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v3.14.6
Doc/c-api/complex.rst
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Sergey B Kirpichev
gh-128813: hide mixed-mode functions for complex arithmetic from C-API (#131703)
22 апр 2025, 15:18
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22 апр 2025, 15:18
79f7c67
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.. highlight:: c .. _complexobjects: Complex Number Objects ---------------------- .. index:: pair: object; complex number Python's complex number objects are implemented as two distinct types when viewed from the C API: one is the Python object exposed to Python programs, and the other is a C structure which represents the actual complex number value. The API provides functions for working with both. Complex Numbers as C Structures ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Note that the functions which accept these structures as parameters and return them as results do so *by value* rather than dereferencing them through pointers. This is consistent throughout the API. .. c:type:: Py_complex The C structure which corresponds to the value portion of a Python complex number object. Most of the functions for dealing with complex number objects use structures of this type as input or output values, as appropriate. .. c:member:: double real double imag The structure is defined as:: typedef struct { double real; double imag; } Py_complex; .. c:function:: Py_complex _Py_c_sum(Py_complex left, Py_complex right) Return the sum of two complex numbers, using the C :c:type:`Py_complex` representation. .. c:function:: Py_complex _Py_c_diff(Py_complex left, Py_complex right) Return the difference between two complex numbers, using the C :c:type:`Py_complex` representation. .. c:function:: Py_complex _Py_c_neg(Py_complex num) Return the negation of the complex number *num*, using the C :c:type:`Py_complex` representation. .. c:function:: Py_complex _Py_c_prod(Py_complex left, Py_complex right) Return the product of two complex numbers, using the C :c:type:`Py_complex` representation. .. c:function:: Py_complex _Py_c_quot(Py_complex dividend, Py_complex divisor) Return the quotient of two complex numbers, using the C :c:type:`Py_complex` representation. If *divisor* is null, this method returns zero and sets :c:data:`errno` to :c:macro:`!EDOM`. .. c:function:: Py_complex _Py_c_pow(Py_complex num, Py_complex exp) Return the exponentiation of *num* by *exp*, using the C :c:type:`Py_complex` representation. If *num* is null and *exp* is not a positive real number, this method returns zero and sets :c:data:`errno` to :c:macro:`!EDOM`. Set :c:data:`errno` to :c:macro:`!ERANGE` on overflows. Complex Numbers as Python Objects ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ .. c:type:: PyComplexObject This subtype of :c:type:`PyObject` represents a Python complex number object. .. c:var:: PyTypeObject PyComplex_Type This instance of :c:type:`PyTypeObject` represents the Python complex number type. It is the same object as :class:`complex` in the Python layer. .. c:function:: int PyComplex_Check(PyObject *p) Return true if its argument is a :c:type:`PyComplexObject` or a subtype of :c:type:`PyComplexObject`. This function always succeeds. .. c:function:: int PyComplex_CheckExact(PyObject *p) Return true if its argument is a :c:type:`PyComplexObject`, but not a subtype of :c:type:`PyComplexObject`. This function always succeeds. .. c:function:: PyObject* PyComplex_FromCComplex(Py_complex v) Create a new Python complex number object from a C :c:type:`Py_complex` value. Return ``NULL`` with an exception set on error. .. c:function:: PyObject* PyComplex_FromDoubles(double real, double imag) Return a new :c:type:`PyComplexObject` object from *real* and *imag*. Return ``NULL`` with an exception set on error. .. c:function:: double PyComplex_RealAsDouble(PyObject *op) Return the real part of *op* as a C :c:expr:`double`. If *op* is not a Python complex number object but has a :meth:`~object.__complex__` method, this method will first be called to convert *op* to a Python complex number object. If :meth:`!__complex__` is not defined then it falls back to call :c:func:`PyFloat_AsDouble` and returns its result. Upon failure, this method returns ``-1.0`` with an exception set, so one should call :c:func:`PyErr_Occurred` to check for errors. .. versionchanged:: 3.13 Use :meth:`~object.__complex__` if available. .. c:function:: double PyComplex_ImagAsDouble(PyObject *op) Return the imaginary part of *op* as a C :c:expr:`double`. If *op* is not a Python complex number object but has a :meth:`~object.__complex__` method, this method will first be called to convert *op* to a Python complex number object. If :meth:`!__complex__` is not defined then it falls back to call :c:func:`PyFloat_AsDouble` and returns ``0.0`` on success. Upon failure, this method returns ``-1.0`` with an exception set, so one should call :c:func:`PyErr_Occurred` to check for errors. .. versionchanged:: 3.13 Use :meth:`~object.__complex__` if available. .. c:function:: Py_complex PyComplex_AsCComplex(PyObject *op) Return the :c:type:`Py_complex` value of the complex number *op*. If *op* is not a Python complex number object but has a :meth:`~object.__complex__` method, this method will first be called to convert *op* to a Python complex number object. If :meth:`!__complex__` is not defined then it falls back to :meth:`~object.__float__`. If :meth:`!__float__` is not defined then it falls back to :meth:`~object.__index__`. Upon failure, this method returns :c:type:`Py_complex` with :c:member:`~Py_complex.real` set to ``-1.0`` and with an exception set, so one should call :c:func:`PyErr_Occurred` to check for errors. .. versionchanged:: 3.8 Use :meth:`~object.__index__` if available.