the widely used MD5crypt implementation of the MD5 password hash algorithm\n- He is the lead architect and developer for the open source Varnish cache project\n- He had a dispute with D-Link in 2006 over NTP vandalism\n- He popularized the term \"bike shed discussion\" to describe the phenomenon of trivial topics receiving excessive discussion in open source projects\n- He prefers a Beerware license to the GPL\n- In 2019, he was accused of anti-semitism for a controversial tweet and subsequent blog post\n- He has published articles in various publications, mostly on the topics of computing and time keeping.",
    "Ralph Griswold": "\n\n- Ralph E. Griswold was a computer scientist known for his work with high-level programming languages and symbolic computation\n- He was responsible for creating the string processing language SNOBOL, SL5, and Icon\n- Griswold attended Stanford University and became the head of Bell Labs' Programming Research and Development department in 1967\n- In 1971, he was hired by the University of Arizona to be its first professor of computer science and developed the programming language Icon while there\n- Griswold was appointed Regents' Professor in 1990 and retired in 1995\n- His interests after retirement turned to the mathematical aspects of weaving\n- Griswold died on October 4, 2006, from cancer, and his son, Bill Griswold, is also a computer scientist.",
    "Ramanathan V. Guha": "\n\n- Ramanathan V. Guha is a creator of web standards, including RSS, RDF, and Schema.org.\n- He co-founded Epinions and Alpiri and currently works at Google as a Google Fellow.\n- Guha graduated with a Bachelor of Technology in Mechanical Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Madras, a Master of Science from University of California, Berkeley, and a Ph.D from Stanford University.\n- He was a co-leader of the Cyc Project and created the Meta Content Framework format while at Apple Computer.\n- Guha created the first version of RSS and contributed to the \"smart browsing\" features of Netscape 4.5.\n- He was named as a Distinguished Alumnus of the Indian Institute of Technology Madras in 2013 and as an ACM Fellow in 2015 for his contributions to structured data representation and specification on the web.",
    "Ramesh Jain": "- Ramesh Chandra Jain is a scientist and entrepreneur in information and computer science\n- He graduated from Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India and has a Ph.D. in electronics engineering from Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India\n- Jain has served in academic positions at many universities, including the University of Michigan, the University of California, San Diego, and Georgia Tech\n- He is currently a Bren Professor in Information & Computer Sciences at the University of California, Irvine\n- His research interests are in computer vision, artificial intelligence, and multimedia computing\n- Jain has founded or co-founded multiple startup companies, including Imageware, Virage, Praja, and Seraja\n- He has been elected a Fellow of multiple associations, including the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)\n- Jain has published over 400 research papers in scientific journals and conferences.",
    "Ramesh Sitaraman": "\n\n- Ramesh Sitaraman is an Indian American computer scientist.\n- He is known for his work on distributed algorithms, content delivery networks, streaming video delivery, and application delivery networks.\n- He helped build the Akamai content delivery network.\n- He received a B.Tech in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras and a Ph.D in computer science from Princeton University under Robert Tarjan.\n- He is a distinguished professor in the computer science department at University of Massachusetts, Amherst.\n- His early research centered on algorithms for building reliable parallel networks from unreliable components.\n- He helped build the Akamai network using 190,000 servers in 110 countries in over 1,100 networks.\n- His current research is focused on energy efficiency of Internet-scale distributed networks.\n- He was elected as an ACM Fellow and an IEEE Fellow in 2019 for his contributions to content delivery networks, distributed systems, and scalable Internet services.",
    "Randy Pausch": "- Randolph Frederick Pausch was an American educator and professor of computer science, human-computer interaction, and design at Carnegie Mellon University.\n- Pausch was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in 2006 and was given a terminal diagnosis in 2007.\n- He delivered a lecture titled \"The Last Lecture: Really Achieving Your Childhood Dreams\" which became a popular YouTube video and led to a book of the same name.\n- Pausch died of complications from pancreatic cancer in 2008.\n- Pausch received numerous awards and honors for his contributions to computing education and mentoring of women in CS and engineering.\n- The Randy Pausch Memorial Footbridge was built to link the Computer Science building and the Center for the Arts at CMU.\n- Pausch's book, The Last Lecture, became a New York Times best-seller and has been translated into 46 languages.\n- Pausch made appearances on The Oprah Winfrey Show and Good Morning America and filmed a cameo for the movie Star Trek.\n- Pausch received honors including being listed as one of Time's World's Top-100 Most Influential People and being named Pittsburgher of the Year 2008.",
    "Rapelang Rabana": "\n\n- Rapelang Rabana is a computer scientist, entrepreneur, and keynote speaker.\n- She is the Founder and Chair of Rekindle Learning, a learning technology company.\n- She co-founded Yeigo Communications, South Africa's first free VoIP mobile services provider.\n- Rabana has been featured on the cover of ForbesAfrica magazine and selected as a FastCompany Maverick.\n- She was named Entrepreneur for the World by the World Entrepreneurship Forum and selected as a Young Global Leader by the World Economic Forum.\n- Rabana started her schooling in Botswana and attended Roedean School in Johannesburg.\n- She graduated with honours from the University of Cape Town with a bachelor's degree in Business Science with a specialty in Computer Science.\n- After graduating, Rabana co-created the VoIP mobile application called Yeigo in 2006.\n- In 2014, Rabana founded Rekindle Learning, which empowers people to respond to the changing world of work through digital learning experiences.\n- She was appointed Chief Digital Officer of BCX in November 2017.\n- Rabana has been on Oprah Magazine's O Power List and Forbes's 30 under 30 list.\n- She was invited to join the World Economic Forum 2012 Annual Meeting in Davos, selected as a Global Shaper, and is now a Young Global Leader.\n- Rabana is an Ambassador and Juror for the United Nations World Summit Awards and gave the keynote address at Gartner Symposium 2015 in Cape Town.",
    "Rasmus Lerdorf": "\n\n- Rasmus Lerdorf is a Danish-Canadian programmer.\n- He co-authored and inspired the PHP scripting language, and authored the first two versions of the language.\n- He contributed to the Apache HTTP Server and added the LIMIT clause to the mSQL DBMS.\n- From 2002 to 2009, he worked for Yahoo! Inc. as an Infrastructure Architecture Engineer.\n- In 2010, he joined WePay to develop their application programming interface and since then has been a roving consultant for startups.\n- Lerdorf is a frequent speaker at Open Source conferences around the world.\n- He was named in the MIT Technology Review TR100 as one of the top 100 innovators in the world under the age of 35 in 2003.\n- Lerdorf joined Jelastic as a senior advisor in July 2013 to help them with the creation of new technology.\n- He made a speech on the history of PHP, the new PHP 7 release in 2017, and the 25 years of PHP at the WeAreDevelopers Conferences 2017 and 2019.",
    "Rediet Abebe": "\n\nSummary:\n\n- Rediet Abebe is an Ethiopian computer scientist who works in algorithms and artificial intelligence.\n- She is an Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of California, Berkeley.\n- Abebe's research focuses on inequality and distributive justice, developing mathematical and computational frameworks to address these issues.\n- She co-founded the multi-institutional interdisciplinary research initiatives MD4SG and Black in AI.\n- Abebe completed her undergraduate degree in mathematics and Applied Mathematics and a doctoral degree in computer science at Cornell University, where she was advised by Jon Kleinberg.\n- Throughout 2019 Abebe served on the National Institutes of Health Working Group on AI.\n- Abebe co-founded the MD4SG research initiative in 2016 and Black in AI.\n- Her awards and honors include the Class of Andrew Carnegie Fellows, the Harvard Society of Fellows, and the MIT Technology Review's 35 Under 35.",
    "Reinder van de Riet": "\n\n- Reind van de Riet was a Dutch computer scientist and Emeritus Professor Information Systems at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.\n- He developed COLOR-X, a linguistically-based event modeling language for object modeling.\n- Van de Riet received his Ph.D. in computer science at the University of Amsterdam in 1968.\n- He was appointed Professor Information Systems at the VU University Amsterdam in 1970 and retired in August 2000.\n- He was editor of Europe of Data and Knowledge Engineering journal and member of the Editorial Board of the Information Systems Journal.\n- His research interests included database and knowledge bases, the use of linguistics, security and privacy problems, and computational auditing.\n- A few of his Ph.D. students were Peter Apers, Martin L. Kersten, Roel Wieringa, and Frances Brazier.\n- He was knighted into the Orde van de Nederlandse Leeuw.\n- He died in Baarn, Netherlands, in 2008, shortly after a lecture trip through the United States.\n- Some of his notable publications include \"Answering queries without revealing secrets,\" \"Two access methods using compact binary trees,\" and \"COLOR-X: Object Modeling pro ts from Linguistics.\"",
    "Richard Hamming": "\n\n- Richard Wesley Hamming was an American mathematician who made significant contributions in computer engineering and telecommunications.\n- He is credited with creating the Hamming code, Hamming window, Hamming numbers, sphere-packing (or Hamming bound), Hamming graph concepts, and the Hamming distance.\n- Hamming worked on the Manhattan Project at the Los Alamos Laboratory before joining Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1946",
    "Richard J. Lipton": "- Richard Jay Lipton is an American computer scientist\n- He is Associate Dean of Research, Professor, and the Frederick G. Storey Chair in Computing in the College of Computing at the Georgia Institute of Technology\n- Lipton has worked in computer science theory, cryptography, and DNA computing\n- In 1980, he and Richard M. Karp proved the Karp-Lipton theorem\n- Lipton developed a method for proving parallel program correctness\n- He has studied and created database security models\n- Lipton developed a technique for randomized testing to check the correctness of programs\n- He has worked in game theory and proposed a natural quasi-polynomial algorithm to compute epsilon-equilibria\n- Lipton and J. Naughton presented an adaptive random sampling algorithm for database querying\n- He was critical of formal verification of programs\n- Lipton generalized the notion of two-party communication protocols to multi-party communication protocols\n- He was part of a team that proved SAT cannot be computed if we apply constraints to both time and space\n- Lipton has received several awards and honors, including a Guggenheim Fellowship, membership in the National Academy of Engineering, and the Knuth Prize.",
    "Richard Karp": "\n\n- Richard Manning Karp is an American computer scientist and computational theorist at the University of California, Berkeley.\n- He received a Turing Award in 1985, The Benjamin Franklin Medal in Computer and Cognitive Science in 2004, and the Kyoto Prize in 2008 for his research in the theory of algorithms.\n- Karp was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering (1992).\n- Karp was born in Boston to Jewish parents and grew up in the mostly Jewish neighborhood of Dorchester.\n- He attended Harvard University and received a Ph.D. in applied mathematics in 1959.\n- Karp joined IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center before becoming a professor at UC Berkeley in 1968.\n- He was awarded the National Medal of Science, Harvey Prize, and became a fellow of various associations.\n- His major research interests include bioinformatics and he has made important discoveries in computer science, combinatorial algorithms, and operations research.\n- He co-developed the Held-Karp algorithm, Edmonds-Karp algorithm, the Hopcroft-Karp algorithm, and the Rabin-Karp string search algorithm.\n- Karp proved the Karp-Lipton theorem with Richard J. Lipton in 1980. \n- Karp introduced the standard methodology for proving problems to be NP-complete.",
    "Richard Veryard": "- Richard Veryard is a British computer scientist, author, and business consultant.\n- He attended Sevenoaks School, Oxford, and Imperial College London.\n- Veryard started his career with Data Logic Limited and later worked as an IT consultant with James Martin Associates.\n- He became a freelance consultant in 1997 and a principal consultant at CBDi in 2006.\n- Veryard has written several books on topics like data analysis, information systems and software economics, and component-based business.\n- He developed the Enterprise Modelling Methodology/Open Distributed Processing (EMM/ODP) for enterprise modeling in distributed systems.\n- Veryard introduced the concept of \"component-based business\" in 2001, which describes new business architectures as a dynamic network of components providing services to each other.\n- He also wrote about business architecture and its relationship with IT-driven agendas.",
    "Richard W. Conway": "\n\n- Richard Walter Conway is an American industrial engineer and computer scientist.\n- He is the Emerson Electric Company Professor of Manufacturing Management, Emeritus in the Johnson Graduate School of Management at Cornell University.\n- Conway has spent his entire academic career, both as a student and a professor, at Cornell.\n- He has held faculty positions at Cornell in several different areas: industrial engineering, operations research, computer science, and management science.\n- Conway is known for his work and publications in foundational questions about computer simulation methodology, production scheduling theory, developing computer languages and language compilers, authoring textbooks about computer programming, and developing simulation software for manufacturing.\n- In addition, he was the first director of the Office of Computing Services at Cornell.\n- Conway received his Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering degree in 1954 and his Ph.D. degree in 1958.\n- He became a full professor in 1965 and was named the Emerson Electric Company Professor of Manufacturing Management in 1993.\n- Conway has also won several awards including being elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1992 and being named an inaugural Fellow of the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences in 2002.\n- His most notable book is Theory of Scheduling, co-authored with William L. Maxwell and Louis W. Miller, which has been described as a classic work.\n- Conway is also known for developing several computer languages, including PL/C, a student-oriented dialect of PL/I, which became widely used in teaching programming.\n- In his later career, he focused on simulation for manufacturing processes and developed the XCELL Factory Modelling System.\n- Conway retired from the Cornell faculty around 1999 and became a professor emeritus.\n- Besides academic work, Conway served as a consultant for several organizations and businesses.\n- Over the years, he taught or co-taught courses on management information systems and information systems in manufacturing.",
    "Robert C. Martin": "- Robert Cecil Martin, also known as \"Uncle Bob,\" is an American software engineer, instructor, and author.\n- He is known for promoting software design principles and being an author and signatory of the Agile Manifesto.\n- Martin founded Object Mentor in 1991, which provided instructor-led training on extreme programming methodology.\n- As of March 2020, Martin operates two companies: Uncle Bob Consulting and Clean Coders.\n- He is a proponent of software craftsmanship, agile software development, and test-driven development.\n- Martin coined the SOLID mnemonic, a collection of software principles.\n- Martin has authored several books, including \"Clean Code\" and \"Clean Architecture.\"\n- He was the editor-in-chief of C++ Report magazine and served as the first chairman of the Agile Alliance.",
    "Robert Cailliau": "- Robert Cailliau proposed the first hypertext system for CERN in 1987 and collaborated with Tim Berners-Lee on the World Wide Web.\n- He helped design the historic logo of the WWW and organized the first International World Wide Web Conference at CERN in 1994.\n- Cailliau also helped transfer Web development from CERN to the global Web consortium in 1995.\n- Together with Dr. James Gillies, Cailliau wrote How the Web Was Born, the first book-length account of the origins of the World Wide Web.\n- Cailliau is a recipient of several awards including the ACM Software System Award in 1995 and the Internet Hall of Fame by the Internet Society in 2012.\n- He retired from CERN in 2007 and is an active member of the pan-European political movement Newropeans.",
    "Robert Dewar": "\n\n- Robert Berriedale Keith Dewar was an American computer scientist and educator.\n- Dewar helped to develop programming languages and compilers and was an advocate of freely licensed open-source software.\n- He was a co-founder, CEO, and president of the AdaCore software company and was an expert in copyright and patent law for software.\n- Dewar was involved with developing international standards in programming and informatics as a member of the International Federation for Information Processing.\n- He was married to Karin Dewar and had two children, Jenny and Keith.\n- Dewar was also an enthusiastic amateur performer and musician and enjoyed singing and playing bassoon and recorder. \n- He was an active member and benefactor of the Village Light Opera Group in New York City, serving them in many capacities, from producer and president to music director, and on stage.\n- Dewar died of cancer at age 70 at his home in Bennington, Vermont.",
    "Robert France": "- Robert Bertrand France was a Jamaica-born American computer scientist.\n- He studied for a BSc degree in Natural Sciences at the University of the West Indies in Saint Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.\n- He achieved a PhD degree in computer science at Massey University in New Zealand in 1990.\n- He undertook research on model-driven software development and was co-founder and editor-in-chief of the Software and Systems Modeling journal from 1999 until 2015.\n- He was awarded the Ten Year Most Influential Paper Award at the MODELS 2008 Conference for a paper he co-authored in 1998.\n- He was awarded a five-year International Chair at INRIA in France in 2013 and a senior Dahl\u2013Nygaard Prize for his research by the Association Internationale pour les Technologies Objets (AITO) in 2014.\n- He died on February 15, 2015, and had a son and daughter with his wife.",
    "Robert Griesemer": "\n\n- Robert Griesemer is a Swiss computer scientist.\n- He is best known for his work on the Go programming language.\n- Prior to Go, he worked on Google's V8 JavaScript engine, the Sawzall language, the Java HotSpot virtual machine, and the Strongtalk system.\n- Griesemer studied at the ETH Zurich and works at Google.\n- He has authored papers on the Java HotSpot virtual machine and Paxos.\n- Griesemer has several patents related to programming languages and optimization.\n- He is associated with other notable computer scientists including Rob Pike, Ken Thompson, and Brian Kernighan.",
    "Robert Kowalski": "\n\n- Robert Anthony Kowalski is an American-British logician and computer scientist.\n- His research focuses on developing models of computing and human thinking.\n- He earned a BA in mathematics from the University of Bridgeport, MSc in mathematics from Stanford University, and a PhD in computer science from the University of Edinburgh.\n- Kowalski has been at Imperial College London since 1975 and became Emeritus Professor in 1999.\n- He is known for his work in automated theorem proving, SLD resolution, and logic programming.\n- He has developed the event calculus and applied logic programming to legal reasoning.\n- He was one of the developers of Abductive Logic Programming.\n- Kowalski has authored multiple books including Logic for Problem Solving and Computational Logic and Human Thinking: How to be Artificially Intelligent.\n- He has received several academic honors and awards throughout his career.\n- Kowalski's work on the British Nationality Act using logic programming earned him the Inaugural CodeX Prize in 2021.",
    "Robert L. Glass": "- Robert L. (Bob) Glass is an American software engineer and writer.\n- He is known for his works on software engineering, especially on measuring the quality of software design and studying the state of the art of software engineering research.\n- Glass held his first job in computing in 1954.\n- Glass authored more than 200 papers and 25 books, including \"The Dark Side of Software Engineering: Evil on Computing Projects.\"\n- He was the emeritus editor-in-chief of the Journal of Systems and Software and writes regular columns for Communications of the ACM and IEEE Software.\n- Glass criticized open-source software in 2000, predicting that it will not reach far and will be limited to one or a few cults emerging from a niche culture.\n- Glass worked from 1954 to 1957 in the aerospace industry at North American Aviation, from 1957 to 1965 at Aerojet-General Corp., and from 1965 to 1982 at Boeing Company, where he built software tools used by applications specialists.\n- He has been a visiting professor at the Link\u00f6ping University in Sweden and at the Griffith University in Queensland, Australia. \n- Glass worked on a tools-focused research grant at the University of Washington between 1970 and 1972.\n- Glass was awarded an honorary Ph.D. from Linkoping University of Sweden in 1995, and he was named a fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) professional society in 1999.\n- Using the pseudonym Miles Benson, Glass wrote disguised stories of failed computing projects in the 1970s for industry publication Computerworld.\n- After 45 years in the field, Glass described himself as \"my head is in the academic area of computing, but my heart is in its practice.\"",
    "Robert M. Graham (computer scientist)": "\n\n- Robert M. Graham was a cybersecurity researcher, computer scientist, and Professor Emeritus of Computer Science at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.\n- He was born in Michigan, US to a Scottish emigrant.\n- He received his undergraduate and graduate degrees from the University of Michigan.\n- Graham co-authored two compilers, GAT for the IBM 650 and MAD for the IBM 704/709/7090, while working at UofM's Computing Center.\n- In 1963, he moved to MIT to participate in the development of Multics, one of the first virtual memory time-sharing computer operating systems.\n- Graham worked at UC Berkeley, City College of New York, and the University of Massachusetts Amherst.\n- He officially retired in 1996 but continued to teach until the end of 2003.\n- He was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 1996.\n- Graham authored numerous books and professional articles.\n- His home page is available on the internet.",
    "Robert S. Boyer": "\n\n- Robert Stephen Boyer is a retired American professor of computer science, mathematics, and philosophy at The University of Texas at Austin.\n- He and J Strother Moore invented the Boyer-Moore string-search algorithm in 1977.\n- They also collaborated on the Boyer-Moore automated theorem prover, Nqthm, in 1992.\n- Boyer worked with Moore and Matt Kaufmann on another theorem prover called ACL2.\n- Boyer has published extensively and edited books, including \"A Computational Logic Handbook,\" \"Automated Reasoning: Essays in Honor of Woody Bledsoe,\" and \"The Correctness Problem in Computer Science.\"\n- See also Boyer-Moore majority vote algorithm and QED manifesto.\n- More information can be found on Boyer's home page and Mathematics Genealogy Project page.",
    "Robert Sedgewick (computer scientist)": "- Robert Sedgewick is an American computer scientist.\n- He is the founding chair and William O. Baker Professor in Computer Science at Princeton University.\n- Sedgewick previously served on the faculty at Brown University and has held visiting research positions at Xerox PARC, Institute for Defense Analyses, and INRIA.\n- His research expertise is in algorithm science, data structures, and analytic combinatorics.\n- He is active in developing the college curriculum in computer science and in harnessing technology to make that curriculum available to anyone seeking the opportunity to learn from it.\n- Sedgewick earned his Bachelor of Science and Master of Science degrees in applied mathematics from Brown University and his PhD in computer science from Stanford University.\n- Sedgewick has developed red-black trees, ternary search trees, and pairing heaps.\n- He is known for emphasizing a scientific approach to the analysis of algorithms based on validating mathematical models with experimental work using realistic data.\n- Sedgewick is the author of twenty books, including Algorithms, which was first published in 1983 and is now in its fourth edition.\n- He is a pioneer in the development of massive open online courses (MOOCs) and has offered six MOOCs.\n- Sedgewick has received numerous awards, including the Leroy P. Steele Prize for mathematical exposition and the Karl V. Karlstrom Outstanding Educator Award.\n- He lives in Princeton, New Jersey, with his wife and has four children.",
    "Robert Sproull": "\n\n- Robert Lamb Sproull was an American educator, physicist, and US Department of Defense official.\n- He was born in Lacon, Illinois, and graduated from Deep Springs College.\n- Sproull studied English literature at Cornell University before obtaining a Ph.D. in Physics from the same university.\n- He headed the Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics (LASSP) and the Materials Science Center at Cornell University.\n- Sproull left Cornell to become the director of the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA).\n- He served as provost and vice president of the University of Rochester, becoming its president in 1970.\n- He retired as president and became a professor of physics at the university in 1985.\n- Sproull was known by the nickname \"Particle Bob\" during his presidency at the University of Rochester.\n- He was a member of the Roundtable Council of the National Academy of Sciences and the chairman of the Defense Science Board.\n- In 2005, the University of Rochester named its Center for High Intensity Laser Research in his honor.\n- Sproull, with his wife, donated $1 million to create the Robert L. and Mary L. Sproull Fund in 2006 to support the work of the Cornell Center for Materials Research (CCMR).\n- He was awarded the Telluride Tech Festival Award of Technology in Telluride, Colorado, in 2006.\n- Sproull authored a book titled \"Modern Physics.\"",
    "Robert Tappan Morris": "- Robert Tappan Morris is an American computer scientist and entrepreneur\n- He is best known for creating the Morris worm in 1988, the first computer worm on the Internet\n- Morris was prosecuted for releasing the worm and became the first person convicted under the then-new Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA)\n- He later cofounded the online store Viaweb, one of the first web applications, and later the venture capital funding firm Y Combinator, both with Paul Graham\n- Morris is currently a faculty member at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he received tenure in 2006\n- He was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2019\n- Morris was indicted for violating the CFAA in 1989 and sentenced to three years of probation and a fine of $10,050 plus the costs of his supervision\n- Morris' principal research interest is computer network architectures, including work on distributed hash tables and wireless mesh networks\n- He graduated from Harvard University in 1987 and completed his Ph.D. at Harvard in 1999\n- Morris was awarded the 2010 Special Interest Group in Operating Systems (SIGOPS) Mark Weiser award and was elected a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 2015.",
    "Robert W. Floyd": "\n\n- Robert W Floyd was a computer scientist who made several contributions to the field.\n- He designed the Floyd-Warshall algorithm for finding all shortest paths in a graph.\n- Floyd also worked on parsing and introduced the concept of error diffusion for rendering images, known as Floyd-Steinberg dithering.\n- He was a pioneer of program verification using logical assertions.\n- Floyd received the Turing Award in 1978 for his contributions to computer science.\n- He was an associate professor at Carnegie Mellon University and later became a full professor at Stanford University.\n- Floyd worked closely with Donald Knuth and supervised seven Ph.D. graduates.\n- He was an avid backgammon player and took the game seriously, studying its mathematics.\n- Floyd suffered from Pick's disease in his last years and retired early in 1994.",
    "Roberto Ierusalimschy": "\n\n- Roberto Ierusalimschy is a Brazilian computer scientist.\n- He created the Lua programming language.\n- He holds a PhD in Computer Science from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro and is a full professor of informatics there.\n- He did a post-doc at University of Waterloo in 1992 and was visiting professor at Stanford University in 2012.\n- He is the author of Programming in Lua and the creator of LPeg, a Lua library for implementing parsing expression grammars.\n- He created Building a Programming Language, a project-based learning program where students learn how to build a programming language from scratch.\n- There are several online resources for Roberto Ierusalimschy's publications and bibliography.",
    "Roberto Pieraccini": "\n\n- Roberto Pieraccini is an Italian and US electrical engineer working in speech recognition, natural language understanding, and spoken dialog systems.\n- He is currently Director of Engineering at Google in Zurich, Switzerland, within the Google Assistant organization.\n- He has worked in various research centers, including CSELT, Bell Labs, AT&T Labs, SpeechWorks International, IBM Research, Jibo, and the International Computer Science Institute.\n- He has authored over 120 articles, book chapters, and conference publications in the fields of speech recognition, language modeling, optical character recognition, and dialog systems.\n- He is the author of two books: The Voice in the Machine and AI Assistants.\n- Pieraccini has received several honors and awards, including PrimiDieci USA 2016 and a Doctor in Science honorary degree from the Heriot Watt University of Edinburgh.\n- He was elected Chair of the IEEE Speech and Language Technical Committee (SLTC) and is a Fellow of IEEE and ISCA.",
    "Robin Milner": "- Robin Milner was a British computer scientist born in 1934 and died in 2010\n- He was educated at Eton College and King's College, Cambridge\n- He worked at Ferranti and various universities, including being a co-founder of the Laboratory for Foundations of Computer Science at the University of Edinburgh\n- Milner made major contributions to computer science, including developing Logic for Computable Functions (LCF) and the language ML, and creating the calculus of communicating systems (CCS) and the \u03c0-calculus\n- He was awarded numerous honors and awards, including the ACM Turing Award in 1991 and becoming a Fellow of the Royal Society\n- Milner died of a heart attack in Cambridge in 2010",
    "Rod Canion": "- Joseph Rodney \"Rod\" Canion co-founded Compaq Computer Corporation in 1982 and served as its first President and CEO.\n- Canion, Jim Harris, and Bill Murto had been senior managers at Texas Instruments before starting Compaq.\n- Canion built a culture at Compaq that attracted top talent, with a West Coast-style campus and high employee participation in meetings.\n- During Canion's tenure as CEO, Compaq set records for first-year sales and reached the Fortune 500 and $1 billion in revenue faster than any other company.\n- Canion was dismissed as CEO in 1991 after the company's first loss, and was succeeded by Eckhard Pfeiffer.\n- After leaving Compaq, Canion founded Insource Technology Group and invested in Questia Media, Inc. He currently serves on multiple boards.\n- Canion published a memoir in 2013 about his career at Compaq and the development of the IBM PC compatible industry.",
    "Roger Moore (computer scientist)": "- Roger D. Moore was awarded the Grace Murray Hopper Award in 1973 for his work in the design and implementation of APL\\360, along with Larry Breed and Richard Lathwell.\n- Before I. P. Sharp Associates, Moore contributed to the SUBALGOL compiler at Stanford University and wrote the ALGOL 60 compiler for the Ferranti-Packard 6000 and the ICT 1900.\n- Moore was instrumental in the development of IPSANET, a private packet switching data network.\n- After retirement, Moore became interested in opera and chamber music and funded the composing of many works.\n- He has received several awards including the Roy Thomson Hall Award of Recognition and the University of Toronto Arbor Award.",
    "Rohini Kesavan Srihari": "\n\n- Rohini Kesavan Srihari is a computer scientist and entrepreneur.\n- She is the founder and CEO of Content Savvy Inc.\n- Srihari also founded Cymfony Inc. and Cymfony Net Private Limited in India.\n- She is a professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the University at Buffalo.\n- Srihari received her education from various locations including Lansing, Michigan, Kanpur India, and Waterloo, Ontario.\n- She has authored over 125 papers in Computer Science.\n- Cymfony Inc., founded by Srihari, applied information extraction technology to monitor brand performance, creating the field of brand analytics.\n- Srihari was named to the Women of Accomplishment Legacy Project.",
    "Roland Carl Backhouse": "\n\n- Roland Carl Backhouse is a British computer scientist and mathematician.\n- He is currently Emeritus Professor of Computing Science at the University of Nottingham.\n- Backhouse was born and raised in Middlesbrough, England and went to Churchill College, Cambridge for his undergraduate degree and Imperial College London for his Ph.D.\n- He has worked at various universities including Heriot-Watt University, University of Essex, University of Groningen, and Eindhoven University of Technology.\n- Backhouse has a strong interest in the mathematics of program construction and algorithmic problem solving.\n- He co-founded a biennial conference series on the Mathematics of Program Construction in 1989.\n- Backhouse has authored and edited numerous books, and has published several selected papers.\n- He is married to Hilary, and they have three sons. \n- Backhouse was a member of the International Federation for Information Processing IFIP working group which maintains the programming languages ALGOL 60 and ALGOL 68.",
    "Ron Rivest": "\n\n- Ronald Linn Rivest is a cryptographer and an Institute Professor at MIT.\n- He is a member of MIT's Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) and a member of MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL).\n- Rivest is one of the inventors of the RSA algorithm (along with Adi Shamir and Len Adleman).\n- He is the inventor of the symmetric key encryption algorithms RC2, RC4, RC5, and co-inventor of RC6.\n- Rivest also authored the MD2, MD4, MD5 and MD6 cryptographic hash functions.\n- Rivest earned a Bachelor's degree in Mathematics from Yale University and a Ph.D. degree in Computer Science from Stanford University.\n- At MIT, Rivest is a member of the Theory of Computation Group, and founder of MIT CSAIL's Cryptography and Information Security Group.\n- Rivest is a co-author of the textbook Introduction to Algorithms, and his other contributions include the paper \"Time Bounds for Selection.\"\n- Rivest developed the ThreeBallot voting system, a voting system that incorporates the ability for the voter to discern that their vote was counted while still protecting their voter privacy.\n- Rivest has research interests in algorithms, cryptography and voting, and his former doctoral students include Avrim Blum, Burt Kaliski, Anna Lysyanskaya, Ron Pinter, Robert Schapire, Alan Sherman, and Mona Singh.\n- Rivest is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, the National Academy of Sciences, and is a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery, the International Association for Cryptologic Research, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.\n- He has received several honors and awards, including the Turing Award and the MITX Lifetime Achievement Award.",
    "Ronald Stamper": "- Ronald K. Stamper is a British computer scientist and emeritus professor at the University of Twente.\n- He is known for his pioneering work in Organisational semiotics, a framework for designing and using computer-based information systems.\n- Stamper obtained his MA in Mathematics and Statistics at Oxford University in 1959 and started his career in industry before moving to academia in 1969.\n- In the 1970s, he joined the International Federation for Information Processing and contributed significantly to its 1998 publication of A Framework of Information System Concepts. The FRISCO Report.\n- Stamper's work uses semiotics to discuss and prescribe practical and theoretical methods for the design and use of information systems.\n- He created the MEASUR methodology and the SEDITA framework, which incorporate methods of problem articulation, semantic analysis, and norm analysis.\n- Stamper's research into LEGOL (for LEGally Oriented Language) led him to develop the idea of Norms and Affordances and incorporate the Speech Acts of Austin and Searle into his work.\n- Stamper's work has been published in various books, including Information, organisation and technology: Studies in organisational semiotics and Semiotic Methods for Enterprise Design and IT Applications.\n- His published articles cover topics such as \"Aspects of data semantics: names, species and complex physical objects\" and \"Organisational dynamics, social norms and information systems\".",
    "Rosemary Candlin": "\n\n- Rosemary Candlin is a crystallographer and computer scientist.\n- She worked at the University of Edinburgh Computer Science Department from 1968 to 1995.\n- Candlin helped design the department's curriculum and taught courses on real-time programming and parallel programming.\n- She worked on physics software for CERN after leaving the University of Edinburgh.\n- Candlin studied physics at the University of Cambridge and received a PhD in crystallography.\n- She was married to physicist David Candlin and has four children.\n- Candlin has published several papers on parallel programming and performance evaluation.",
    "Rudolf Bayer": "\n\n- Rudolf Bayer is a German computer scientist\n- He taught at the Technical University of Munich since 1972\n- He is known for inventing the B-tree, UB-tree, and red-black tree\n- He received the 2001 ACM SIGMOD Edgar F. Codd Innovations Award\n- In 2005 he was elected a fellow of the Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Informatik",
    "Rudy Rucker": "- Rudolf von Bitter Rucker is an American mathematician, computer scientist, and science-fiction author.\n- He's one of the founders of the cyberpunk literary movement.\n- Rucker is best known for his novels in the Ware Tetralogy, the first two of which won Philip K. Dick Awards.\n- He edited the science fiction webzine Flurb until its closure in 2014.\n- Rucker attended St. Xavier High School, then earned a BA in mathematics from Swarthmore College and MS and PhD degrees in mathematics from Rutgers University.\n- He taught mathematics at the State University of New York at Geneseo, Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg, and Randolph-Macon Women's College before becoming a full-time author and then a computer science professor at San Jos\u00e9 State University.\n- Rucker developed transrealism, a writing style that mixes science fiction with the author's own life experiences and perceptions.\n- He often uses his novels to explore scientific and mathematical ideas.\n- Rucker also wrote non-fiction books on mathematics, philosophy, and computer science.\n- He suffered a cerebral hemorrhage in 2008, prompting him to write his autobiography Nested Scrolls.\n- Rucker is a direct descendant of philosopher Georg Hegel.\n- His bibliography includes novels, short fiction, non-fiction, and works he edited.",
    "R\u00f3zsa P\u00e9ter": "\n\n- R\u00f3zsa P\u00e9ter was a Hungarian mathematician and logician.\n- She is known as the \"founding mother of recursion theory\".\n- P\u00e9ter attended P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter University, initially studying chemistry before switching to mathematics.\n- She worked with L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Kalm\u00e1r, who encouraged her to pursue mathematics.\n- P\u00e9ter presented her paper on recursive theory, \"Rekursive Funktionen\", to the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1932.\n- She received her PhD summa cum laude in 1935 and presented a paper entitled \"\u00dcber rekursive Funktionen der zweiten Stufe\" to the International Congress of Mathematicians in Oslo in 1936.\n- After the passage of Jewish Laws of 1939 in Hungary, P\u00e9ter was briefly confined to a ghetto in Budapest.\n- P\u00e9ter wrote her book Playing with Infinity: Mathematical Explorations and Excursions during World War II.\n- She was the first Hungarian woman to be made an Academic Doctor of Mathematics in 1952.\n- P\u00e9ter published her key work Rekursive Funktionen in 1951, the first book on modern logic by a female author.\n- She applied recursive function theory to computers in the mid-1950s.\n- P\u00e9ter's final book, Rekursive Funktionen in der Komputer-Theorie, was published in 1976.\n- P\u00e9ter was awarded the Kossuth Prize in 1951 and became the first woman elected to the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 1973.",
    "Sally Floyd": "\n\n- Sally Jean Floyd was an American computer scientist specializing in computer networking.\n- She was born on May 20, 1950, in Virginia and died on August 25, 2019, in Berkeley, California.\n- Floyd received a sociology degree from the University of California - Berkeley and later received her MS and PhD in Computer Science from the same institution.\n- She was associated with the International Computer Science Institute in Berkeley and is best known for her work on Internet congestion control, including the invention of the Random Early Detection (RED) scheme.\n- Floyd was a co-author on several standard protocols including TCP Selective acknowledgement (SACK), Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN), Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP), and TCP Friendly Rate Control (TFRC).\n- She won the 2005 IEEE Internet Award and the prestigious 2007 ACM SIGCOMM Award for her contributions to congestion control.\n- Floyd was married to Carole Leita and died at the age of 69 from gallbladder cancer that had metastasized.\n- Some of her notable papers include \"Random Early Detection Gateways for Congestion Avoidance\" and \"Why We Don't Know How to Simulate the Internet\".\n- She received the IEEE Communications Society's William R. Bennett Prize Paper Award for the latter paper in 2001.",
    "Salvatore Stolfo": "\n\n- Salvatore J. Stolfo is a professor of computer science at Columbia University specializing in computer security.\n- He received a Bachelor of Science degree in Computer Science and Mathematics from Brooklyn College in 1974 and a Ph.D. from NYU Courant Institute in 1979.\n- Stolfo has received close to $50M in funding for research that has broadly focused on Security, Intrusion Detection, Anomaly Detection, Machine Learning, including early work in parallel computing and artificial intelligence.\n- He has published or co-authored over 250 papers and has over 21,000 citations with an H-index of 67.\n- He proposed a project with DARPA in 1996 that applies machine learning to behavioral patterns to detect fraud or intrusion in networks.\n- He founded Red Balloon Security in 2011, a cyber security company that developed a symbiote technology called FRAK as a host defense for embedded systems under the sponsorship of DARPA's Cyber Fast Track program.\n- He also founded Allure Security Technologies using active behavioral authentication and decoy technology.\n- Stolfo's company Electronic Digital Documents produced a \u201cDataBlade\u201d technology, which Informix marketed.\n- System Detection was one of the companies founded by Prof. Stolfo to commercialize the Anomaly Detection technology developed in the IDS lab. The company ultimately reorganized and was rebranded as Trusted Computer Solutions. That company was recently acquired by Raytheon. \n- Stolfo was elevated to IEEE Fellow in 2018 and elected as an ACM Fellow in 2019 for his contributions to machine-learning-based cybersecurity and parallel hardware for database inference systems.",
    "Samir Das": "\n\n- Samir R. Das is an Indian-American Stony Brook University professor.\n- He attended Jadavpur University and Indian Institute of Science.\n- He was associated with Indian Statistical Institute in Kolkata.\n- He obtained his Ph.D. from the Georgia Institute of Technology.\n- He was former faculty at University of Texas at San Antonio and University of Cincinnati.\n- He conducted research in computer science particularly in wireless networking.\n- His work Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) was cited over 26,000+ times.\n- Many of his research works are highly cited, giving him an h-index of 54.",
    "Samson Abramsky": "- Samson Abramsky is a Professor of Computer Science at University College London.\n- He was previously the Christopher Strachey Professor of Computing at the University of Oxford from 2000 to 2021.\n- Abramsky has made contributions to domain theory, lazy lambda calculus, strictness analysis, concurrency theory, interaction categories, geometry of interaction, game semantics, and quantum computing.\n- He has applied methods from categorical semantics to finite model theory with applications to descriptive complexity.\n- Abramsky was educated at Hasmonean Grammar School for Boys, Hendon, King's College, Cambridge, and Queen Mary, University of London.\n- His research includes game semantics, domain theory in logical form, and categorical quantum mechanics.\n- Abramsky has published over 200 publications, including co-editing six volumes of Handbook of Logic in Computer Science.\n- He has won various awards such as the BCS Lovelace Medal in 2013 and the LiCS Test-of-Time award in 2007.\n- Abramsky is a Fellow of the Royal Society, Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and Member of Academia Europaea.\n- His nomination for the Royal Society recognizes his contributions to the mathematical foundations of computation, particularly the development of game semantics and his generalization of Girard's geometry of interaction.",
    "Sanjay Ghemawat": "- Sanjay Ghemawat is an Indian American computer scientist and software engineer.\n- He is currently a Senior Fellow at Google in the Systems Infrastructure Group.\n- Ghemawat's work at Google includes the development of MapReduce, the Google File System, and databases Bigtable and Spanner.\n- He was elected as a member into the National Academy of Engineering in 2009.\n- Ghemawat obtained a PhD from MIT in 1995, with a dissertation titled \"The Modified Object Buffer: A Storage Management Technique for Object-Oriented Databases\".\n- Before joining Google, Ghemawat worked at the DEC Systems Research Center and collaborated with Jeff Dean.\n- He and Dean received the ACM Prize in Computing for their work on internet infrastructure and the ACM SIGOPS Mark Weiser Award in 2012.\n- Ghemawat has authored several publications on Google's systems, including MapReduce, the Google File System, and Bigtable.",
    "Sanjeev Arora": "\n\n- Sanjeev Arora is an Indian American theoretical computer scientist.\n- He was a visiting scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in 2002-03 and was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 2008.\n- Arora was awarded the ACM Infosys Foundation Award in 2011 for mid-career researchers in Computer Science.\n- He was awarded the Fulkerson Prize in 2012 for his work on improving the approximation ratio for graph separators and related problems jointly with Satish Rao and Umesh Vazirani.\n- Arora became a Simons Investigator in 2012 and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2018.\n- He is a co-author of the book \"Computational Complexity: A Modern Approach\" with Boaz Barak.\n- Arora is a founder and on the Executive Board of Princeton's Center for Computational Intractability.\n- Arora and his co-authors have argued that certain financial products are associated with computational asymmetry, which may lead to market instability.",
    "Sankar Pal": "- Sankar Kumar Pal is a computer scientist and the current President of the Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata.\n- He has a focus on fuzzy neural network, soft computing, and machine intelligence research.\n- Pal founded the Machine Intelligence Unit in 1993 and the Center for Soft Computing Research: A National Facility in 2004, both at the ISI.\n- He is the founder president of the Indian National Academy of Engineering, Kolkata Chapter.\n- Pal has received numerous awards, including the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize in 1990 and the Padma Shri award in 2013.\n- He has authored over 21 books and 450 research publications, and his work has been cited over 35,000 times.\n- Pal is an elected Fellow of multiple academies and societies, and currently, he is the President of Indian Statistical Institute.",
    "Sargur Srihari": "\n\n- Sargur Narasimhamurthy Srihari was a computer scientist and educator.\n- He contributed to the field of pattern recognition, especially in handwritten address reading and computer forensics.\n- Srihari received his Master's and Doctoral degrees in Computer and Information Science from Ohio State University.\n- He founded the Center of Excellence for Document Analysis and Recognition (CEDAR).\n- CEDAR developed the first handwritten address interpretation system in the world, which was deployed by several postal services.\n- Srihari's work on handwriting recognition also led to the first handwriting verification and identification system (CEDAR-FOX).\n- He established international conferences on document analysis and recognition and computational forensics.\n- Srihari published a landmark study in 2002 that established the individuality of handwriting and extended this research to shoe-print and fingerprint recognition.\n- He served on the National Academy of Sciences Committee on Identifying the Needs of the Forensic Science Community, leading to a highly influential report published in 2009.\n- Srihari died in 2022 at the age of 72 from complications of glioblastoma.\n- He was an IEEE Fellow and an IAPR Fellow and received the Outstanding Achievements Award of IAPR/ICDAR in 2011.",
    "Sarita Schoenebeck": "\n\n- Sarita Yardi Schoenebeck is a computer scientist and Director of the Living Online Lab at the University of Michigan.\n- Her research focuses on human-computer interaction, social media, and social computing.\n- She has studied ways to reduce online harassment and promote justice online, including the effectiveness of community-centered approaches.\n- Schoenebeck has also explored what young people expect from their parents regarding social media use.\n- In 2017, she was awarded the University of Michigan School of Information Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Award for her work on LGBTQ+ families and online communities.\n- She has received several other awards, including the National Science Foundation CAREER award and the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation Fellowship.\n- Schoenebeck has a son.",
    "Schahram Dustdar": "\n\n\u2022 Schahram Dustdar is an Austrian computer scientist\n\u2022 He is known for his work on distributed systems and elastic computing\n\u2022 Dustdar is a professor of computer science at TU Wien\n\u2022 He is also the head of the Distributed Systems Group at TU Wien\n\u2022 Dustdar was named Fellow of the IEEE in 2016 \n\u2022 This was for contributions to elastic computing for cloud applications.",
    "Scott Fahlman": "\n\n- Scott Elliott Fahlman is a computer scientist and Professor Emeritus at Carnegie Mellon University's Language Technologies Institute and Computer Science Department.\n- He has notable work on automated planning and scheduling, semantic networks, neural networks, and the programming languages Dylan, and Common Lisp.\n- He was one of the founders of Lucid Inc.\n- From 2006 to 2015, Fahlman was engaged in developing a knowledge base named Scone.\n- He is credited with coining the use of the emoticon :-).\n- Fahlman received a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) and Master of Science (M.S.) degree in electrical engineering and computer science from MIT, and a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in artificial intelligence in 1977.\n- He acted as thesis advisor for several individuals over the course of his career.\n- Fahlman directed the Justsystem Pittsburgh Research Center from May 1996 to July 2001.",
    "Scott Shenker": "\n\n- Scott J. Shenker is an American computer scientist and professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley.\n- He is the leader of the Extensible Internet Group at the International Computer Science Institute in Berkeley, California.\n- Shenker has made research contributions in energy-efficient processor scheduling, resource sharing, and software-defined networking.\n- He received the SIGCOMM Award in 2002 in recognition of his contributions to Internet design and architecture, fostering research collaboration, and commitment to intellectual rigor in networking research. \n- Shenker is an ISI Highly Cited researcher, one of the five highest-ranked American computer scientists, with total citations exceeding 100,000.\n- He received his Sc.B. in physics from Brown University in 1978, and his PhD in physics from University of Chicago in 1983, and an honorary doctorate from the same university in 2007.\n- He is a Fellow of the ACM and IEEE and a member of the National Academy of Engineering.\n- Shenker is a leader in the movement towards software-defined networking (SDN), co-founder of the Open Networking Foundation, and of Nicira Networks.\n- Shenker and colleague Ion Stoica are among Berkeley's top benefactors, after donating $25 million towards computing and data science initiatives.\n- Some of his notable publications include studies on distributed algorithmic mechanism design, fair queueing algorithms, and analysis of a scalable content-addressable network.",
    "Sebastian Thrun": "\n\n- Sebastian Thrun is a German-American entrepreneur, educator, and computer scientist.\n- He is currently the CEO of Kitty Hawk Corporation and the chairman and co-founder of Udacity.\n- Thrun was previously a Google VP and Fellow and a Professor of Computer Science at Stanford University and Carnegie Mellon University.\n- He is also an adjunct professor at Stanford University and Georgia Tech.\n- Thrun led the development of the robotic vehicle Stanley, which won the 2005 DARPA Grand Challenge and is on exhibit at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History.\n- He also led the development of Google's self-driving car.\n- Thrun is known for his work on probabilistic algorithms for robotics, specifically in robotic mapping.\n- He was elected into the National Academy of Engineering and the Academy of Sciences Leopoldina in 2007.\n- The Guardian recognized him as one of 20 \"fighters for internet freedom.\"\n- Thrun holds a Diplom and Ph.D. in computer science and statistics from the University of Bonn.\n- He co-founded the Master's Program in Automated Learning and Discovery at Carnegie Mellon University and later became the Finmeccanica Associate Professor of Computer Science and Robotics.\n- Thrun left CMU in 2003 to become an associate professor at Stanford University where he developed the robot Stanley, which won the DARPA Grand Challenge.\n- In 2011, Thrun joined Google as a Google Fellow and co-founded Udacity.\n- Thrun contributed to the area of probabilistic robotics, which uses statistics and robotics to make robots more accurate and efficient.\n- He has received numerous awards, including the inaugural AAAI Ed Feigenbaum Prize and the 2012 Smithsonian American Ingenuity Award in the Education category.",
    "Serge Abiteboul": "\n\n- Serge Joseph Abiteboul is a French computer scientist born in Paris in 1953.\n- He studied at the T\u00e9l\u00e9com Paris engineering school and received his PhD from the University of Southern California.\n- Abiteboul is a senior researcher at the French national research institute INRIA and a professor at the Coll\u00e8ge de France.\n- He has made significant contributions in the areas of finite model theory, database theory, and data management.\n- Abiteboul is the most highly cited researcher in the data management area who works in a European institution, according to Citeseer.\n- He is also the author of two books and is a frequent contributor to French newspapers.\n- Abiteboul has been critical of virtual assistants and an advocate for net neutrality.\n- He was awarded several awards including the ACM SIGMOD Test of Time Award, the Prix EADS, and the ACM PODS Alberto O. Mendelzon Test-of-Time Award.\n- Abiteboul was elected a member of the French Academy of Sciences, the European Academy of Sciences, and an ACM Fellow.",
    "Sergiy Vilkomir": "\n\n- Sergiy A. Vilkomir was a Ukrainian-born computer scientist.\n- He studied at Kharkov State University and Kharkov Polytechnic Institute in Ukraine before working at various institutes related to nuclear power plant safety.\n- In 2000, he became a Research Fellow at the Centre for Applied Formal Methods at London South Bank University before moving to the University of Wollongong in Australia and then to the University of Limerick in Ireland.\n- He joined the University of Tennessee as a Research Associate Professor in 2007 before becoming an associate professor at East Carolina University in 2008, where he achieved academic tenure in 2012 and was Head of the Software Testing Research Group (STRG).\n- Vilkomir's main research contributions have been in the formalization of software testing, particularly in the development of reinforced condition/decision coverage (RC/DC).\n- He was awarded the Google Faculty Research Award for 2010\u201311, the East Carolina University Scholar-Teacher Award in 2015, and the UNC Board of Governors Distinguished Professor of Teaching Award in 2017.\n- He published several papers on software testing criteria, including \"Formalization of software testing criteria using the Z notation\" and \"Reinforced condition/decision coverage (RC/DC): A new criterion for software testing\".\n- Vilkomir died on February 9, 2020. He was married to Tetyana Vilkomir.",
    "Severo Ornstein": "\n\n- Severo M. Ornstein is a retired computer scientist and son of American composer Leo Ornstein.\n- He joined MIT's Lincoln Laboratory in 1955 as a programmer and designer for the SAGE air-defense system.\n- Ornstein joined the team that designed the LINC computer and became one of the principal designers of macromodules at Washington University in St. Louis.\n- He joined Bolt, Beranek and Newman where he was responsible for the design of the communication interfaces and other special hardware for the Interface Message Processor of the ARPANET.\n- Ornstein headed the first delegation of U.S. computer scientists to the People's Republic of China in 1972.\n- He worked at Xerox PARC where he implemented a computer interface to an early laser printer and co-led the team that built the Dorado computer.\n- Ornstein co-designed Mockingbird, the first interactive computer-based music-score editor.\n- He was instrumental in starting Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility (CPSR) in 1980.\n- Ornstein wrote an autobiography describing his experiences in computer science, published in 2002.",
    "Seymour Ginsburg": "- Seymour Ginsburg was a pioneer of automata theory, formal language theory, and database theory in computer science. \n- He earned a Ph.D. in Mathematics from the University of Michigan in 1952. \n- Ginsburg established the computer science department at USC in 1968 and was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1974. \n- He made significant contributions to automata theory, formal language theory, and database theory, publishing over 100 papers and three books. \n- Ginsburg's work helped distinguish theoretical computer science from other disciplines like mathematics and electrical engineering. \n- He mentored and supported younger researchers, including Jonathan Goldstine, Sheila Greibach, Michael A. Harrison, Richard Hull, and Jeff Ullman. \n- His contributions to formal language theory included examining the relationships between grammar-based systems, acceptor-based systems, and algebraic characterizations of families of languages. \n- In the field of database theory, he worked on functional dependency, object histories, spreadsheet histories, Datalog, and data restructuring. \n- Ginsburg's work continues to serve as a standard for many computer scientists working in the field of formal languages and automata.",
    "Shafi Goldwasser": "\n\n- Shafrira Goldwasser is an Israeli-American computer scientist and winner of the Turing Award in 2012.\n- She is the RSA Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at MIT, a professor of mathematical sciences at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, co-founder and chief scientist of Duality Technologies and the director of the Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing at the University of California, Berkeley.\n- Goldwasser obtained her Bachelor of Science degree in 1979 in mathematics and science from Carnegie Mellon University and a PhD in computer science from the University of California, Berkeley in 1984.\n- Her research areas include computational complexity theory, cryptography and computational number theory.\n- Goldwasser is the co-inventor of probabilistic encryption and zero-knowledge proofs, and has made important contributions to complexity theory and secure computation.\n- She has received numerous awards and honors, including the Turing Award, the G\u00f6del Prize, the Franklin Institute's Benjamin Franklin Medal, and the L'Or\u00e9al-UNESCO for Women in Science Award.\n- Goldwasser has also been elected to several prestigious academies, including the National Academy of Engineering, the National Academy of Sciences, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.",
    "Shakuntala Atre": "\n\n- Shakuntala (Shaku) Atre is an Indian data scientist and American businesswoman.\n- She worked for IBM for 14 years before starting her own firm.\n- Atre published the book \"Database: Structured Techniques for Design, Performance, and Management: With Case Studies\" in 1980, which was one of the first books on managing databases.\n- She also co-authored the book \"Business Intelligence Roadmap: The Complete Project Lifecycle for Decision-Support Applications\" with Larissa Moss in 2003.\n- Atre has served as an adjunct professor of data science at the University of Pune and several institutions in the United States.\n- Her works, including her books, have been used as university textbooks.\n- Atre was born in 1940 in India and studied mathematics, statistics, and computer programming.\n- She moved to the United States in 1971 with her husband and began working for IBM.\n- Atre left IBM in 1981 to start her own consulting firm and later sold it to Computer Assistance, Inc. She then negotiated a joint-venture with Intec, Inc.\n- Atre has published several other books and articles and has been a contributing editor to the journal DBMS.",
    "Shang-Hua Teng": "\n\n- Shang-Hua Teng is a Chinese-American computer scientist.\n- He is the Seeley G. Mudd Professor of Computer Science and Mathematics at the University of Southern California.\n- Teng previously served as the chairman of the Computer Science Department at the Viterbi School of Engineering of the University of Southern California.\n- Teng obtained his BA in electrical engineering and BS in computer science from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1985.\n- He holds a Ph.D. in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University.\n- Teng has worked at Xerox PARC, NASA Ames Research Center, Intel Corporation, IBM Almaden Research Center, Akamai Technologies, Microsoft Research Redmond, Microsoft Research New England and Microsoft Research Asia.\n- Teng has won the G\u00f6del Prize twice and the Fulkerson Prize.\n- He is a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) and an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow.\n- Teng was named a SIAM Fellow in the 2021 class of fellows.\n- Teng married Diana Irene Williams, then a Ph.D. student of history at Harvard University in 2003.",
    "Shashi Shekhar (scientist)": "- Shashi Shekhar is a scholar of spatial computing, spatial data science, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS).\n- His contributions include scalable roadmap storage methods and algorithms for eco-routing, evacuation route planning, and spatial pattern mining.\n- He has authored an Encyclopedia of GIS, a Spatial Databases textbook, and a spatial computing book for professionals.\n- Shekhar holds a B.Tech. in Computer Science from IIT Kanpur and a Ph.D. in Computer Science from UC Berkeley.\n- His research aims to understand the structure of big spatial computations underlying societal grand challenges.\n- Shekhar has served as a co-editor in chief of Geo-Informatica journal and as the President of the University Consortium for GIS (UCGIS).\n- He has received numerous awards and honors, including the IEEE Computer Society's Technical Achievement Award and the UCGIS Education Award.",
    "Sheila Greibach": "\n\n- Sheila Adele Greibach is a researcher in formal languages in computing, automata, compiler theory, and computer science.\n- She is an Emeritus Professor of Computer Science at the University of California, Los Angeles.\n- Her notable work includes working with Seymour Ginsburg and Michael A. Harrison in context-sensitive parsing using the stack automaton model.\n- She established the normal form (Greibach normal form) for context-free grammars in 1965 and also investigated properties of W-grammars, pushdown automata, and decidability problems.\n- Greibach earned an A.B. degree (summa cum laude) in Linguistics and Applied Mathematics from Radcliffe College in 1960.\n- In 1963, she was awarded a PhD at Harvard University, advised by Anthony Oettinger, with a PhD thesis entitled \"Inverses of Phrase Structure Generators\".\n- Among her students were Ronald V. Book and Michael J. Fischer.\n- Her co-authored works include papers on multitape AFA, superdeterministic PDAs, and stack automata and compiling.\n- Her work has been published in the ACM Digital Library and FOCS Bibliography by David M. Jones, among other journals and publications.\n- She has also published a book, \"Formal parsing systems\", in August 1964, in Communications of the ACM, Volume 7 Issue 8.\n- Greibach has contributed significantly to the field of formal languages and has established concepts such as the Greibach normal form, the abstract family of acceptors, and Greibach's theorem.",
    "Shimon Even": "\n\n- Shimon Even was an Israeli computer science researcher.\n- His main topics of interest were algorithms, graph theory and cryptography.\n- He was a member of the Computer Science Department at the Technion since 1974.\n- He wrote the books Algorithmic Combinatorics and Graph Algorithms.\n- He was the PhD advisor of Oded Goldreich, a prominent cryptographer.\n- He was associated with the concept of Oblivious Transfer.\n- There is a memorial page and a bibliography of his work available online.",
    "Shlomo Zilberstein": "\n\n- Shlomo Zilberstein is a computer scientist, Israeli-American.\n- He is a Professor of Computer Science and Associate Dean for Research and Engagement in the College of Information and Computer Sciences at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst.\n- Zilberstein is known for his work in artificial intelligence, anytime algorithms, multi-agent systems, and automated planning and scheduling algorithms.\n- He is the director of the Resource-Bounded Reasoning Laboratory at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst.\n- Together with other researchers, Zilberstein introduced the Decentralized POMDP model, which extends the single-agent POMDP model to a multi-agent scenario.\n- Zilberstein has received several awards, including the RIA, CAREER, and ITR awards from the National Science Foundation and being elected as a fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence in 2011 and of the Association for Computing Machinery in 2021.\n- He has published several papers on the topics of automated planning, decision theory, heuristic search, and reinforcement learning.",
    "Shmuel Winograd": "\n\n- Shmuel Winograd was an Israeli-American computer scientist who contributed extensively to computational complexity.\n- He proved major results in arithmetic computation, including the Coppersmith-Winograd algorithm and a fast Fourier transform algorithm.\n- Winograd received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering from MIT and his Ph.D. from NYU's Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences.\n- He worked at IBM from 1961 to 1994 and was director of the Mathematical Sciences Department there from 1970 to 1974 and 1980 to 1994.\n- Winograd received numerous honors and awards during his career, including being made an IBM Fellow in 1972 and being elected as a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1978.\n- He authored a book called \"Arithmetic complexity of computations\" as part of the CBMS-NSF regional conference series in applied mathematics.\n- References are included.",
    "Silvio Micali": "\n\n- Silvio Micali is an Italian computer scientist and professor at MIT.\n- He is the founder of Algorand, a blockchain cryptocurrency protocol.\n- Micali's research focuses on cryptography and information security.\n- He graduated from La Sapienza University of Rome and earned a PhD from UC Berkeley.\n- Micali co-founded CoreStreet Ltd and Peppercoin in the early 2000s.\n- He received multiple awards, including the Turing Award in 2012 and the G\u00f6del Prize in 1993.\n- Micali is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.",
    "Simon Peyton Jones": "\n\n- Simon Peyton Jones is a British computer scientist specializing in functional programming languages.\n- He graduated from the University of Cambridge with a Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical Sciences in 1979 and completed the Cambridge Diploma in Computer Science in 1980.\n- He worked as a lecturer at University College London and as a professor at the University of Glasgow before working as a researcher at Microsoft Research from 1998 to 2021 and as an engineering fellow at Epic Games since 2021.\n- Peyton Jones is a lead developer of the Glasgow Haskell Compiler and a co-creator of the C-- programming language.\n- He chairs the Computing At School group and was appointed chair of the UK National Centre for Computing Education in 2019.\n- Peyton Jones has contributed to the development of new Microsoft Excel features since 2003.\n- He has been honored with numerous awards and recognitions, including induction as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 2004 and membership in the Academia Europaea in 2011.\n- He was awarded honorary doctorates from the University of Glasgow in 2013 and the University of Kent in 2017.\n- He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2016 and a Distinguished Fellow of the British Computer Society in 2017.\n- In 2022, he was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire for services to education and computer science.",
    "Sjaak Brinkkemper": "\n\n- Jacobus Nicolaas Brinkkemper is a Dutch computer scientist and full professor of organization and information at the Department of Information and Computing Sciences of Utrecht University.\n- He received his BA from the University of Amsterdam and MSc from Radboud University Nijmegen in Mathematics.\n- In 1990, he received his PhD from Radboud University Nijmegen for his thesis on Formalisation of information systems modelling, supervised by Eckhard Falkenberg and Alex Verrijn Stuart.\n- Brinkkemper has been a member of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) WG 8.1 working group on information systems design and evaluation since 1989.\n- His research interests include methodology of product software development, software implementation, methods, requirements management, method engineering, information systems methodology, and system development tools.\n- Brinkkemper has published books, papers, and articles related to his research interests, including Formalisation of information systems modelling, Metrics in Method Engineering, and Information systems engineering: state of the art and research themes.\n- He is a member of the editorial boards of several journals, including Business Informatics and European Journal of Information Systems.\n- Brinkkemper leads a group of approximately twenty researchers specialized in product software development and entrepreneurship at Utrecht University. \n- His work includes developing best practices for business and systems analysis in projects conforming to enterprise architecture. \n- Links to his staff and personal web pages at Utrecht University are provided.",
    "Sophie Wilson": "\n\n- Sophie Mary Wilson is an English computer scientist born as Roger Wilson in June 1957.\n- She designed a microcomputer during a break from studies at Selwyn College, Cambridge.\n- Wilson joined Acorn Computers in 1978 and was instrumental in designing the BBC Micro and BBC BASIC programming language.\n- She began designing the ARM reduced instruction set computer (RISC) in 1983, which became the most widely used processor architecture in smartphones.\n- Wilson is currently a director at the technology conglomerate Broadcom Inc.\n- She has received several awards including the Fellow Award by the Computer History Museum, the Lovie Lifetime Achievement Award and was made a Commander of the British Empire in 2019.\n- Sophie Wilson underwent gender reassignment surgery and transitioned from male to female in 1994.\n- She is involved in photography and local theater, and has acted in a number of productions.",
    "Stanley Zdonik": "\n\n- Stanley Zdonik is a computer scientist specializing in database management systems.\n- He is a tenured professor of computer science at Brown University.\n- Zdonik completed multiple degrees from MIT including two bachelor's and two master's degrees.\n- He has over 100 peer-reviewed papers in the database field and was named an ACM Fellow in 2006.\n- Zdonik co-founded StreamBase and Vertica, and is a technical advisor for Attivio.\n- He has been involved in the development of several notable database projects, including the Aurora and Borealis stream processing engines, the C-Store column store database, and the H-Store parallel, main memory OLTP system.\n- Outside of academia, Zdonik taught novice automobile maintenance on an episode of Car Talk.",
    "Stephen C. Johnson": "\n\n- Stephen Curtis Johnson, also known as Steve Johnson, is a computer scientist.\n- Johnson worked at Bell Labs and AT&T for nearly 20 years, alongside prominent computer scientists like Jeffrey Ullman, Dennis Ritchie, and Alfred Aho.\n- He is best known for developing Yacc, Lint, spell, and the Portable C Compiler.\n- Johnson joined several startups after leaving Bell Labs and worked on compilers, 2D and 3D graphics, massively parallel computing, and embedded systems.\n- Johnson served on the USENIX board for ten years and was president for four years in the early 1990s.\n- He worked at MathWorks, where he helped maintain the front end of the MATLAB programming language and built a lint product called M-Lint.\n- Johnson currently works on machine learning at Wave Computing.",
    "Stephen Cole Kleene": "\n\n- Stephen Cole Kleene was an American mathematician and a student of Alonzo Church.\n- Kleene is known as a founder of recursion theory, which helped to provide the foundations of theoretical computer science.\n- He developed important concepts in recursive function theory, including the Kleene normal form theorem, the Kleene recursive theorem, and the Kleene-Post theory of degrees of unsolvability.\n- Kleene also made significant contributions to the foundations of mathematical intuitionism and invented regular expressions in 1951.\n- He received a bachelor's degree from Amherst College and a Ph.D. in mathematics from Princeton University.\n- Kleene spent nearly his entire career at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, where he served as a professor, department chair, and Dean of the College of Letters and Science.\n- He received the National Medal of Science in 1990 and is remembered through the Kleene award for the best student paper given at the Symposium on Logic in Computer Science.\n- Kleene's publications include \"Introduction to Metamathematics\" and \"Mathematical Logic\", among others.",
    "Stephen Cook": "\n\n- Stephen Cook is an American-Canadian computer scientist and mathematician who is a university professor at the University of Toronto, Department of Computer Science and Department of Mathematics.\n- He received his bachelor's degree from the University of Michigan, and his master's degree and PhD from Harvard University, respectively in 1962 and 1966.\n- Cook made significant contributions to the fields of complexity theory and proof complexity.\n- Cook is considered one of the forefathers of computational complexity theory.\n- Cook formalized the notions of polynomial-time reduction and NP-completeness and proved the existence of an NP-complete problem in his seminal 1971 paper \"The Complexity of Theorem Proving Procedures.\"\n- Cook conjectures that there are optimization problems that cannot be solved by efficient algorithms, i.e., P is not equal to NP, which has generated a great deal of research in computational complexity theory.\n- Cook won the ACM Turing Award in 1982 and was granted the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award 2015 in the Information and Communication Technologies category.\n- He is a fellow of the Royal Society of London and Royal Society of Canada, and he was elected to membership in the National Academy of Sciences (United States) and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.\n- Cook has supervised numerous MSc students, and 36 PhD students have completed their degrees under his supervision.\n- Cook lives with his wife in Toronto and enjoys playing the violin and sailing.",
    "Stephen Muggleton": "- Stephen H. Muggleton is a Professor of Machine Learning and Head of the Computational Bioinformatics Laboratory at Imperial College London.\n- He received his Bachelor of Science degree in computer science and Doctor of Philosophy in artificial intelligence from the University of Edinburgh.\n- Muggleton worked as a postdoctoral research associate at the Turing Institute in Glasgow and later an EPSRC Advanced Research Fellow at Oxford University Computing Laboratory, where he founded the Machine Learning Group.\n- He is known for founding the field of Inductive logic programming and has made contributions to theory and systems development in this field.\n- Muggleton worked on a Robot Scientist together with Ross D. King that is capable of combining Inductive Logic Programming with active learning.\n- His present work focuses on developing Meta-Interpretive Learning, a new form of Inductive Logic Programming that supports predicate invention and learning of recursive programs.",
    "Stephen R. Bourne": "\n\n- Stephen Richard \"Steve\" Bourne is an English computer scientist based in the United States.\n- He is known for creating the Bourne shell (sh), which is the foundation for the standard command-line interfaces to Unix.\n- He has a Bachelor of Science degree in mathematics and a Ph.D. in mathematics from Trinity College, Cambridge.\n- Bourne worked on an ALGOL 68 compiler at the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory and spent nine years at Bell Labs with the Seventh Edition Unix team.\n- Besides the Bourne shell, he wrote the adb debugger and The Unix System.\n- After Bell Labs, Bourne worked in senior engineering management positions at Silicon Graphics, Digital Equipment Corporation, Sun Microsystems, and Cisco Systems.\n- He was involved with developing international standards in programming and informatics, as a member of the International Federation for Information Processing.\n- Bourne was president of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) from 2000 to 2002 and has received multiple awards from the ACM.\n- He is also a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society and the chairperson of the editorial advisory board for ACM Queue.",
    "Stephen Wolfram": "\n\n- Stephen Wolfram is a British-American computer scientist, physicist, and businessman.\n- He is known for his work in computer science, mathematics, and theoretical physics, and was named a fellow of the American Mathematical Society in 2012.\n- He is the founder and CEO of the software company Wolfram Research, where he works as chief designer of Mathematica and the Wolfram Alpha answer engine.\n- Wolfram was born in London in 1959 to German Jewish refugees to the United Kingdom.\n- He was educated at Eton College and St. John's College, Oxford, where he left prematurely in 1978 to attend Caltech, where he received a PhD in particle physics.\n- Wolfram joined the faculty at Caltech and became the youngest recipient of a MacArthur Fellowship in 1981, at age 21.\n- He started to develop the computer algebra system Mathematica in 1986, which was first released in 1988, and founded Wolfram Research the same year. \n- From 1992 to 2002, Wolfram worked on his controversial book A New Kind of Science, which presents an empirical study of simple computational systems.\n- In 2009, Wolfram announced Wolfram Alpha, an answer engine, which launched later that year.\n- In 2014, Wolfram officially announced the Wolfram Language as a new general multi-paradigm programming language, and in 2020, he announced the Wolfram Physics Project as an effort to reduce and explain all the laws of physics.\n- Wolfram is involved in personal analytics and was a scientific consultant for the 2016 film Arrival.\n- He has published several books and papers on various topics, including A New Kind of Science, Cellular Automata and Complexity, and Combinators: A Centennial View.",
    "Steve Lawrence (computer scientist)": "\n\n- Steve Lawrence is an Australian computer scientist\n- He was part of the group at NEC Research that created CiteSeer\n- He worked at Google and developed Google Desktop\n- He is a co-founder and CTO at Xoo\n- Lawrence received degrees from Queensland University of Technology and the University of Queensland\n- He has served on program committees for conferences and is a reviewer for many journals\n- His research interests include information retrieval, digital libraries, and machine learning\n- He has published over 50 papers in these areas, including in Science, Nature, CACM, and IEEE Computer\n- He has been interviewed by over 100 news organizations and has received several awards and honors\n- External links include his bibliography server and the Internet Archive copy of his old NEC Research homepage",
    "Steve Omohundro": "- Stephen Malvern Omohundro is an American computer scientist\n- Areas of research include Hamiltonian physics, dynamical systems, programming languages, machine learning, machine vision, and the social implications of artificial intelligence\n- Holds degrees in physics and mathematics from Stanford University (Phi Beta Kappa) and a Ph.D. in physics from the University of California, Berkeley\n- Started the \"Vision and Learning Group\" at the University of Illinois and developed various learning algorithms\n- Founded Self-Aware Systems in Palo Alto to research the technology and social implications of self-improving artificial intelligence \n- Advises the Machine Intelligence Research Institute on artificial intelligence safety \n- Co-developed Star Lisp, the first programming language for the Connection Machine, and led the development of the open source programming language Sather at ICSI \n- Described natural Hamiltonian symplectic structures for a wide range of physical models and showed that there exist smooth partial differential equations which stably perform universal computation by simulating arbitrary cellular automata\n- Developed an extension to the game theoretic pirate puzzle featured in Scientific American\n- Has warned about the \"autonomous weapons arms race\" due to the rapid development of autonomous systems driven by military and economic pressures.",
    "Steve Schneider (computer scientist)": "\n\n- Steve Schneider is an English computer scientist and Professor of Security.\n- He studied at Oxford University and earned his Doctorate in CSP in 1989.\n- Schneider was a lecturer at Royal Holloway, University of London and became a professor in 2002.\n- In 2004, he joined the University of Surrey and later became the head of the Department of Computer Science until 2010.\n- Schneider is an expert in formal methods, including CSP and the B-Method, and computer security.\n- He has authored several books, including \"Concurrent and Real Time Systems: the CSP Approach,\" \"Modelling and Analysis of Security Protocols,\" and \"The B-Method: An Introduction.\" \n- Schneider is the Director of the Surrey Centre for Cyber Security and Associate Dean (Research and Enterprise) at the University of Surrey.",
    "Steve Ward (computer scientist)": "\n\n- Steve Ward is a professor at MIT in the field of computer science and engineering.\n- He holds three degrees from MIT, including a PhD in Computer Science.\n- Ward's research includes work on microprocessor-based workstations and developing the TRIX operating system.\n- He also invented a novel dynamic memory chip architecture and a real-time controller design.\n- Ward was involved in the Curl project which aimed to create a new language for web documents.\n- In the early 2000s, he worked on organic computing, exploring alternative ways to build computer systems.",
    "Steve Whittaker": "- Steve Whittaker is a Professor in Human-Computer Interaction at the University of California Santa Cruz.\n- He is known for his research on computer mediated communication and personal information management.\n- He has worked in industry at Hewlett-Packard Labs, AT&T Labs, and IBM Research Labs.\n- Whittaker was born in Liverpool and studied Natural Sciences at Cambridge before obtaining his PhD at St. Andrews.\n- He is a Fellow of the ACM and a Member of the SIGCHI Academy.\n- Whittaker has received several awards for his work in HCI, including the ACM SIGCHI Lifetime Research Award and the ACM CSCW Lasting Impact Award.\n- He is also the Editor of the journal Human Computer Interaction.\n- Some of his notable publications include \"Email overload: exploring personal information management of email\" and \"The Science of Managing Our Digital Stuff\".",
    "Steven M. Bellovin": "- Steven M. Bellovin is a researcher on computer networking and security and a professor in the Computer Science department at Columbia University.\n- He was previously a Fellow at AT&T Labs Research in Florham Park, New Jersey.\n- Bellovin served as the Chief Technologist for the United States Federal Trade Commission from September 2012 to August 2013.\n- He became the first technology scholar for the Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board in February 2016.\n- Bellovin was one of the originators of USENET and suggested creating the Phage mailing list as a response to the Morris Worm.\n- He identified key security weaknesses in the Domain Name System and received the 2007 National Computer Systems Security Award and was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2001.\n- Bellovin is an active NetBSD user and developer, focusing on architectural, operational, and security issues.\n- He is the author and co-author of several books, RFCs, and technical papers.\n- As of October 21, 2020, his publications have been cited 19,578 times, and he has an h-index of 59.",
    "Steven Rudich": "\n\n- Steven Rudich is a professor in the Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science.\n- He and Alexander Razborov were awarded the G\u00f6del Prize in 2007 for their work on natural proofs.\n- He co-authored a paper showing that all currently known NP-complete problems remain NP-complete under AC0 or NC0 reductions.\n- Rudich teaches the class \"Great Theoretical Ideas in Computer Science,\" considered one of the most difficult in the undergraduate computer science curriculum at Carnegie Mellon.\n- He is an editor of the Journal of Cryptology and an accomplished magician.\n- Rudich co-founded Leap@CMU, a summer enrichment program for high school students interested in computer science and robotics.\n- To enroll in Leap@CMU, students must take the \"Interesting Test\" which measures problem-solving abilities.\n- As of summer 2018, Leap@CMU has been discontinued.",
    "Steven Spewak": "- Steven Howard Spewak was an American management consultant, author, and lecturer on enterprise architectures\n- He is known for the development of Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP)\n- Spewak earned his B.A. and M.A. degrees at Case Western Reserve University and his Ph.D. in business administration at the University of Michigan in 1981\n- In 1986, he became software editor at Continental Insurance, where he headed a data modeling project\n- Spewak defined Enterprise Architecture Planning as \"the process of defining architectures for the use of information in support of the business and the plan for implementing those architectures\" in his 1992 book on the subject\n- His approach prioritizes the business mission, followed by the data required to satisfy the mission, then applications, and finally technology to implement the applications\n- Spewak was a founding partner of Enterprise Architects, Inc., and tutored several generations of Enterprise Architects while consulting for Fortune 500 clients and government organizations\n- He authored and co-authored several books, papers, and articles on enterprise architecture and related topics\n- Spewak died on April 26, 2004, at the age of 53.",
    "Sue Black (computer scientist)": "\n\n- Susan Elizabeth Black is a British computer scientist, academic and social entrepreneur.\n- She is known for her Saving Bletchley Park campaign, which successfully secured funding for the restoration of the UK World War II code-breaking centre.\n- Black has held positions at the University of Westminster, University College London, and is currently a Professor of Computer Science and Technology Evangelist at Durham University.\n- She was the founding chair of the British Computer Society (BCS) Specialist Group BCSWomen, serving from 2001 until 2008, and is an advocate of women in computing.\n- Black set up Techmums, which offers free training in digital security, social media, and programming language for mothers to increase their confidence in using technology and escape poverty.\n- She was the Women's Equality Party candidate for Mayor of London in the 2020 election but withdrew due to health reasons.\n- Black has won several awards, including the OBE in 2016 for services to technology, and the Social Impact Abie Award from the AnitaB.org in 2017.",
    "Susan L. Graham": "- Susan Lois Graham is an American computer scientist.\n- She is the Pehong Chen Distinguished Professor Emerita in the Computer Science Division of the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences at the University of California, Berkeley.\n- Graham received her A.B. in mathematics from Harvard in 1964 and did her graduate work in computer science at Stanford, receiving her M.S. in 1966 and her Ph.D. in 1971.\n- She is known for her research projects including Harmonia and Titanium.\n- Graham was the founding editor of the ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems and is a member of the United States President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology.\n- She has received numerous honors and awards, including the IEEE John von Neumann Medal and the ACM-IEEE-CS Ken Kennedy Award.\n- Graham is married to professor emeritus Michael A. Harrison of UC Berkeley.\n- See also: List of computer scientists.",
    "Susan Owicki": "- Susan Owicki is a computer scientist and licensed marriage and family therapist.\n- She received her PhD in computer science from Cornell University in 1975.\n- Owicki was a faculty member at Stanford University for 10 years and was recognized as an ACM Fellow in 1994 for her dissertation work.\n- She worked at Digital Equipment Corporation and the Strategic Technologies and Architectural Research Laboratory.\n- Owicki has published numerous articles and patents on her research in distributed systems, performance analysis, and trusted systems for electronic commerce.\n- She is married and has two children.\n- Owicki is also a licensed marriage and family therapist and has a private practice while serving on the staff of the Stanford University faculty and staff help center.",
    "T. William Olle": "\n\n- T. William Olle (1933 \u2013 March 2019) was a British computer scientist and consultant.\n- He received an M.Sc. and a Ph.D. in Astrophysics from the University of Manchester.\n- Olle worked for a NATO organization in the Netherlands and for Control Data Corporation in the United States.\n- In 1972, he established his own consultancy firm, T. William Olle Associates, specializing in database management applications and information systems methodologies.\n- Olle was active in the CODASYL organization, represented the British Computer Society on IFIP TC8, and was chairman of the BSI standards committee for many years.\n- He was awarded an honorary doctorate by Middlesex University in 2001.\n- Olle\u2019s research interests in computing included database applications, the history of computing, and professionalism in the computer field.\n- He published numerous books and articles on information systems design methodologies and database management systems.",
    "Ted Kaehler": "\n\n- Ted Kaehler is an American computer scientist known for his contributions to Smalltalk, Squeak, and Apple's HyperCard system.\n- Kaehler built a computer while in high school and learned programming language Fortran during a summer job at Fairchild Industries.\n- He studied physics at Stanford University, where he met Dan Ingalls.\n- In Xerox PARC, Kaehler worked on virtual reality technology, briefed Steve Jobs on the Alto computer's graphical user interface, Smalltalk, and Ethernet network.\n- Kaehler played a key role in the development of Smalltalk and co-authored a book, A Taste of Smalltalk.\n- He joined Apple as a researcher and was involved in the development of Macintosh, but he was more noted for improving HyperCard system.\n- Kaehler co-invented user interface intermittent on-demand halos around objects, which he received a US patent for in 1996.\n- He also became part of the open-source software community-supported Squeak Central Team and played a significant role in the development of the Squeak platform's painting system, Squeak Paintbox, and other EToys pilot versions.\n- Kaehler's wife Carol Nasby also worked at Apple and died in 1991 from complications of Type 1 diabetes.\n- Kaehler married his second wife Cynthia and lived in Las Vegas until her death from cancer in 2020.",
    "Terry Winograd": "- Terry Allen Winograd is a professor of computer science at Stanford University\n- He is known for his work on natural language using the SHRDLU program\n- Winograd built a blocks world for the program to accept and carry out natural language commands\n- Winograd's approach shifted away from classical Artificial Intelligence after encountering criticism of cognitivism\n- He worked with Fernando Flores on groupware based on conversation-for-action analysis\n- Winograd was a founding member of Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility\n- Winograd's work at Stanford focuses on software design informed by analysis, programming, and design practices in other professions\n- He advised Larry Page on his research project involving web search, which led to the founding of Google\n- Winograd has continued to research collaborative computing, including uses of ubiquitous computing in collaborative work\n- He has received awards including Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery and the SIGCHI Lifetime Research Award\n- Winograd has authored several books on natural language, software design, and usability.",
    "Thomas E. Kurtz": "\n\n- Thomas Eugene Kurtz co-developed the BASIC programming language and the Dartmouth Time Sharing System with John G. Kemeny in 1963 to 1964.\n- He was a professor of mathematics and computer science at Dartmouth College where he taught statistics and numerical analysis.\n- Kurtz and Kemeny founded True BASIC, Inc. in 1983 to market an updated version of the language.\n- He served as Council Chairman and Trustee of EDUCOM, as well as Trustee and Chairman of NERComP.\n- Kurtz received numerous awards for his work on BASIC, including the IEEE Computer Pioneer Award in 1991 and being inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 1994.\n- Kurtz composed his first computer program in 1951 while working with computers at UCLA in the institute of numerical analysis.\n- BASIC was created to give students a simple programming language that was easy to learn and for the average computer user.\n- BASIC was criticized for being unstructured and limited its use by larger companies.\n- True BASIC was based on Dartmouth BASIC 7 and offered modern programming constructs such as \u201cIF..THEN..ELSE, DO..LOOP, and EXIT DO\u201d.\n- Versions of True BASIC are available for DOS, macOS, Windows, Unix, and Linux systems.",
    "Thomas Sterling (computing)": "\n\n- Thomas Sterling is a professor at Indiana University\n- He is the Director of the Artificial Intelligence Computing Systems Laboratory\n- Sterling earned his Ph.D from MIT in 1984\n- He pioneered the \"Beowulf\" clusters \n- He was Principal investigator for the HTMT project for high-performance computing systems\n- Sterling currently leads research in non-von Neumann parallel architecture and HPX+ runtime system\n- He is President and co-founder of Simultac LLC\n- He co-authored eight books and holds seven patents\n- Sterling is a Fellow of the AAAS and winner of the Gordon Bell Prize.",
    "Tim Finin": "\n\n- Timothy Wilking Finin is a professor of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County.\n- His research focuses on artificial intelligence applications in information systems, including natural language processing, expert systems, multiagent systems, semantic web, and mobile computing.\n- Finin earned an undergraduate degree in Electrical Engineering from MIT and a PhD in Computer Science from the University of Illinois.\n- He has held positions at the Unisys Paoli Research Center, the University of Pennsylvania, and the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.\n- Finin is the author of over 450 refereed publications and has received research grants and contracts from various sources.\n- He has organized several major conferences, including the IEEE Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Applications and the International Semantic Web Conference.\n- Finin has received awards such as the Technical Achievement Award and the Presidential Research Professor title from UMBC.\n- He was named a fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence and an ACM Fellow for his contributions to knowledge sharing in distributed systems and the World Wide Web.",
    "Tin Kam Ho": "\n\n- Tin Kam Ho is a computer scientist at IBM Research.\n- She has contributed to machine learning, data mining, and classification.\n- Ho introduced random decision forests in 1995, which became the foundation of the random forest method.\n- She has also pioneered research in multiple classifier systems, ensemble learning, and data complexity analysis.\n- Ho completed her undergraduate education at the Chinese University of Hong Kong in 1984 and received a Ph.D. in Computer Science from State University of New York at Buffalo in 1992.\n- Her contributions were recognized by a Bell Labs President's Gold Award, two Bell Labs Teamwork Awards, and several other awards.\n- Ho is an IEEE fellow and IAPR fellow.",
    "Tom Gruber": "- Thomas Robert Gruber is an American computer scientist, inventor, and entrepreneur focused on knowledge sharing and collective intelligence systems.\n- He did foundational work in ontology engineering and is known for his definition of ontologies in the context of artificial intelligence.\n- Gruber co-founded Siri Inc. in 2007, which created the Siri intelligent personal assistant and knowledge navigator. \n- Siri was acquired by Apple in 2010 and is now an integral part of iOS.\n- Gruber studied psychology and computer science and graduated summa cum laude from Loyola University New Orleans in 1981.\n- He received his Ph.D. in Computer and Information Science from the University of Massachusetts Amherst in 1988 with a dissertation on knowledge acquisition. \n- Gruber has published several articles and books on the topics of ontology, knowledge acquisition, and computer-supported collaborative work.\n- He spoke on the TED stage in 2017 about his vision for the future of \"humanistic AI\" and how it can augment human capacities. \n- Gruber was also responsible for the creation of hypermail, an email to web gateway software that saw extensive use after a rewrite by a different programmer.",
    "Tom M. Mitchell": "\n\n- Tom Michael Mitchell is a computer scientist and the Founders University Professor at Carnegie Mellon University.\n- He is a founder and former Chair of the Machine Learning Department at CMU.\n- Mitchell is known for his contributions to the advancement of machine learning, artificial intelligence, and cognitive neuroscience and authored the textbook Machine Learning.\n- He is a member of the United States National Academy of Engineering, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.\n- In October 2018, Mitchell was appointed as the Interim Dean of the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon.\n- Mitchell received his bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a Ph.D. from Stanford University.\n- He has held positions at Rutgers University and joined Carnegie Mellon University in 1986.\n- Mitchell is a prolific author of scientific works on various topics in computer science.\n- He has received several honors and awards, including the NSF Presidential Young Investigator Award and an Honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Dalhousie University.\n- Mitchell is also a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Allen Institute for AI and the Science Board of the Santa Fe Institute.",
    "Tom Maibaum": "\n\n- Thomas Stephen Edward Maibaum is a computer scientist and Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts.\n- He has a Bachelor of Science in pure mathematics from the University of Toronto and a PhD in computer science from University of London.\n- Maibaum has held academic positions at Imperial College London, King's College London, and McMaster University.\n- His research interests focus on the theory of specification in the area of software engineering.\n- From 1996 to 2005, he was involved in developing international standards in programming and informatics as a member of IFIP Working Group 2.1.\n- He is a Fellow of the Institution of Engineering and Technology and the Royal Society of Arts.",
    "Tracy Camp": "\n\n- Tracy Kay Camp is an American computer scientist.\n- She is known for her research on wireless networking and leadership in broadening participation in computing.\n- Camp received a B.A., M.S., and Ph.D. in Mathematics and Computer Science.\n- She has held various positions at the University of Alabama and Colorado School of Mines, where she is currently the Head of the Department of Computer Science.\n- Camp has received prestigious awards including being named a fellow of both ACM and IEEE.\n- The source for more information is the Colorado School of Mines' Department of Computer Science website.",
    "Tracy Chou": "\n\n- Tracy Chou is a software engineer and advocate for diversity in technology-related fields.\n- She previously worked at Pinterest and Quora with internships at Rocket Fuel, Google, and Facebook.\n- Chou is known for raising the profile of the issue of the low representation of women in technology companies and pressuring companies to reveal more statistics about the composition of their workforce.\n- In 2016, she co-founded the advocacy group Project Include with seven other women from the industry.\n- Chou is the CEO and founder of Block Party, a consumer app that tackles online harassment and puts users back in control.\n- Chou's focus on the issue of diversity in technology companies is credited with pressuring larger companies such as Google, Facebook, and Microsoft to release diversity reports.\n- Chou has identified possible reasons for the disparity in the representation of women in technology, including limited networking opportunities, condescending attitudes, and a lack of female role models.\n- Chou has spoken at various conferences, including Stanford University's Entrepreneurial Thought Leaders Series and Vogue Australia's Vogue Codes.",
    "Trygve Reenskaug": "\n\n- Trygve Mikkjel Heyerdahl Reenskaug is a Norwegian computer scientist and professor emeritus of the University of Oslo. \n- He formulated the model\u2013view\u2013controller (MVC) pattern for graphical user interface (GUI) software design in 1979 while visiting the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center. \n- Reenskaug's Autokon produced a successful computer-aided design \u2013 computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) program which was first used in 1963 and continued in use by shipyards worldwide for more than 30 years. \n- He has been extensively involved in research into object-oriented methods and developed the Object Oriented Role Analysis and Modeling (OOram) and founded the information technology company Taskon in 1986. \n- Reenskaug wrote the book Working With Objects: The OOram Software Engineering Method with co-authors Per Wold and Odd Arild Lehne. \n- He also wrote a virtual machine for Unified Modeling Language (UML). \n- As of 2005, he is a professor emeritus of informatics at the University of Oslo.",
    "Ujjwal Maulik": "- Ujjwal Maulik is an Indian computer scientist and professor\n- He was the former chair of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Jadavpur University and head of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Kalyani Government Engineering College\n- He completed his education at University Of Calcutta and Jadavpur University in West Bengal, India and also did post-doctoral research at universities in Australia and the US\n- He has worked at various universities and research institutions around the world\n- His research interests include data science, machine learning, bioinformatics, and the Internet of things\n- He is a Fellow of several academies and organizations including the Indian National Academy of Engineering, International Association for Pattern Recognition and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers\n- He has received several awards and distinctions for his work in the field of computer science\n- He is also a sportsman, short story writer and passionate about mentoring young students and traveling around the world.",
    "Umar Saif": "- Umar Saif is a Pakistani computer scientist and academic.\n- He is CEO of SurveyAuto, Chief Digital Officer of the Jang Group and Chief Investment Officer of Khudi Ventures.\n- He received his doctorate from the University of Cambridge at the age of 22 and did his postdoc at MIT.\n- He founded Pakistan's first technology incubator, Plan 9, and established the Information Technology University.\n- He was chairman of the Punjab Information Technology Board (PITB) between 2011 and 2018.\n- He has received numerous awards and titles, including the Young Global Leader by the World Economic Forum, Google's Faculty Research Award, and Sitara-i-Imtiaz.\n- He was named one of the top 35 young innovators in the world by the MIT Technology Review (TR35) and has been named among The 500 Most Influential Muslims.\n- Saif is credited for being the brains behind digital governance of Punjab and one of the main driving forces behind the IT ecosystem in the country.",
    "Umesh Vazirani": "\n\n- Umesh Virkumar Vazirani is an Indian-American academic and the Roger A. Strauch Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of California, Berkeley.\n- He is the director of the Berkeley Quantum Computation Center and his research interests lie primarily in quantum computing.\n- Vazirani received a BS from MIT in 1981 and a Ph.D. from UC Berkeley in 1986.\n- He is one of the founders of the field of quantum computing and co-authored a paper defining a model of quantum Turing machines for complexity-based analysis.\n- He also co-authored a paper showing that quantum computers cannot solve black-box search problems faster than O(sqrt(N)).\n- Vazirani and his brother, Vijay Vazirani, were inducted as Fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery in 2005.\n- Vazirani was awarded the Fulkerson Prize for 2012 for his work on improving the approximation ratio for graph separators and related problems.\n- He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2018.\n- Some of his notable publications include \"Matching is as easy as matrix inversion,\" \"Quantum complexity theory,\" and \"Strengths and weaknesses of quantum computing.\"",
    "Valerie Taylor (computer scientist)": "- Valerie Elaine Taylor is the director of the Mathematics and Computer Science Division of Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois.\n- Her research interests include performance analysis, power analysis, and resiliency.\n- She is known for her work on \"Prophesy,\" a database used to predict the performance of different applications on parallel systems.\n- Taylor received her bachelor's and master's degrees in electrical engineering from Purdue University, and her PhD from the University of California, Berkeley in electrical engineering and computer science.\n- She has a patent for her dissertation work on sparse matrices.\n- Taylor has worked as a faculty member at Northwestern University and Texas A&M University.\n- She is also the CEO and President of the Center for Minorities and People with Disabilities in IT (CMD-IT), which seeks to develop the participation of minorities and people with disabilities in the IT workforce.\n- Taylor has received numerous awards for her research, leadership, and efforts to increase diversity in computing.\n- She is a member of IEEE and has been elected a fellow of both IEEE and the Association for Computing Machinery.\n- In 2019, she was named an Argonne Distinguished Fellow, an award which represents only three percent of research staff at the facility.",
    "Victor Bahl": "- Victor Bahl is an Indian Technical Fellow and CTO of Azure for Operators at Microsoft\n- He is known for his research contributions to white space radio data networks, radio signal-strength based indoor positioning systems, multi-radio wireless systems, and wireless network virtualization \n- He is also the founder of the international conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services Conference (MobiSys) and the ACM Mobile Computing and Communications Review \n- Bahl has received multiple awards and holds over 100 US and international patents \n- He developed several groundbreaking technologies, including wireless hardware virtualization, multi-radio wireless systems, and mm-wave networking in data centers \n- He is a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery, IEEE, and American Association for the Advancement of Science \n- Bahl has made significant contributions to the",
    "Vinod Dham": "\n- Vinod Dham is an Indian-American engineer, entrepreneur and venture capitalist, known as 'Father of the Pentium Chip' for his contribution to the development of Intel's Pentium microprocessor. \n- He has worked for various companies, including NCR Corporation and AMD, and was the CEO of Silicon Spice. \n- He is the founding managing director of the India-based fund, Indo-US Venture Partners, and co-founder and CEO of Acadgild, an online educational platform. \n- Vinod Dham is also involved in philanthropy and has been a trustee of the American India Foundation since 2001.",
    "Vint Cerf": "- Vinton Gray Cerf is an American Internet pioneer and one of \"the fathers of the Internet\"\n- He has received numerous honorary degrees and awards, including the National Medal of Technology, Turing Award, and Presidential Medal of Freedom\n- Cerf attended Van Nuys High School with Jon Postel and Steve Crocker and worked at Rocketdyne on the Apollo program during high school\n- He received a Bachelor of Science degree in mathematics from Stanford University and a PhD in 1972 from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), where he studied under Professor Gerald Estrin and worked in Professor Leonard Kleinrock's data packet networking group\n- Cerf worked at the United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) from 1973 to 1982 and helped develop TCP/IP, packet radio, packet satellite, and packet security technology\n- He helped develop MCI Mail, the first commercial email system to be connected to the Internet, and later joined the Corporation for National Research Initiatives\n- Cerf founded the Internet Society in 1992 and served as its first president\n- He has worked for Google as a vice president and Chief Internet Evangelist since 2005 and is active in various global humanitarian organizations and councils\n- Cerf has received numerous awards and honors, including the Turing Award, Japan Prize, and IEEE Medal of Honor\n- He has authored and co-authored numerous publications and writes a column called \"CERF'S UP\"",
    "Vladimir Vapnik": "\n\n- Vladimir Naumovich Vapnik is a computer scientist, researcher, and academic.\n- He is one of the main developers of the Vapnik-Chervonenkis theory of statistical learning.\n- He is the co-inventor of the support-vector machine method and support-vector clustering algorithms.\n- Vapnik was born to a Jewish family in the Soviet Union and received his Master's degree in mathematics from the Uzbek State University in 1958 and his Ph.D. in statistics at the Institute of Control Sciences, Moscow in 1964.\n- He worked at the Institute of Control Sciences from 1961 to 1990 and became Head of the Computer Science Research Department.\n- Vapnik joined the Adaptive Systems Research Department at AT&T Bell Labs in Holmdel, New Jersey in 1990, where he and his colleagues worked on the support-vector machine.\n- Vapnik left AT&T in 2002 and joined NEC Laboratories in Princeton, New Jersey, where he worked in the Machine Learning group.\n- Vapnik is a Professor of Computer Science and Statistics at Royal Holloway, University of London since 1995, and a Professor of Computer Science at Columbia University, New York City since 2003.\n- He joined Facebook AI Research in 2014 and Vencore Labs in 2016.\n- He has won numerous honors and awards, including the 2017 IEEE John von Neumann Medal and the 2019 BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award.\n- His book on \"The Nature of Statistical Learning Theory\" has been cited over 91,650 times.",
    "Volker Strassen": "\n\n- Volker Strassen is a German mathematician.\n- He is a professor emeritus in the department of mathematics and statistics at the University of Konstanz.\n- He has received several awards for his contributions to the analysis of algorithms.\n- Strassen began his researches as a probabilist.\n- He introduced Strassen's algorithm, the first algorithm for performing matrix multiplication faster than the O(n3) time bound that would result from a naive algorithm.\n- Strassen is also known for his work on the Solovay\u2013Strassen primality test.\n- He has been awarded the Cantor medal, Konrad Zuse Medal, Paris Kanellakis Award, and the Knuth Prize.\n- He became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society in 2012.",
    "W. Bruce Croft": "\n\n- W. Bruce Croft is a distinguished professor of computer science at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.\n- He is the founder of the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval and served as the editor-in-chief of ACM Transactions on Information Systems from 1995 to 2002.\n- He has made major contributions to most areas of information retrieval, including pioneering work in clustering, passage retrieval, sentence retrieval, and distributed search.\n- Croft has led the development of one of the major approaches to modeling search: language modelling.\n- Croft and his research group have developed a series of search engines: InQuery, the Lemur toolkit, Indri, and Galago.\n- He is the Dean of the College of Information and Computer Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst since 2015.\n- Croft has received several prestigious awards, including ACM Fellow, American Society for Information Science and Technology Research Award and IEEE Computer Society Technical Achievement Award.\n- He earned a bachelor's and a master's degree from Monash University and a Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge.",
    "W. Richard Stevens": "\n\n-William Richard Stevens was a Northern Rhodesia-born American author who wrote books on computer science, especially on UNIX and TCP/IP. \n\n-He was born in 1951 in Luanshya, Northern Rhodesia, and died in 1999 at the age of 48.\n\n-He received his bachelor's degree in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Michigan in 1973 and both a master's degree and PhD in Systems Engineering from the University of Arizona.\n\n-He was Vice President of Computing Services at Health Systems International in New Haven, Connecticut, from 1982 to 1990.\n\n-Stevens was an aviation enthusiast, an avid pilot, and a part-time flight instructor during the 1970s.\n\n- He was posthumously awarded the Usenix Lifetime Achievement Award in 2000. \n\n-Stevens wrote many books on computer science, including UNIX Network Programming (1990), Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment (1992), and TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1: The Protocols (1994), amongst others. \n\n-He co-authored several internet Request for Comments (RFC) documents for the Internet Engineering Task Force. \n\n-Stevens' RFCs covered updates to the Berkeley sockets API for IPv6, as well as a standard method of congestion control for TCP sessions.",
    "Walter F. Tichy": "\n\n- Walter F. Tichy is a German computer scientist born in 1952.\n- He was a professor of computer science at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology until his retirement in April 2022.\n- Tichy is known for his contribution to the development of the RCS revision control system.\n- He has written extensively on experimental software engineering, the string-to-string correction problem, software configuration management, and extreme programming.\n- His works are highly cited in the software development community.\n- Tichy's website is available through the IPD Tichy department and his articles can be found online.",
    "Walter Savitch": "\n\n- Walter John Savitch defined the complexity class NL, and established complexity classes that allow non-deterministic and probabilistic reasoning.\n- Savitch's theorem, which he also formulated, establishes a relationship between the NSPACE and DSPACE complexity classes.\n- Savitch did extensive work in natural language processing and mathematical linguistics, focusing on computational complexity as it applies to genetics and biology for over 10 years.\n- He authored numerous textbooks for learning how to program in C/C++, Java, Ada, and Pascal, among others.\n- Savitch received his PhD in mathematics from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1969 under the supervision of Stephen Cook, and went on to become a professor in the computer science department at the University of California, San Diego.\n- A historical account on how Savitch's theorem was discovered can be found in Richard J. Lipton's article, \"Savitch's Theorem.\"",
    "Watts Humphrey": "- Watts S. Humphrey was an American pioneer in software engineering\n\n- He was born in Battle Creek, Michigan on July 4, 1927 and graduated from high school in 1944\n\n- He served in the United States Navy despite struggling with dyslexia\n\n- Humphrey received a bachelor of science in physics from the University of Chicago, a master of science in physics from Illinois Institute of Technology physics department, and a master of business administration from the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business\n\n- He worked at Sylvania Labs and IBM throughout his career\n\n- In the late 1960s, Humphrey headed the IBM software team that introduced the first software license\n\n- He founded the Software Process Program at the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) at Carnegie Mellon University in the 1980s and served as director of that program from 1986 until the early 1990s, resulting in the development of the Capability Maturity Model, PSP, and TSP concepts\n\n- His contributions earned him an honorary doctor of software engineering from the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University in 1998 and the National Medal of Technology in 2003\n\n- Humphrey authored several books, including \"Managing the Software Process\" and \"Introduction to the Personal Software Process\"\n\n- He passed away on October 28, 2010.",
    "Wendy Hall": "- Dame Wendy Hall is a British computer scientist and Regius Professor of Computer Science at the University of Southampton.\n- She studied for undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in mathematics at the University of Southampton.\n- Hall returned to the University of Southampton in 1984 to join the computer science group there, where her team invented the Microcosm hypermedia system.\n- Hall was appointed the University's first female professor of engineering in 1994 and served as Head of the School of Electronics and Computer Science from 2002\u201307.\n- In 2006, along with Tim Berners-Lee, Nigel Shadbolt, and Daniel Weitzner, Hall became a founding director of the Web Science Research Initiative, now known as the Web Science Trust.\n- Hall has served as President of the British Computer Society and the Association for Computing Machinery.\n- She was appointed Regius Professor of Computer Science at the University of Southampton in 2017 and Chair of the Ada Lovelace Institute in 2020.\n- Hall is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering, the British Computer Society, the Institution of Engineering and Technology, and the Royal Society.\n- She has won numerous awards, including the ABIE Award for Technical Leadership and the Suffrage Science award.\n- Hall has co-authored over 500 peer-reviewed journal articles and a book called Four Internets in 2021.\n- She is married to Dr Peter Chandler, a plasma physicist.",
    "Wil van der Aalst": "- Wil van der Aalst is a Dutch computer scientist and full professor at RWTH Aachen University.\n- He is known for his work on information systems, workflow management, Petri nets, process mining, specification languages, and simulation.\n- Van der Aalst received an MSc and PhD from the Technische Universiteit Eindhoven.\n- He has held positions as an assistant professor, full professor, and head of various departments at TU/e.\n- He is also a visiting professor at various universities and a member of several editorial boards and steering committees.\n- Van der Aalst is a strong supporter of open-source software and has developed several tools, including the ProM framework and YAWL.\n- His ideas have influenced industry standards and commercial software tools such as BPEL, BPMN, Flower, and ARIS.\n- Van der Aalst has published over 400 books, journal papers, book chapters, conference papers, and reports.\n- He is an ISI Highly Cited researcher and among the highest ranked computer scientists in the world according to Google Scholar.",
    "Wilhelm Schickard": "- Wilhelm Schickard was a German professor of Hebrew and astronomy born in 1592 and died in 1635.\n- He invented a calculating clock that was designed to assist in addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, with Napier's rods for multiplication and an adding machine for input/output.\n- The machine was not complete and required additional wheels and springs, and it was designed around a single tooth carry mechanism that did not work properly when used in calculating clocks.\n- Schickard is considered to be the father of the computer age and has been credited as the inventor of the mechanical calculator (although the priority of invention is contested).\n- Schickard's machine had been published at least once per century starting from 1718, and later devices followed the same path pioneered by Schickard with his combination of Napier's rods and adding machine.\n- Schickard was a professor of Hebrew and later astronomy at the University of T\u00fcbingen, and he made significant advances in mapmaking and machine invention.\n- Schickard published a treatise in 1625 called \"The King's Law\" in which he analyzes ancient Hebrew political theory using the Talmud and rabbinical literature.\n- The priority of invention between Schickard and Blaise Pascal's mechanical calculator is contested, but Pascal's design was slightly later but functioned more efficiently.\n- A replica of Schickard's machine was built in 1960 by Bruno von Freytag-L\u00f6ringhoff, who improved the design of the carry mechanism.",
    "Willem van der Poel": "\n\n- Willem Louis van der Poel was a Dutch computer scientist who designed one of the first computers in the Netherlands, the ZEBRA.\n- He earned an engineering degree in applied science at Delft University of Technology in 1950 and obtained his PhD from the University of Amsterdam in 1956.\n- Van der Poel worked at the Dutch Posterijen, Telegrafie en Telefonie (PTT) until 1967, and was a part-time professor at Delft University of Technology from 1962 to 1988.\n- He was a member of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) and helped develop programming languages ALGOL 60 and ALGOL 68, as well as LISP for ZEBRA.\n- Van der Poel was an elected member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and won the Visser-Neerlandia prize with H. Mol for their Braille translator in 1960.\n- He designed several computers, including Testudo, PTERA, ZERO, and ZEBRA, and is known for originating the \"zero one infinity\" rule in software design.\n- Selected publications include his PhD thesis, \"SERA 69, definierend rapport\" and \"New Arithmetical Operators in the Theory of Combinators.\"",
    "William H. Press": "\n\n- William Henry Press is an astrophysicist, theoretical physicist, computer scientist, and computational biologist.\n- He is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the Council on Foreign Relations.\n- Other honors include the 1981 Helen B. Warner Prize for Astronomy.\n- Press has been a member of the JASON defense advisory group since 1977 and is a past chair. \n- He served as vice-chair of President Obama's President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) from 2009 through 2016.\n- In 2012\u20132013, he served as the 165th President of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.\n- In July 2016, he became the elected Treasurer of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and a member of its Council and Governing Board.\n- He is best known for his work with Saul Teukolsky, establishing the dynamic stability of rotating black holes, and his discovery with Paul Schechter of the Press\u2013Schechter formalism, which predicts the distribution of masses of galaxies in the Universe.\n- Press is a co-author of the successful Numerical Recipes series of books on scientific computing.\n- He was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society in 1989.",
    "William Kahan": "\n\n- William \"Velvel\" Morton Kahan is a Canadian mathematician and computer scientist.\n- He received the Turing Award in 1989 for his contributions to numerical analysis.\n- Kahan is the primary architect behind the IEEE 754-1985 standard for floating-point computation.\n- He developed the program \"paranoia\", a benchmark that tests for potential floating-point bugs.\n- Kahan coined the term \"Table-maker's dilemma\" for the unknown cost of correctly rounding transcendental functions.\n- He is an outspoken advocate of better education on floating-point issues and denounces decisions impairing good floating-point computations.\n- Kahan contributed substantially to the design of algorithms in the HP Voyager series.\n- He was named an ACM Fellow in 1994 and inducted into the National Academy of Engineering in 2005.",
    "William Wulf": "- William Allan Wulf is a computer scientist known for his work on programming languages and compilers.\n- He obtained a B.S. in engineering physics and an M.S. in electrical engineering at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, and a Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Virginia.\n- While at Carnegie Mellon University, he designed the BLISS programming language and an optimizing compiler for it.\n- He also worked on an operating system microkernel named Hydra as part of CMUs C.mmp project.\n- Wulf co-founded Tartan Laboratories, a compiler technology company, with his wife Anita K. Jones in 1981.\n- He served as president of the National Academy of Engineering from 1996 to 2007 and chaired the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board of the National Research Council from 1992 to 1996.\n- Wulf resigned from his position as the AT&T Professor of Engineering and Applied Sciences in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Virginia in protest of the forced resignation of former President Teresa A. Sullivan in 2012.\n- He has published numerous papers on programming, systems languages, and computer architecture, among other topics.",
    "Wim Ebbinkhuijsen": "\n\n- Wim Ebbinkhuijsen is a retired Dutch computer scientist.\n- He is considered one of the \"fathers of COBOL\".\n- In 1979, he initiated the International ISO COBOL Working Group.\n- From 1967 to 2003, he was a member and chairman of the Dutch COBOL Committee.\n- From 1998 to 2001, he was a member of the NCITS/ANSI COBOL committee X3J4.\n- He has designed and rewritten many parts of the current COBOL standard.\n- Ebbinkhuijsen has worked for many years with Exin, a Dutch examination institute.\n- He has written many books about COBOL and wrote the first international standard for BASIC.\n- In 2004, he left the COBOL world after 42 years of commitment.\n- He received an IEEE award for his contribution to COBOL and was invested as a Knight of the Order of Orange-Nassau.\n- A valedictory symposium for him was held at the Vrije Universiteit of Amsterdam. \n- An external link to the symposium is provided.",
    "Winifred Asprey": "\n\n\u2022 Winifred \"Tim\" Alice Asprey was an American mathematician and computer scientist.\n\u2022 She was one of only around 200 women to earn PhDs in mathematics during the 1940s.\n\u2022 Asprey met Grace Hopper, the \"First Lady of Computing,\" while studying at Vassar College.\n\u2022 Asprey created the first computer science courses at Vassar and secured funds for the college's first computer.\n\u2022 She was instrumental in the establishment of the first computer science lab at Vassar through her close contact with IBM.\n\u2022 Asprey taught mathematics and computer science at Vassar for 38 years and was the chair of the mathematics department until her retirement in 1982.\n\u2022 Asprey believed that computers would be an essential part of a liberal arts education.\n\u2022 Asprey's contributions to Vassar's computer center in 1989 led to the center being renamed the Asprey Advanced Computation Laboratory.",
    "Winston W. Royce": "\n\n- Winston Walker Royce was an American computer scientist and director at Lockheed Software Technology Center in Austin, Texas. \n- He received his BS in physics, his MS in aeronautical engineering and his PhD in aeronautical engineering from the California Institute of Technology. \n- Royce published an influential article in 1970 titled \"Managing the Development of Large Software Systems\" from which the Waterfall model for software development was mistakenly drawn. \n- Royce proposed an iterative approach and advocated that projects should pass through this at least twice. \n- Royce coined the term \"software system engineering\" (SwSE) in the 1980s. \n- In the 1991 article \"Software Architecture: Integrating Process and Technology\", Royce and his son Walker Royce described the connection between architecture and the software development process. \n- Royce published several books and articles.",
    "Xiaoming Fu": "\n\n- Xiaoming Fu is a Chinese German computer scientist.\n- He is a Full Professor of Computer Science at Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen.\n- His research interests include networked systems, mobile and cloud computing, network security, social computing, and big data.\n- Fu received his bachelor and master degrees from Northeastern University (China) and PhD from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.\n- He worked at Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin and joined Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen in 2002 as assistant professor, becoming a professor in 2007 and head of the computer networks group.\n- Fu has received multiple awards, including being a Fulbright Scholar at UCLA Department of Computer Science in 2009, an IEEE Communications Society Distinguished Lecturer in 2014-2015, and elected Fellow of the Institution of Engineering and Technology in 2017, Academia Europaea in 2018, IEEE in 2021, and ACM Distinguished Member in 2021.",
    "Yale Patt": "\n\n- Yale Nance Patt is an American professor of electrical and computer engineering at The University of Texas at Austin.\n- He introduced the WOS module, the first complex logic gate implemented on a single piece of silicon, in 1965.\n- Patt has pursued aggressive ILP, out-of-order, and speculative computer architectures throughout his career. \n- Patt is a fellow of both the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and the Association for Computing Machinery. \n- He is the co-author of the textbook Introduction to Computing Systems, currently published in its third edition by McGraw-Hill. \n- Patt received his bachelor's degree from Northeastern University and master's degree and doctorate  at Stanford University. \n- Patt has been awarded several honors, including the IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award, IEEE/ACM Eckert-Mauchly Award, IEEE Wallace W. McDowell Award, IEEE Computer Society Charles Babbage Award, and the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Computer and Cognitive Science. \n- He was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2014 and received an honorary doctorate from the University of Belgrade in 2009.",
    "Yanhong Annie Liu": "\n\n- Yanhong Annie Liu is a computer scientist and professor at Stony Brook University.\n- Her work focuses on programming languages, software systems, algorithms, intelligent systems, distributed computing systems, and computer security.\n- Liu earned a B.Sc. from Peking University, an M.Sc. in engineering from Tsinghua University, and a Ph.D. from Cornell University.\n- She worked on language processing at Cornell University as a postdoctoral researcher before joining Indiana University as an assistant professor in 1996.\n- Liu joined Stony Brook University in 2000 and was made professor in 2008.\n- She leads the Design and Analysis Research Laboratory at Stony Brook University and is a member of the IFIP Working Group 2.1 on Algorithmic Languages and Calculi.\n- Liu has authored books on systematic program design and declarative logic programming.",
    "Yann LeCun": "\n\n- Yann Andr\u00e9 LeCun is a computer scientist from France, known for his work in fields such as machine learning, computer vision, mobile robotics and computational neuroscience.\n \n- He is currently the Silver Professor of the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University and Vice-President, Chief AI Scientist at Meta.\n \n- LeCun is one of the main creators of the DjVu image compression technology and co-developed the Lush programming language with L\u00e9on Bottou.\n \n- In collaboration with Yoshua Bengio and Geoffrey Hinton, he received the 2018 Turing Award for their work on deep learning, earning them the nickname 'Godfathers of AI' and 'Godfathers of Deep Learning'.\n \n- LeCun received a Dipl\u00f4me d'Ing\u00e9nieur from the ESIEE Paris in 1983 and a PhD in Computer Science from Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie in 1987.\n \n- He worked at AT&T Bell Laboratories and AT&T Labs-Research, becoming head of the Image Processing Research Department in 1996.\n \n- He joined New York University in 2003 and became the founding director of the NYU Center for Data Science in 2012.\n \n- LeCun is a member of the US National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and the French Acad\u00e9mie des Sciences.\n \n- In 2019, he won the Turing Award and the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.\n \n- In 2022 he received the Princess of Asturias Award in the category \"Scientific Research\", along with Yoshua Bengio, Geoffrey Hinton and Demis Hassabis.",
    "Yoav Freund": "\n\n- Yoav Freund is an Israeli professor of computer science at the University of California San Diego.\n- His main areas of research are machine learning, probability theory, and related fields and applications.\n- He is known for his work on the AdaBoost algorithm, which is used to combine many \"weak\" learning machines to create a more robust one.\n- He and Robert Schapire received the G\u00f6del prize in 2003 for their joint work on AdaBoost.\n- Freund is an alumnus of the Talpiot program of the Israeli army.\n- One of his selected works is a book titled \"Boosting: Foundations and Algorithms\" co-authored with Robert Schapire.\n- His homepage is available on the UCSD website.",
    "Yorick Wilks": "- Yorick Wilks is a British computer scientist and emeritus professor of artificial intelligence at the University of Sheffield.\n- He pioneered meaning-based approaches to natural language content for computers in the 1970s with his contribution in \"Preference Semantics\".\n- Wilks has received numerous awards, including the Lovelace Medal by the British Computer Society and the Zampolli Prize by ELRA.\n- He is a member of several associations, including the Association for Computational Linguistics and the American Association for Artificial Intelligence.\n- Wilks has authored several books, including \"Artificial Intelligence: Modern Magic or Dangerous Future?\" and \"Machine Translation: its scope and limits\".\n- He has also worked on projects such as the Companions Project on creating long-term computer companions for people and has an interest in modelling human-computer dialogue.\n- Wilks is a visiting professor of artificial intelligence at Gresham College and a senior research fellow at the Oxford Internet Institute.\n- He was awarded the Fellowship of the Association for Computing Machinery and was elected a fellow of the American and European Associations for Artificial Intelligence and the British Computer Society.\n- Wilks received a Doctor of Philosophy degree from Pembroke College, Cambridge, where he also joined the Epiphany Philosophers.\n- He has published numerous papers and has designed advanced NLP architecture called GATE.",
    "Yuri Matiyasevich": "\n\n- Yuri Vladimirovich Matiyasevich is a Russian mathematician and computer scientist.\n- He is best known for his negative solution of Hilbert's tenth problem (Matiyasevich's theorem).\n- He studied at Saint Petersburg Lyceum 239 and Kolmogorov School.\n- In 1964, he won the gold medal at the International Mathematical Olympiad held in Moscow.\n- He studied at the Mathematics & Mechanics Faculty of Leningrad State University and obtained a doctoral degree from LOMI in 1970.\n- He was the head of Laboratory of mathematical logic at LOMI from 1980-2018.\n- He has been a professor of Saint Petersburg State University since 1995.\n- He has been elected as a corresponding member of Russian Academy of Sciences and as a full member in 2008.\n- He received awards such as the Markov Prize of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and the Humboldt Research Award.\n- Notable students include: Eldar Musayev, Maxim Vsemirnov, Alexei Pastor, Dmitri Karpov.\n- Some of his notable works include his book \"Hilbert's 10th Problem\" and papers such as \"Real-time recognition of the inclusion relation\" and \"Reduction of an arbitrary Diophantine equation to one in 13 unknowns\".\n- A polynomial related to the colorings of a triangulation of a sphere was named after him (The Matiyasevich polynomial).\n- He was a member of the American Mathematical Society and the Association for Symbolic Logic, and served on the editorial boards for the journals Discrete Mathematics and Applications and Computer Instruments in Education.\n- He has a home page and results at International Mathematical Olympiad among other external links.",
    "Zohar Manna": "- Zohar Manna was an Israeli-American computer scientist and professor of computer science at Stanford University.\n- He earned his Bachelor of Science and Master of Science degrees from the Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology and a PhD in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University.\n- Manna authored nine books, including The Mathematical Theory of Computation and co-authored an unfinished trilogy of textbooks on temporal logic and verification of reactive systems.\n- He received several awards, including induction as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery and sharing the Herbrand Award with Richard Waldinger.\n- He supervised 30 doctoral students, including Nachum Dershowitz, Adi Shamir, and Thomas Henzinger.\n- Manna passed away on August 30, 2018.",
    "Zoubin Ghahramani": "- Zoubin Ghahramani is a British-Iranian researcher and Professor of Information Engineering at the University of Cambridge.\n- He has joint appointments at University College London and the Alan Turing Institute.\n- Ghahramani was Associate Research Professor at Carnegie Mellon University School of Computer Science from 2003-2012 and was the Chief Scientist of Uber from 2016 until 2020.\n- In 2020 he joined Google Brain as Senior Research Director.\n- He is also Deputy Director of the Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence.\n- Ghahramani was educated at the American School of Madrid and the University of Pennsylvania.\n- He obtained his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, supervised by Michael I. Jordan and Tomaso Poggio.\n- Ghahramani has made significant contributions in the areas of Bayesian machine learning, graphical models, and computational neuroscience.\n- He co-founded Geometric Intelligence in 2014, which was acquired by Uber in 2016.\n- Ghahramani was elected Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2015.\n- He was awarded the Royal Society Milner Award in 2021.",
    "Zvi Galil": "- Zvi Galil is an Israeli-American computer scientist and mathematician.\n- He served as the President of Tel Aviv University from 2007-2009 and the dean of the Georgia Institute of Technology College of Computing from 2010-2019.\n- Galil's research interests include algorithm design and analysis, computational complexity, and cryptography.\n- He coined the terms stringology and sparsification.\n- Galil completed his B.Sc. and M.Sc. in applied mathematics at Tel Aviv University before earning his Ph.D. in Computer Science at Cornell University.\n- Galil worked at Tel Aviv University and Columbia University before joining Georgia Tech.\n- He is credited with developing several currently-fastest algorithms for string and graph matching.\n- Galil has received many awards and honors, including induction as a Fellow of ACM and the National Academy of Engineering, and an honorary degree from the University of Waterloo.\n- A program he helped conceive, the Online Master of Science in Computer Science (OMSCS), became the largest online master's program in computer science in the United States.\n- Galil's work has been recognized by many organizations and he has published over 200 scientific papers.",
    "\u00c9va Tardos": "\n\n- \u00c9va Tardos is a well-known Hungarian mathematician.\n- She is currently the Jacob Gould Schurman Professor of Computer Science at Cornell University.\n- Tardos's research focuses on designing and analyzing efficient methods for combinatorial optimization problems on graphs or networks.\n- Her recent work has delved into algorithmic game theory and simple auctions.\n- Tardos received her Dipl. Math and Ph.D. degrees from the Faculty of Sciences of the E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University in 1981 and 1984, respectively, under Andr\u00e1s Frank's guidance.\n- She has won numerous honors and awards, including election to the National Academy of Engineering, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences, and the American Philosophical Society.\n- Tardos is an ACM Fellow, a Fellow of INFORMS, and a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society.\n- She has received fellowships from Packard, Sloan Foundation, and Guggenheim.\n- Tardos has won multiple prizes, including the Fulkerson Prize, the George B. Dantzig Prize, the Van Wijngaarden Award, the G\u00f6del Prize, and the EATCS Award.\n- Tardos is married to David Shmoys, and her younger brother is G\u00e1bor Tardos. \n- Tardos is also the author of the textbook Algorithm Design, co-written with Jon Kleinberg."
}