# Stories About C Plus Plus

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Stories About C++ | Your Journey from Beginner to Advanced | Deep Dive into Modern C++

--- - [Stories About C++](#stories-about-c++) - [Featured Projects](#featured-projects) - [About the Author](#about-the-author) - [Project Setup](#project-setup) - [Method 1: VSCode + Bazel](#method-1-vscode--bazel) - [Method 2: Docker](#method-2-docker) - [Method 3: g++](#method-3-g) - [Video Tutorials](#video-tutorials) - [Feishu Knowledge Base](#feishu-knowledge-base) - [Foundation](#foundation) - [Practical Exercises](#practical-exercises) - [10-Day Practice](#10-day-practice) - [Key Exercises](#key-exercises) - [C++2.0 New Features](#c20-new-features) - [Overview](#overview) - [C++11 New Features](#c11-new-features) - [C++14/17/20](#c141720) - [Design Patterns](#design-patterns) - [STL Source Code Analysis](#stl-source-code-analysis) - [Concurrency Programming](#concurrency-programming) - [C++ Concurrency in Action](#c-concurrency-in-action) - [Multithreading and Multiprocess](#multithreading-and-multiprocess) - [Threading In C++](#threading-in-c) - [C++ Idioms](#c-idioms) - [What's your favorite C++ programming idiom?](#whats-your-favorite-c-programming-idiom) - [Learning Courses](#learning-courses) - [GeekTime "Modern C++ in Action 30 Lessons"](#geektime-modern-c-in-action-30-lessons) - [Tools](#tools) - [Container Quick Output Tool](#container-quick-output-tool) - [Output Like Python (Jupyter Notebook)](#output-like-python-jupyter-notebook) - [Observe Compilation Process](#observe-compilation-process) - [C++ Debug Tool dbg-macro](#c-debug-tool-dbg-macro) - [Linux Debug Tool rr - Ability to Go Back in Time](#linux-debug-tool-rr---ability-to-go-back-in-time) - [Extensions](#extensions) - [Some Questions](#some-questions) # Stories About C++ Thank you for your support of *Stories About C++*. The content is also available on Bilibili in video format for easier learning. Welcome to star, share, and submit PRs. Online Personal Blog: [Light City Lab](https://light-city.github.io/) Online Learning Site: [Stories About C++](https://light-city.github.io/stories_things/) - Chinese Name: **C++ 那些事** - English Name: **Stories About C Plus Plus** This repository is designed for beginners to advance from **entry level to mastery**. It addresses the needs of **interviewees and learners** who want to **deeply understand C++** and **get started with C++**. Beyond the fundamentals, this repository also covers more advanced topics such as in-depth source code analysis and multi-threaded concurrency. It is a comprehensive C++ learning resource, from beginner to advanced improvement. > 🎯 **Target Audience**: C++ beginners, interview candidates, developers wanting to systematically learn Modern C++ > 📚 **Content Covered**: C++11/14/17/20 new features, STL source code analysis, design patterns, concurrency programming > 🔧 **Practice-Oriented**: Complete code examples and practical projects included ### Featured Projects A series of featured projects have been launched to guide you through practical C++ learning. Combined with this open-source project, you'll grow rapidly! Direct Link: [Click Here](./proj/README.md) ### About the Author The WeChat Official Account has opened two major entry points: albums and menus. You can directly read *Stories About C++* content on WeChat, paired with the code in this repository for an excellent experience. We recommend following us. Personal WeChat Official Account: guangcity Or scan the QR code below. We welcome your feedback and C++ discussions. I have created a C++ Stories exchange group on WeChat, a high-quality C++ resource exchange area. Please follow the above official account, click the bottom right corner → Contact Me, and I'll add you to the group. --- > Follow Me If you find this helpful, follow me~

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### Project Setup #### Method 1: VSCode + Bazel #### Method 2: Docker A Docker environment without development setup is now available. You can pull the following image: ``` docker pull xingfranics/cplusplusthings:latest ``` #### Method 3: g++ ### Video Tutorials [Episode 1: Step By Step Compiling This Project](https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Rv4y1H7LB/?vd_source=bb6532dcd5b1d6b26125da900adb618e) [Episode 2: Docker Environment Without Setup](https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1oz4y1a7Pu/?vd_source=bb6532dcd5b1d6b26125da900adb618e) [Episode 3: Reading HashTable Together, Thoroughly Understanding C++ STL](https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1o8411U7vy/?vd_source=bb6532dcd5b1d6b26125da900adb618e) [Episode 4: Reading STL enable_shared_from_this Together](https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1du4y1w7Mg/?spm_id_from=333.788&vd_source=bb6532dcd5b1d6b26125da900adb618e) [Episode 5: Reading STL Threads Together, From C++11 thread to C++20 jthread](https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1DH4y1g7gS/?vd_source=bb6532dcd5b1d6b26125da900adb618e) [Episode 6: Reading STL condition_variable, condition_variable_any Together](https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV13b421b7Am/?spm_id_from=333.999.0.0&vd_source=bb6532dcd5b1d6b26125da900adb618e) [Episode 7: Reading STL Mutex Together](https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1xm42157pq/?spm_id_from=333.999.0.0&vd_source=bb6532dcd5b1d6b26125da900adb618e) [Episode 8: Reading STL RAII Lock Together](https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ls421g7iq/?spm_id_from=333.788&vd_source=bb6532dcd5b1d6b26125da900adb618e) ### Feishu Knowledge Base [Internet Big Company Interview Records](https://hmpy6adnp5.feishu.cn/docx/OitBdRB4KozIhTxQt7Ec7iFDnkc) [Essential Interview Guide for Landing Offers](https://hmpy6adnp5.feishu.cn/docx/B1aCdVTUgoyJGYxtWV7cdvgRnxv) ### Foundation - [Stories About `const`](./basic_content/const) - [Stories About `static`](./basic_content/static) - [Stories About `this`](./basic_content/this) - [Stories About `inline`](./basic_content/inline) - [Stories About `sizeof`](./basic_content/sizeof) - [Stories About Function Pointers](./basic_content/func_pointer) - [Stories About Pure Virtual Functions and Abstract Classes](./basic_content/abstract) - [Stories About `vptr_vtable`](./basic_content/vptr_vtable) - [Stories About `virtual`](./basic_content/virtual) - [Stories About `volatile`](./basic_content/volatile) - [Stories About `assert`](./basic_content/assert) - [Stories About Bit Fields](./basic_content/bit) - [Stories About `extern`](./basic_content/extern) - [Stories About `struct`](./basic_content/struct) - [Stories About `struct` and `class`](./basic_content/struct_class) - [Stories About `union`](./basic_content/union) - [Stories About Implementing C++ Polymorphism in C](./basic_content/c_poly) - [Stories About `explicit`](./basic_content/explicit) - [Stories About `friend`](./basic_content/friend) - [Stories About `using`](./basic_content/using) - [Stories About `::`](./basic_content/maohao) - [Stories About `enum`](./basic_content/enum) - [Stories About `decltype`](./basic_content/decltype) - [Stories About References and Pointers](./basic_content/pointer_refer) - [Stories About Macros](./basic_content/macro) ### Practical Exercises #### [10-Day Practice](./practical_exercises/10_day_practice) - [day1 - Basic Syntax](practical_exercises/10_day_practice/day1) - [day2 - Recursion, Struct, Enum, Static Variables, etc.](practical_exercises/10_day_practice/day2) - [day3 - Functions 1](practical_exercises/10_day_practice/day3) - [day4 - Functions 2](practical_exercises/10_day_practice/day4) - [day5 - Inheritance and Polymorphism](practical_exercises/10_day_practice/day5) - [day6 - Virtual Functions and Abstract Classes](practical_exercises/10_day_practice/day6) - [day7 - Operator Overloading](practical_exercises/10_day_practice/day7) - [day8 - Templates and STL](practical_exercises/10_day_practice/day8) - [day9 - Exceptions](practical_exercises/10_day_practice/day9) - [day10 - Files and Streams](practical_exercises/10_day_practice/day10) #### [Key Exercises](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/) - [Bracket Overloading.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/bracket_overloading.cpp) - [Clock++ Operator Overloading.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/clock.cpp) - [Operator Overloading - Type Casting.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/operator_cast.cpp) - [Clock with Parentheses Overloading.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/operator_circle.cpp) - [Function Template.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/func_temp.cpp) - [Dynamic Array.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/array.cpp) - [Dictionary Insertion and Lookup.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/map_insert_look.cpp) - [Exception Catching.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/try.cpp) - [Class Template - Stack.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/stack.cpp) - [Class Template Specialization - Array.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/array_template.cpp) - [Inheritance and Encapsulation.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/override.cpp) - [File Read and Write Comprehensive Exercise.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/read_file.cpp) - [Input/Output Operator Overloading.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/io_operator_overload.cpp) - [Input/Output Overloading.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/io_operator.cpp) - [Output Format.cpp](./practical_exercises/key_exercises/output.cpp) ### [C++2.0 New Features](./cpp2.0) #### Overview C++2.0 is a shorthand for "Modern C++", including C++11/14/17/20. #### [C++11 New Features](./cpp2.0/cpp11) - [Variadic Templates](./cpp2.0/cpp11/variadic) - Spaces in Template Expressions ```cpp vector > // ok in each C++ version vector> // before C++11 error: '>>' should be '> >' within a nested template argument list, compiles normally from C++11 onwards ``` - [nullptr and nullptr_t](./cpp2.0/cpp11/nullptr.cpp) - [Automatic Type Deduction with auto](./cpp2.0/cpp11/auto.cpp) - [Uniform Initialization](./cpp2.0/cpp11/uniform_initialization.cpp) - [initializer_list](./cpp2.0/cpp11/initializer.cpp) - [explicit for ctors taking more than one argument](./cpp2.0/cpp11/explicit.cpp) - [range-based for statement](./cpp2.0/cpp11/auto.cpp) ```cpp for(decl:col) { statement } ``` - [=default, =delete](./cpp2.0/cpp11/default_delete.cpp) If you define a `ctor` yourself, the compiler won't provide a `default ctor`. If you force add `=default`, you can regain and use the `default ctor`. - Alias (化名) Template (template typedef) - [alias.cpp](./cpp2.0/cpp11/alias.cpp) - [template_template.cpp](./cpp2.0/cpp11/template_template.cpp) - [template template parameter](./cpp2.0/cpp11/template_template.cpp) - [type alias](./cpp2.0/cpp11/type_alias.cpp) - [noexcept](./cpp2.0/cpp11/noexcept.cpp) - [override](./cpp2.0/cpp11/override.cpp) - [final](./cpp2.0/cpp11/final.cpp) - [decltype](./cpp2.0/cpp11/decltype.cpp) - [lambda](./cpp2.0/cpp11/lambda.cpp) - [Rvalue reference](./cpp2.0/cpp11/rvalue.cpp) - [move aware class](./cpp2.0/cpp11/move.cpp) - Container Structure and Classification - (1) Sequential containers include: `array` (new in C++2.0), `vector`, `deque`, `list`, `forward_list` (new in C++2.0) - (2) Associative containers include: `set/multiset`, `map/multimap` - (3) Unordered containers (new in C++2.0, replacing `hash_xxx` with `unordered_xxx`) include: `unordered_map/unordered_multimap`, `unordered_set/unordered_multiset` - [Hash Function](./cpp2.0/cpp11/hash.cpp) - [tuple](./cpp2.0/cpp11/tuple.cpp) Learning Material: https://www.bilibili.com/video/av51863195?from=search&seid=3610634846288253061 #### C++14/17/20 To be updated... ### Design Patterns - [Singleton Pattern](./design_pattern/singleton) - [Producer-Consumer Pattern](./design_pattern/producer_consumer) ### [STL Source Code Analysis](./src_analysis/stl) **STL Source Code Analysis: gcc 4.9.1** - [array](./src_analysis/stl/array.md) - [deque](./src_analysis/stl/deque.md) - [queue and stack](./src_analysis/stl/queue_stack.md) - [list](./src_analysis/stl/list.md) - [vector](./src_analysis/stl/vector.md) - [typename](./src_analysis/stl/typename.md) - [traits](./src_analysis/stl/traits.md) - [iterator](./src_analysis/stl/iterator.md) - [Discussion on STL Design - EBO Optimization](./src_analysis/stl/谈谈STL设计之EBO优化.md) - [rb_tree](./src_analysis/stl/rb_tree.md) - [set and multiset](./src_analysis/stl/set_multiset.md) - [map and multimap](./src_analysis/stl/map_multimap.md) - [hashtable](./src_analysis/stl/hashtable.md) - [myhashtable](./src_analysis/stl/myhashtable.md) - [unordered_map](./src_analysis/stl/unordered_map.md) ### [Concurrency Programming](./concurrency) #### C++ Concurrency in Action - [Chapter 1](./concurrency/concurrency_v1/chapter1) - [Chapter 2](./concurrency/concurrency_v1/chapter2) Learning Material: https://downdemo.gitbook.io/cpp-concurrency-in-action-2ed/ #### Multithreading and Multiprocess ##### Threading In C++ - [Introduction](./concurrency/Threading_In_CPlusPlus/1.thread) - [Five Types of Thread Creation](./concurrency/Threading_In_CPlusPlus/2.create_type) - [Join and Detach](./concurrency/Threading_In_CPlusPlus/3.join_detach) - [mutex in C++ Threading](./concurrency/Threading_In_CPlusPlus/4.mutex) > Source: > > https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eZ8yKZo-PGw&list=PLk6CEY9XxSIAeK-EAh3hB4fgNvYkYmghp&index=4 ### [C++ Idioms](./codingStyleIdioms) ##### What's your favorite C++ programming idiom? - [1. Class Initializers](./codingStyleIdioms/1_classInitializers) - [2. Replace Enum with Namespace](./codingStyleIdioms/2_enumclass) - [3. RAII (Resource Acquisition Is Initialization)](./codingStyleIdioms/3_RAII) - [4. copy and swap](./codingStyleIdioms/4_copy-swap) - [5. pImpl (Pointer to Implementation)](./codingStyleIdioms/5_pImpl) ### Learning Courses #### [GeekTime "Modern C++ in Action 30 Lessons"](https://time.geekbang.org/channel/home) - [Heap, Stack, RAII: How to Manage Resources in C++?](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/RAII) - [Heap](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/RAII/heap.cpp) - [Stack](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/RAII/stack.cpp) - [RAII](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/RAII/RAII.cpp) - [Implementing C++ Smart Pointers](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/smart_ptr) - [auto_ptr, scope_ptr](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/smart_ptr/auto_scope.cpp) - [unique_ptr](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/smart_ptr/unique_ptr.cpp) - [shared_ptr](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/smart_ptr/shared_ptr.cpp) - [What Problem Do Rvalue References and Move Solve?](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/reference) - [Lvalue and Rvalue](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/reference/reference.cpp) - [Lifetime Extension](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/reference/lifetime.cpp) - [Reference Collapsing](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/reference/collapses.cpp) - [Perfect Forwarding](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/reference/forward.cpp) - [Don't Return Reference of Local Variable](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/reference/don'treturnReference.cpp) - [Containers 1](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/container1) - [Containers 2](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/container2) - [Exceptions](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/exception) - [Literals, Static Assertions, and Member Function Specifiers](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/literalAssert) - [Should We Return Objects?](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/obj) - [Compile-Time Polymorphism: Generic Programming and Template Introduction](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/compilerpoly) - [What Can Be Done at Compile Time? A Complete Computing World](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/compilercompute) - [SFINAE: What Does "Substitution Failure Is Not An Error" Mean?](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/SFINAE) - [constexpr: A Constant World](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/constexpr) - [Function Objects and Lambda: Entering Functional Programming](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/functionLambda) - [Memory Model and Atomic: Understanding the Complexity of Concurrency](./learn_class/modern_cpp_30/memorymodel_atomic) ### Tools #### [Container Quick Output Tool](./tool/output) Modified code, [Click here for the code](./tool/output/output_container.h) Input: ```cpp map mp{ {1, 1}, {2, 4}, {3, 9}}; cout << mp << endl; ``` Output: ```cpp { 1 => 1, 2 => 4, 3 => 9 } ``` #### Output Like Python (Jupyter Notebook) - [Play with C/C++ Like Python](./tool/像Python一样玩CC++.md) #### Observe Compilation Process - [https://cppinsights.io](https://cppinsights.io/) #### C++ Debug Tool dbg-macro - [C++ Debug Tool dbg-macro](./tool/C++的Debug工具dbg-macro.md) #### Linux Debug Tool rr - Ability to Go Back in Time - [Debug with rr](./tool/用rr来进行debug.md) ### Extensions #### Some Questions - [How to convert string to int in C++?](./extension/some_problem/string_int.md)