/
evo
/
Gtk4-tutorial
Обзор
Документация
Войти
/
evo
/
Gtk4-tutorial
Код
Запросы
0
Задачи
Вики
Пакеты
0
Релизы
0
Аналитика
Безопасность
main
docs/sec6.html
314 строк
25 KB
Toshio Sekiya
Fixed typo in sec4.src.md.
03 дек 2025, 14:25
03 дек 2025, 14:25
b3d5aaf
Код
Авторство
О чём код?
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="generator" content="pandoc" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" integrity="sha384-9ndCyUaIbzAi2FUVXJi0CjmCapSmO7SnpJef0486qhLnuZ2cdeRhO02iuK6FUUVM" crossorigin="anonymous"> <title>GTK 4 tutorial</title> <style> code{white-space: pre-wrap;} span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;} span.underline{text-decoration: underline;} div.column{display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%;} div.hanging-indent{margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent: -1.5em;} ul.task-list{list-style: none;} pre{overflow: visible;} pre > code.sourceCode { white-space: pre; position: relative; } pre > code.sourceCode > span { display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25; } pre > code.sourceCode > span:empty { height: 1.2em; } code.sourceCode > span { color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; } div.sourceCode { margin: 1em 0; } pre.sourceCode { margin: 0; } @media screen { div.sourceCode { overflow: auto; } } @media print { pre > code.sourceCode { white-space: pre-wrap; } pre > code.sourceCode > span { text-indent: -5em; padding-left: 5em; } } pre.numberSource code { counter-reset: source-line 0; } pre.numberSource code > span { position: relative; left: -4em; counter-increment: source-line; } pre.numberSource code > span > a:first-child::after { content: counter(source-line); position: relative; left: -1em; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; border: none; display: inline-block; -webkit-touch-callout: none; -webkit-user-select: none; -khtml-user-select: none; -moz-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; user-select: none; padding: 0 4px; width: 4em; color: #aaaaaa; } pre.numberSource { margin-left: 3em; border-left: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding-left: 4px; } div.sourceCode { } @media screen { pre > code.sourceCode > span > a:first-child::before { text-decoration: underline; } } code span.al { color: #ff0000; font-weight: bold; } /* Alert */ code span.an { color: #60a0b0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; } /* Annotation */ code span.at { color: #7d9029; } /* Attribute */ code span.bn { color: #40a070; } /* BaseN */ code span.bu { } /* BuiltIn */ code span.cf { color: #007020; font-weight: bold; } /* ControlFlow */ code span.ch { color: #4070a0; } /* Char */ code span.cn { color: #880000; } /* Constant */ code span.co { color: #60a0b0; font-style: italic; } /* Comment */ code span.cv { color: #60a0b0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; } /* CommentVar */ code span.do { color: #ba2121; font-style: italic; } /* Documentation */ code span.dt { color: #902000; } /* DataType */ code span.dv { color: #40a070; } /* DecVal */ code span.er { color: #ff0000; font-weight: bold; } /* Error */ code span.ex { } /* Extension */ code span.fl { color: #40a070; } /* Float */ code span.fu { color: #06287e; } /* Function */ code span.im { } /* Import */ code span.in { color: #60a0b0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; } /* Information */ code span.kw { color: #007020; font-weight: bold; } /* Keyword */ code span.op { color: #666666; } /* Operator */ code span.ot { color: #007020; } /* Other */ code span.pp { color: #bc7a00; } /* Preprocessor */ code span.sc { color: #4070a0; } /* SpecialChar */ code span.ss { color: #bb6688; } /* SpecialString */ code span.st { color: #4070a0; } /* String */ code span.va { color: #19177c; } /* Variable */ code span.vs { color: #4070a0; } /* VerbatimString */ code span.wa { color: #60a0b0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; } /* Warning */ div.sourceCode { margin: 10px; padding: 16px 10px 8px 10px; border: 2px solid silver; background-color: ghostwhite; overflow-x:scroll} pre:not(.sourceCode) { margin: 10px; padding: 16px 10px 8px 10px; border: 2px solid silver; background-color: ghostwhite; overflow-x:scroll} table {margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid;} th {padding: 2px 6px; border: 1px solid; background-color: ghostwhite;} td {padding: 2px 6px; border: 1px solid;} img {display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;} figcaption {text-align: center;} </style> </head> <body style="padding-top: 70px;"> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar fixed-top navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-primary"> <div class="container-fluid"> <span class="navbar-brand">Gtk4 tutorial</span> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#navbarSupportedContent" aria-controls="navbarSupportedContent" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarSupportedContent"> <ul class="navbar-nav me-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="index.html">Home</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="sec5.html">Prev: section5</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="sec7.html">Next: section7</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="row justify-content-center"> <div class="col-xl-10 col-xxl-9"> <h1 id="strings-and-memory-management">Strings and memory management</h1> <p>GtkTextView and GtkTextBuffer have functions that have string parameters or return a string. The knowledge of strings and memory management is useful to understand how to use these functions.</p> <h2 id="string-and-memory">String and memory</h2> <p>A String is an array of characters that is terminated with ‘\0’. String is not a C type such as char, int, float or double, but a character array. It behaves like a string in other languages. So, the pointer is often called ‘a string’.</p> <p>The following is a sample program.</p> <div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode c"><code class="sourceCode c"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">char</span> a<span class="op">[</span><span class="dv">10</span><span class="op">],</span> <span class="op">*</span>b<span class="op">;</span></span> <span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span> <span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>a<span class="op">[</span><span class="dv">0</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ch">'H'</span><span class="op">;</span></span> <span id="cb1-4"><a href="#cb1-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>a<span class="op">[</span><span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ch">'e'</span><span class="op">;</span></span> <span id="cb1-5"><a href="#cb1-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>a<span class="op">[</span><span class="dv">2</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ch">'l'</span><span class="op">;</span></span> <span id="cb1-6"><a href="#cb1-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>a<span class="op">[</span><span class="dv">3</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ch">'l'</span><span class="op">;</span></span> <span id="cb1-7"><a href="#cb1-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>a<span class="op">[</span><span class="dv">4</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ch">'o'</span><span class="op">;</span></span> <span id="cb1-8"><a href="#cb1-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>a<span class="op">[</span><span class="dv">5</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ch">'</span><span class="sc">\0</span><span class="ch">'</span><span class="op">;</span></span> <span id="cb1-9"><a href="#cb1-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span> <span id="cb1-10"><a href="#cb1-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>b <span class="op">=</span> a<span class="op">;</span></span> <span id="cb1-11"><a href="#cb1-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">/* *b is 'H' */</span></span> <span id="cb1-12"><a href="#cb1-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">/* *(++b) is 'e' */</span></span></code></pre></div> <p>An array <code>a</code> is defined as a <code>char</code> type array and its size is ten. The first five elements are ‘H’, ‘e’, ‘l’, ‘l’, ‘o’. They are character codes. For example, ‘H’ is the same as 0x48 or 72. The sixth element is ‘\0’, which is the same as zero, and indicates that the sequence of the data ends there. The array represents the string “Hello”.</p> <p>The size of the array is 10, so four bytes aren’t used. But it’s OK. They are just ignored. (If the variable <code>a</code> is defined out of functions or its class is static, the four bytes are assigned with zero. Otherwise, that is to say, the class is auto or register, they are undefined.)</p> <p>The variable <code>b</code> is a pointer to a character. It is assigned with <code>a</code>, so <code>b</code> points the first element of <code>a</code> (character ‘H’). The array <code>a</code> is immutable. So <code>a=a+1</code> causes syntax error.</p> <p>On the other hand, <code>b</code> is a pointer type variable, which is mutable. So, <code>++b</code>, which increases <code>b</code> by one, is allowed.</p> <p>If a pointer is NULL, it points nothing. So, the pointer is not a string. It is different from empty string. Empty string is a pointer points ‘\0’.</p> <p>There are four cases:</p> <ul> <li>The string is read only</li> <li>The string is in static memory area</li> <li>The string is in stack</li> <li>The string is in memory allocated from the heap area</li> </ul> <h2 id="read-only-string">Read only string</h2> <p>A string literal is surrounded by double quotes like this:</p> <div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="sourceCode c"><code class="sourceCode c"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">char</span> <span class="op">*</span>s<span class="op">;</span></span> <span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>s <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"Hello"</span></span></code></pre></div> <p>“Hello” is a string literal, and is read only. So, the following program is illegal.</p> <div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode c"><code class="sourceCode c"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="op">*(</span>s<span class="op">+</span><span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ch">'a'</span><span class="op">;</span></span></code></pre></div> <p>The result is undefined. Probably a bad thing will happen, for example, a segmentation fault.</p> <p>NOTE: The memory of the literal string is allocated when the program is compiled. It is possible to see the literal strings with <code>strings</code> command.</p> <pre><code>$ strings src/tvf/a.out /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 cN<5 ... ... ... ... ... ... Once upon a time, there was an old man who was called Taketori-no-Okina. It is a japanese word that means a man whose work is making bamboo baskets. One day, he went into a hill and found a shining bamboo. "What a mysterious bamboo it is!," he said. He cut it, then there was a small cute baby girl in it. The girl was shining faintly. He thought this baby girl is a gift from Heaven and took her home. His wife was surprized at his story. They were very happy because they had no children. ... ... ... ... ... ...</code></pre> <p>It tells us that literal strings are embedded in program binary codes.</p> <h2 id="strings-defined-as-arrays">Strings defined as arrays</h2> <p>If a string is defined as an array, it’s stored in static memory area or stack. It depends on the class of the array. If the array’s class is <code>static</code>, then it’s placed in static memory area. The allocated memory lives for the life of the program. This area is writable.</p> <p>If the array’s class is <code>auto</code>, it’s placed in stack. If the array is defined inside a function, its default class is <code>auto</code>. The stack area will disappear when the function returns to the caller. Arrays defined on the stack are writable.</p> <div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode c"><code class="sourceCode c"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">static</span> <span class="dt">char</span> a<span class="op">[]</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="op">{</span><span class="ch">'H'</span><span class="op">,</span> <span class="ch">'e'</span><span class="op">,</span> <span class="ch">'l'</span><span class="op">,</span> <span class="ch">'l'</span><span class="op">,</span> <span class="ch">'o'</span><span class="op">,</span> <span class="ch">'</span><span class="sc">\0</span><span class="ch">'</span><span class="op">};</span></span> <span id="cb5-2"><a href="#cb5-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span> <span id="cb5-3"><a href="#cb5-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">void</span></span> <span id="cb5-4"><a href="#cb5-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>print_strings <span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">void</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span> <span id="cb5-5"><a href="#cb5-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="dt">char</span> b<span class="op">[]</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"Hello"</span><span class="op">;</span></span> <span id="cb5-6"><a href="#cb5-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span> <span id="cb5-7"><a href="#cb5-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> a<span class="op">[</span><span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ch">'a'</span><span class="op">;</span> <span class="co">/* Because the array is static, it's writable. */</span></span> <span id="cb5-8"><a href="#cb5-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> b<span class="op">[</span><span class="dv">1</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ch">'a'</span><span class="op">;</span> <span class="co">/* Because the array is auto, it's writable. */</span></span> <span id="cb5-9"><a href="#cb5-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span> <span id="cb5-10"><a href="#cb5-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> printf <span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"</span><span class="sc">%s\n</span><span class="st">"</span><span class="op">,</span> a<span class="op">);</span> <span class="co">/* Hallo */</span></span> <span id="cb5-11"><a href="#cb5-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> printf <span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"</span><span class="sc">%s\n</span><span class="st">"</span><span class="op">,</span> b<span class="op">);</span> <span class="co">/* Hallo */</span></span> <span id="cb5-12"><a href="#cb5-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div> <p>The array <code>a</code> is defined out of functions. It is placed in the static memory area even if the <code>static</code> class is left out. The compiler calculates the number of the elements (six) and allocates six bytes in the static memory area. Then, it copies “Hello” literal string data to the memory.</p> <p>The array <code>b</code> is defined inside the function, so its class is <code>auto</code>. The compiler calculates the number of the elements in the string literal. It is six because it has ‘\0’ terminator. The compiler allocates six bytes in the stack and copies “Hello” litaral string to the stack memory.</p> <p>Both <code>a</code> and <code>b</code> are writable.</p> <p>The memory is allocated and freed by the program automatically so you don’t need to allocate or free. The array <code>a</code> is alive during the program’s life time. The array <code>b</code> is alive when the function is called until the function returns to the caller.</p> <h2 id="strings-in-the-heap-area">Strings in the heap area</h2> <p>You can get, use and release memory from the heap area. The standard C library provides <code>malloc</code> to get memory and <code>free</code> to put back memory. GLib provides the functions <code>g_new</code> and <code>g_free</code>. They are similar to <code>malloc</code> and <code>free</code>.</p> <div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode c"><code class="sourceCode c"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>g_new <span class="op">(</span>struct_type<span class="op">,</span> n_struct<span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div> <p><code>g_new</code> is a macro to allocate memory for an array.</p> <ul> <li><code>struct_type</code> is the type of the element of the array.</li> <li><code>n_struct</code> is the size of the array.</li> <li>The return value is a pointer to the array. Its type is a pointer to <code>struct_type</code>.</li> </ul> <p>For example,</p> <div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="sourceCode c"><code class="sourceCode c"><span id="cb7-1"><a href="#cb7-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">char</span> <span class="op">*</span>s<span class="op">;</span></span> <span id="cb7-2"><a href="#cb7-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>s <span class="op">=</span> g_new <span class="op">(</span><span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">,</span> <span class="dv">10</span><span class="op">);</span></span> <span id="cb7-3"><a href="#cb7-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">/* s points an array of char. The size of the array is 10. */</span></span> <span id="cb7-4"><a href="#cb7-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span> <span id="cb7-5"><a href="#cb7-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">struct</span> tuple <span class="op">{</span><span class="dt">int</span> x<span class="op">,</span> y<span class="op">;}</span> <span class="op">*</span>t<span class="op">;</span></span> <span id="cb7-6"><a href="#cb7-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>t <span class="op">=</span> g_new <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw">struct</span> tuple<span class="op">,</span> <span class="dv">5</span><span class="op">);</span></span> <span id="cb7-7"><a href="#cb7-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">/* t points an array of struct tuple. */</span></span> <span id="cb7-8"><a href="#cb7-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">/* The size of the array is 5. */</span></span></code></pre></div> <p><code>g_free</code> frees memory.</p> <div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre class="sourceCode c"><code class="sourceCode c"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">void</span></span> <span id="cb8-2"><a href="#cb8-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>g_free <span class="op">(</span>gpointer mem<span class="op">);</span></span></code></pre></div> <p>If <code>mem</code> is NULL, <code>g_free</code> does nothing. <code>gpointer</code> is a type of general pointer. It is the same as <code>void *</code>. This pointer can be casted to any pointer type. Conversely, any pointer type can be casted to <code>gpointer</code>.</p> <div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre class="sourceCode c"><code class="sourceCode c"><span id="cb9-1"><a href="#cb9-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>g_free <span class="op">(</span>s<span class="op">);</span></span> <span id="cb9-2"><a href="#cb9-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">/* Frees the memory allocated to s. */</span></span> <span id="cb9-3"><a href="#cb9-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span> <span id="cb9-4"><a href="#cb9-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>g_free <span class="op">(</span>t<span class="op">);</span></span> <span id="cb9-5"><a href="#cb9-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">/* Frees the memory allocated to t. */</span></span></code></pre></div> <p>If the argument doesn’t point allocated memory it will cause an error, specifically, a segmentation fault.</p> <p>Some GLib functions allocate memory. For example, <code>g_strdup</code> allocates memory and copies a string given as an argument.</p> <div class="sourceCode" id="cb10"><pre class="sourceCode c"><code class="sourceCode c"><span id="cb10-1"><a href="#cb10-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">char</span> <span class="op">*</span>s<span class="op">;</span></span> <span id="cb10-2"><a href="#cb10-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>s <span class="op">=</span> g_strdup <span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Hello"</span><span class="op">);</span></span> <span id="cb10-3"><a href="#cb10-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>g_free <span class="op">(</span>s<span class="op">);</span></span></code></pre></div> <p>The string literal “Hello” has 6 bytes because the string has ‘\0’ at the end. <code>g_strdup</code> gets 6 bytes from the heap area and copies the string to the memory. <code>s</code> is assigned the start address of the memory. <code>g_free</code> returns the memory to the heap area.</p> <p><code>g_strdup</code> is described in <a href="https://docs.gtk.org/glib/func.strdup.html">GLib API Reference</a>. The following is extracted from the reference.</p> <blockquote> <p>The returned string should be freed with <code>g_free()</code> when no longer needed.</p> </blockquote> <p>If you forget to free the allocated memory it will remain until the program ends. Repeated allocation and no freeing cause memory leak. It is a bug and may bring a serious problem.</p> <h2 id="const-qualifier">const qualifier</h2> <p>A <code>const</code> qualified variable can be assigned to initialize it. Once it is initialized, it is never allowed to change or free.</p> <div class="sourceCode" id="cb11"><pre class="sourceCode c"><code class="sourceCode c"><span id="cb11-1"><a href="#cb11-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">const</span> <span class="dt">int</span> x <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">10</span><span class="op">;</span> <span class="co">/* initialization is OK. */</span></span> <span id="cb11-2"><a href="#cb11-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span> <span id="cb11-3"><a href="#cb11-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>x <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dv">20</span><span class="op">;</span> <span class="co">/* This is illegal because x is qualified with const */</span></span></code></pre></div> <p>If a function returns <code>const char*</code> type, the string can’t be changed or freed. If a function has a <code>const char *</code> type parameter, it ensures that the parameter is not changed in the function.</p> <div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre class="sourceCode c"><code class="sourceCode c"><span id="cb12-1"><a href="#cb12-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">// You never change or free the returned string.</span></span> <span id="cb12-2"><a href="#cb12-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span></span> <span id="cb12-3"><a href="#cb12-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>gtk_label_get_text <span class="op">(</span></span> <span id="cb12-4"><a href="#cb12-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> GtkLabel<span class="op">*</span> self</span> <span id="cb12-5"><a href="#cb12-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="op">)</span></span> <span id="cb12-6"><a href="#cb12-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span> <span id="cb12-7"><a href="#cb12-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">// Str keeps itself during the function runs</span></span> <span id="cb12-8"><a href="#cb12-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">void</span></span> <span id="cb12-9"><a href="#cb12-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>gtk_label_set_text <span class="op">(</span></span> <span id="cb12-10"><a href="#cb12-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> GtkLabel<span class="op">*</span> self<span class="op">,</span></span> <span id="cb12-11"><a href="#cb12-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="dt">const</span> <span class="dt">char</span><span class="op">*</span> str</span> <span id="cb12-12"><a href="#cb12-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.0.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha384-MrcW6ZMFYlzcLA8Nl+NtUVF0sA7MsXsP1UyJoMp4YLEuNSfAP+JcXn/tWtIaxVXM" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> </body> </html>