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src/banman.h
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// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
// Copyright (c) 2009-present The Bitcoin Core developers
// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
#ifndef BITCOIN_BANMAN_H
#define BITCOIN_BANMAN_H

#include <addrdb.h>
#include <common/bloom.h>
#include <net_types.h>
#include <sync.h>
#include <util/fs.h>

#include <chrono>
#include <cstdint>
#include <memory>

// NOTE: When adjusting this, update rpcnet:setban's help ("24h")
static constexpr unsigned int DEFAULT_MISBEHAVING_BANTIME = 60 * 60 * 24; // Default 24-hour ban

/// How often to dump banned addresses/subnets to disk.
static constexpr std::chrono::minutes DUMP_BANS_INTERVAL{15};

class CClientUIInterface;
class CNetAddr;
class CSubNet;

// Banman manages two related but distinct concepts:
//
// 1. Banning. This is configured manually by the user, through the setban RPC.
// If an address or subnet is banned, we never accept incoming connections from
// it and never create outgoing connections to it. We won't gossip its address
// to other peers in addr messages. Banned addresses and subnets are stored to
// disk on shutdown and reloaded on startup. Banning can be used to
// prevent connections with spy nodes or other griefers.
//
// 2. Discouragement. If a peer misbehaves (see Misbehaving() in
// net_processing.cpp), we'll mark that address as discouraged. We still allow
// incoming connections from them, but they're preferred for eviction when
// we receive new incoming connections. We never make outgoing connections to
// them, and do not gossip their address to other peers. This is implemented as
// a bloom filter. We can (probabilistically) test for membership, but can't
// list all discouraged addresses or unmark them as discouraged. Discouragement
// can prevent our limited connection slots being used up by incompatible
// or broken peers.
//
// Neither banning nor discouragement are protections against denial-of-service
// attacks, since if an attacker has a way to waste our resources and we
// disconnect from them and ban that address, it's trivial for them to
// reconnect from another IP address.
//
// Attempting to automatically disconnect or ban any class of peer carries the
// risk of splitting the network. For example, if we banned/disconnected for a
// transaction that fails a policy check and a future version changes the
// policy check so the transaction is accepted, then that transaction could
// cause the network to split between old nodes and new nodes.
//
// NOTE: previously a misbehaving peer would get banned instead of discouraged.
// This meant a peer could unboundedly grow our in-memory map of banned ips. When
// receiving an ADDR message we would also compare every address received to every
// item in the map. See https://bitcoincore.org/en/2024/07/03/disclose-unbounded-banlist.

class BanMan
{
public:
    ~BanMan();
    BanMan(fs::path ban_file, CClientUIInterface* client_interface, int64_t default_ban_time);
    void Ban(const CNetAddr& net_addr, int64_t ban_time_offset = 0, bool since_unix_epoch = false) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_banned_mutex);
    void Ban(const CSubNet& sub_net, int64_t ban_time_offset = 0, bool since_unix_epoch = false) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_banned_mutex);
    void Discourage(const CNetAddr& net_addr) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_banned_mutex);
    void ClearBanned() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_banned_mutex);

    //! Return whether net_addr is banned
    bool IsBanned(const CNetAddr& net_addr) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_banned_mutex);

    //! Return whether sub_net is exactly banned
    bool IsBanned(const CSubNet& sub_net) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_banned_mutex);

    //! Return whether net_addr is discouraged.
    bool IsDiscouraged(const CNetAddr& net_addr) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_banned_mutex);

    bool Unban(const CNetAddr& net_addr) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_banned_mutex);
    bool Unban(const CSubNet& sub_net) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_banned_mutex);
    void GetBanned(banmap_t& banmap) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_banned_mutex);
    void DumpBanlist() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_banned_mutex);

private:
    void LoadBanlist() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_banned_mutex);
    //!clean unused entries (if bantime has expired)
    void SweepBanned() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(m_banned_mutex);

    Mutex m_banned_mutex;
    banmap_t m_banned GUARDED_BY(m_banned_mutex);
    bool m_is_dirty GUARDED_BY(m_banned_mutex){false};
    CClientUIInterface* m_client_interface = nullptr;
    CBanDB m_ban_db;
    const int64_t m_default_ban_time;
    CRollingBloomFilter m_discouraged GUARDED_BY(m_banned_mutex) {50000, 0.000001};
};

#endif // BITCOIN_BANMAN_H