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master
magic/Magdir/virtual
346 строк
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Christos Zoulas
PR/752: vmihalko: Add qemu compression formats
15 апр 2026, 19:56
15 апр 2026, 19:56
0d435dc
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#------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # $File: virtual,v 1.23 2026/04/15 16:56:41 christos Exp $ # From: James Nobis <quel@quelrod.net> # Microsoft hard disk images for: # Virtual Server # Virtual PC # VirtualBox # URL: http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/VHD_(Virtual_Hard_Disk) # Reference: https://download.microsoft.com/download/f/f/e/ffef50a5-07dd-4cf8-aaa3-442c0673a029/ # Virtual%20Hard%20Disk%20Format%20Spec_10_18_06.doc 0 string conectix Microsoft Disk Image, Virtual Server or Virtual PC # alternative shorter names #0 string conectix Microsoft Virtual Hard Disk image #0 string conectix Microsoft Virtual HD image !:mime application/x-virtualbox-vhd !:ext vhd # Features is a bit field used to indicate specific feature support #>8 ubelong !0x00000002 \b, Features %#x # Reserved. This bit must always be set to 1. #>8 ubelong &0x00000002 \b, Reserved %#x # File Format Version for the current specification 0x00010000 #>12 ubelong !0x00010000 \b, Version %#8.8x # Data Offset only found 0x200 #>16 ubequad !0x200 \b, Data Offset %#llx #>16 ubequad x \b, at %#llx # Dynamic Disk Header cookie like cxsparse #>(16.Q) string x "%-.8s" # This field contains a Unicode string (UTF-16) of the parent hard disk filename #>(16.Q+64) ubequad x \b, parent name %#llx # Creator Application # vpc~Microsoft Virtual PC, vs~Microsoft Virtual Server, vbox~VirtualBox, d2v~disk2vhd >28 string x \b, Creator %-4.4s # Creator Version: 0x00010000~Virtual Server 2004, 0x00050000~Virtual PC 2004 # holds the major/minor version of the application that created the image >32 ubeshort x %x >34 ubeshort x \b.%x #>32 ubelong x \b, Version %#8.8x # Creator Host OS: 0x5769326B~Windows (Wi2k), 0x4D616320~Macintosh (Mac) >36 ubelong x ( >>36 ubelong 0x5769326B \bW2k >>36 ubelong 0x4D616320 \bMac >>36 default x \b0x >>>36 ubelong x \b%8.8x # creation Time in seconds since 1 Jan 2000 UTC~946684800 sec. since Unix Epoch >24 bedate+946684800 x \b) %s # Original Size #>40 ubequad x \b, o.-Size %#llx # Current Size is same as original size, but change when disk is expanded #>48 ubequad x \b, Size %#llx >48 ubequad x \b, %llu bytes # Disk Geometry: cylinder, heads, and sectors/track for hard disk #>56 ubeshort x \b, Cylinder %#x >56 ubeshort x \b, CHS %u # Heads #>58 ubyte x \b, Heads %#x >58 ubyte x \b/%u # Sectors per track #>59 ubyte x \b, Sectors %#x >59 ubyte x \b/%u # Disk Type: 3~Dynamic hard disk >60 ubelong !0x3 \b, type %#x # Checksum #>64 ubelong x \b, cksum %#x # universally unique identifier (UUID) to associate a parent with its differencing image #>68 ubequad x \b, id %#16.16llx #>76 ubequad x \b-%16.16llx # Saved State: 1~Saved State >84 ubyte !0 \b, State %#x # Reserved 427 bytes with nils #>85 ubequad !0 \b, Reserved %#16.16llx # From: Joerg Jenderek # URL: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt740058.aspx # Reference: https://winprotocoldoc.blob.core.windows.net/productionwindowsarchives/ # MS-VHDX/[MS-VHDX].pdf # Note: extends the VHD format with new capabilities, such as a 16TB maximum size # TODO: find and display values like virtual size, disk size, cluster_size, etc # display id in GUID format # # VHDX_FILE_IDENTIFIER signature 0x656C696678646876 0 string vhdxfile # VHDX_HEADER signature. 1 header is stored at offset 64KB and the other at 128KB >0x10000 string head Microsoft Disk Image eXtended #>0x20000 string head \b, 2nd header #!:mime application/x-virtualbox-vhdx !:ext vhdx # Creator[256] like "QEMU v3.0.0", "Microsoft Windows 6.3.9600.18512" >>8 lestring16 x \b, by %.256s # The Checksum field is a CRC-32C hash over the entire 4 KB structure #>>0x10004 ulelong x \b, CRC %#x # SequenceNumber >>0x10008 ulequad x \b, sequence %#llx # FileWriteGuid #>>0x10010 ubequad x \b, file id %#llx #>>>0x10018 ubequad x \b-%llx # DataWriteGuid #>>0x10020 ubequad x \b, data id %#llx #>>>0x10028 ubequad x \b-%llx # LogGuid. If this field is zero, then the log is empty or has no valid entries >>0x10030 ubequad >0 \b, log id %#llx >>>0x10038 ubequad x \b-%llx # LogVersion. If not 0 there is a log to replay >>0x10040 uleshort >0 \b, LogVersion %#x # Version. This field must be set to 1 >>0x10042 uleshort !1 \b, Version %#x # LogLength must be multiples of 1 MB >>0x10044 ulelong/1048576 >1 \b, LogLength %u MB # LogOffset (normally 0x100000 when log direct after header); multiples of 1 MB >>0x10048 ulequad !0x100000 \b, LogOffset %#llx # Log Entry Signature must be 0x65676F6C~loge >>(0x10048.q) ulelong !0x65676F6C \b, NO Log Signature >>(0x10048.q) ulelong =0x65676F6C \b; LOG # Log Entry Checksum #>>>(0x10048.q+4) ulelong x \b, Log CRC %#x # Log Entry Length must be a multiple of 4 KB >>>(0x10048.q+8) ulelong/1024 >4 \b, EntryLength %u KB # Log Entry Tail must be a multiple of 4 KB #>>>(0x10048.q+12) ulelong x \b, Tail %#x # Log Entry SequenceNumber #>>>(0x10048.q+16) ulequad x \b, # %#llx # Log Entry DescriptorCount may be zero. only 4 bytes in other docs instead 8 #>>>(0x10048.q+24) ulelong x \b, DescriptorCount %#llx # Log Entry Reserved must be set to 0 >>>(0x10048.q+28) ulelong !0 \b, Reserved %#x # Log Entry LogGuid #>>>(0x10048.q+32) ubequad x \b, Log id %#llx #>>>(0x10048.q+40) ubequad x \b-%llx # Log Entry FlushedFileOffset should VHDX size when entry is written. #>>>(0x10048.q+48) ulequad x \b, FlushedFileOffset %llu # Log Entry LastFileOffset #>>>(0x10048.q+56) ulequad x \b, LastFileOffset %llu # filling #>>>(0x10048.q+64) ulequad >0 \b, filling %llx # Reserved[4016] #>>0x10050 ulequad >0 \b, Reserved %#llx # VHDX_REGION_TABLE_HEADER Signature 0x69676572~regi at offset 192 KB and 256 KB >0x30000 ulelong !0x69676572 Microsoft Disk Image Extended, 1st region INVALID >0x30000 ulelong =0x69676572 Microsoft Disk Image Extended; region # region Checksum. CRC-32C hash over the entire 64-KB table #>>0x30004 ulelong x \b, CRC %#x # The EntryCount specifies number of valid entries; Found 2; This must be =< 2047. >>0x30008 ulelong x \b, %u entries # reserved must be zero #>>0x3000C ulelong !0 \b, RESERVED %#x # Region Table Entry starts with identifier for the object. often BAT id >>0x30010 use vhdx-id # FileOffset >>0x30020 ulequad x \b, at %#llx # Length. Specifies the length of the object within the file #>>0x30028 ulelong x \b, Length %#x # 1 means region entry is required. if region not recognized, then REFUSE to load VHDX >>0x3002C ulelong x \b, Required %u # 2nd region entry often metadata id >>0x30030 use vhdx-id # 2nd entry FileOffset >>0x30040 ulequad x \b, at %#llx # 1 means region entry is required. if region not recognized, then REFUSE to load VHDX >>0x3004C ulelong x \b, Required %u # 2nd region >>0x40000 ulelong !0x69676572 \b, 2nd region INVALID # check in vhdx images for known id and show names instead hexadecimal 0 name vhdx-id # https://www.windowstricks.in/online-windows-guid-converter # 2DC27766-F623-4200-9D64-115E9BFD4A08 BAT GUID # 6677C22D23F600429D64115E9BFD4A08 BAT ID >0 ubequad =0x6677C22D23F60042 >>8 ubequad =0x9D64115E9BFD4A08 \b, id BAT # no BAT id >>8 default x >>>0 use vhdx-id-hex # 8B7CA206-4790-4B9A-B8FE-575F050F886E Metadata region GUID # 06A27C8B90479A4BB8FE575F050F886E Metadata region ID >0 ubequad =0x06A27C8B90479A4B >>8 ubequad =0xB8FE575F050F886E \b, id Metadata # no Metadata id >>8 default x >>>0 use vhdx-id-hex # 2FA54224-CD1B-4876-B211-5DBED83BF4B8 Virtual Disk Size GUID # 2442A52F1BCD7648B2115DBED83BF4B8 Virtual Disk Size ID # value "virtual size" can be verified by command `qemu-img info ` >0 ubequad =0x2442A52F1BCD7648 >>8 ubequad =0xB2115DBED83BF4B8 \b, id vsize # no Virtual Disk Size ID >>8 default x >>>0 use vhdx-id-hex # other ids >0 default x >>0 use vhdx-id-hex # in vhdx images show id as hexadecimal 0 name vhdx-id-hex >0 ubequad x \b, ID %#16.16llx >8 ubequad x \b-%16.16llx # # libvirt # From: Philipp Hahn <hahn@univention.de> 0 string LibvirtQemudSave Libvirt QEMU Suspend Image >0x10 lelong x \b, version %u >0x14 lelong x \b, XML length %u >0x18 lelong 1 \b, running >0x1c lelong 0 \b, RAW (no compression) >0x1c lelong 1 \b, gzip compressed >0x1c lelong 2 \b, bzip2 compressed >0x1c lelong 3 \b, xz compressed >0x1c lelong 4 \b, lzop compressed 0 string LibvirtQemudPart Libvirt QEMU partial Suspend Image # From: Alex Beregszaszi <alex@fsn.hu> 0 string/b COWD VMWare3 >4 byte 3 disk image >>32 lelong x (%d/ >>36 lelong x \b%d/ >>40 lelong x \b%d) >4 byte 2 undoable disk image >>32 string >\0 (%s) 0 string/b VMDK VMware4 disk image 0 string/b KDMV VMware4 disk image #-------------------------------------------------------------------- # Qemu Emulator Images # Lines written by Friedrich Schwittay (f.schwittay@yousable.de) # Updated by Adam Buchbinder (adam.buchbinder@gmail.com) # Made by reading sources, reading documentation, and doing trial and error # on existing QCOW files 0 string/b QFI\xFB QEMU QCOW Image !:mime application/x-qemu-disk # Uncomment the following line to display Magic (only used for debugging # this magic number) #>0 string/b x , Magic: %s # There are currently 2 Versions: "1" and "2". # https://www.gnome.org/~markmc/qcow-image-format-version-1.html >4 belong x (v%d) # Using the existence of the Backing File Offset to determine whether # to read Backing File Information >>12 belong >0 \b, has backing file ( # Note that this isn't a null-terminated string; the length is actually # (16.L). Assuming a null-terminated string happens to work usually, but it # may spew junk until it reaches a \0 in some cases. >>>(12.L) string >\0 \bpath %s # Modification time of the Backing File # Really useful if you want to know if your backing # file is still usable together with this image >>>>20 bedate >0 \b, mtime %s) >>>>20 default x \b) # Size is stored in bytes in a big-endian u64. >>24 bequad x \b, %lld bytes # 1 for AES encryption, 0 for none. >>36 belong 1 \b, AES-encrypted # https://www.gnome.org/~markmc/qcow-image-format.html >4 belong 2 (v2) # Using the existence of the Backing File Offset to determine whether # to read Backing File Information >>8 bequad >0 \b, has backing file # Note that this isn't a null-terminated string; the length is actually # (16.L). Assuming a null-terminated string happens to work usually, but it # may spew junk until it reaches a \0 in some cases. Also, since there's no # .Q modifier, we just use the bottom four bytes as an offset. Note that if # the file is over 4G, and the backing file path is stored after the first 4G, # the wrong filename will be printed. (This should be (8.Q), when that syntax # is introduced.) >>>(12.L) string >\0 (path %s) >>24 bequad x \b, %lld bytes >>32 belong 1 \b, AES-encrypted >4 belong 3 (v3) # Using the existence of the Backing File Offset to determine whether # to read Backing File Information >>8 bequad >0 \b, has backing file # Note that this isn't a null-terminated string; the length is actually # (16.L). Assuming a null-terminated string happens to work usually, but it # may spew junk until it reaches a \0 in some cases. Also, since there's no # .Q modifier, we just use the bottom four bytes as an offset. Note that if # the file is over 4G, and the backing file path is stored after the first 4G, # the wrong filename will be printed. (This should be (8.Q), when that syntax # is introduced.) >>>(12.L) string >\0 (path %s) >>24 bequad x \b, %lld bytes >>32 belong 1 \b, AES-encrypted >4 default x (unknown version) 0 string/b QEVM QEMU suspend to disk image # QEMU QED Image # https://wiki.qemu.org/Features/QED/Specification 0 string/b QED\0 QEMU QED Image # VDI Image # Sun xVM VirtualBox Disk Image # From: Richard W.M. Jones <rich@annexia.org> # VirtualBox Disk Image 0x40 ulelong 0xbeda107f VirtualBox Disk Image >0x44 uleshort >0 \b, major %u >0x46 uleshort >0 \b, minor %u >0 string >\0 (%s) >368 lequad x \b, %lld bytes # From: Joerg Jenderek # URL: https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch08.html#vboxmanage-modifynvram # Reference: http://mark0.net/download/triddefs_xml.7z/defs/n/nvram-virtualbox.trid.xml # Note: called "VirtualBox saved (U)EFI BIOS settings" by TrID and # verfied partly by VirtualBox version 7.0.12 `VBoxManage modifynvram <uuid|vmname> listvars` # first 64 bytes seems to be constant 0 long 0 >0x28 string _FVH >>0x64 beshort 0xAA55 >>>0 use virtualbox-nvram # display information of virtualbox *.nvram 0 name virtualbox-nvram >0x64 beshort x VirtualBox NVRAM file #!:mime application/octet-stream !:mime application/x-virtualbox-nvram !:ext nvram 0 string/b Bochs\ Virtual\ HD\ Image Bochs disk image, >32 string x type %s, >48 string x subtype %s 0 lelong 0x02468ace Bochs Sparse disk image # QEMU replay image # From: Alexandre Iooss <erdnaxe@crans.org> # URL: https://www.qemu.org/docs/master/system/replay.html # Reference: https://gitlab.com/qemu/qemu/-/blob/master/replay/replay.c 0 ubelong&0xFFFFFFF0 0x00e02000 >3 byte >5 >>4 quad 0 >>>12 ulelong <40 QEMU replay >>>>3 byte x \b, version %d >>>>3 byte 6 (QEMU 2.10-2.11) >>>>3 byte 7 (QEMU 2.12-4.1) >>>>3 byte 8 (QEMU 4.2) >>>>3 byte 9 (QEMU 5.0) >>>>3 byte 10 (QEMU 5.1-7.0) >>>>3 byte 12 (QEMU 7.1+) # Parallels disk image 0 string WithoutFreeSpace Parallels disk image 0 string WithouFreSpacExt Parallels disk image (extended)